Beseler Topcon Ext-Tubes User manual

MACROPHOTOGRAPHY

The stondord 58mm  stondord  lens  (f/1.4  qnd  f/t.8),   of  rhe TOPCON RE SUPER ond TOpCON
RS, hos o minimum focusing distqnce of  only 45cm (18  in.), which  is very  short for  this  focol
length, while  fhe 35mm wide-ongle  hos on even shorter close-up focusing distonce of  23cm (9
in.) ond the 25mm wide-ongle  lens on  extremely  shori minimum distonce of  only  16cn (6-112
in.), which  ore  very,  very  shorf,  ond,  in  foct,  much more  shorter  thon  most  other  com-
porotive  focol  length  lenses.   At  ihese  minimum focusing  distonces,  oll three  lenses give
extremely lorge-size imoges.

However,  for  even greoter  close-ups (giving  lorger imoges neorer  to  octuol  sizes) ond mocro-
shots (lorger-thon-life-size  imoges),  the comero  lens must be extended much further  thon pos-
sible with the  built-in  lens extension, by  either using extension tubes or  bellows.
The TOPCON Extension Tube Set, when used on the TOpCON RE SUPERor TOpCON RS, provides
o  rigid meons of  lens extension, which  is quick  ond  simple  in  operoiion.   While    it  is nof os
versotile os the TOPCON Bellow Attochment, Model   lll,  it fulfills most requirements of simple lens
extension qnd,  moreover,  hos the  odvontoge  of  o shorter minimum extension thqn  is possible
with the bellows.   Exlension ronges from  q minimum 9mm to o moximum 54mm, with scoles of
reproduction ronging from   | :0.16  to   I  : l.l.


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The TOPCON Extension Tube Set mokes   if  possible  to  fqke  shots of  single flowers, smoll in-
secfs,  etc.,  os  well  os do  serious photogrophic work  in the medicql, dentol, crr'minologicol or
scientific fields, ond, of  course,  it con olso be used for  normol copying  work.

The use of  extension tubes on the TOPCON RE SUPER, or TOPCON RS, does nof require  extro
qccessory view-focusing  equipment of  ony  kind becouse the comero focusing screen will olwoys
show  the exoct  film imoge,  the  depth  of  field ond,the  correct  focusing plone,  oll due  to the
single lens reflex chorocteristics of  these comerqs.  At  the some time, TOPCON RE SUPER mokes
mocrophologrophy  especiolly  eosy becouse  it eliminotes  oll exposure troubles, such os experi-
enced when ihe  lens is extended ond  the  light hos to trovel forther  to reoch the film plone-os
fhe  Mirror-Meter  simply intercepts the some light  for  exposure reoding.

For even greoter  enioyment  of  mocrophotogrophy,  the  use of  the  following TOPCON  occes-
sories <lre recommended becouse they  will  simplify, speed-up ond extend your  field  of  octivity.

 l.  Lens-Lite Exposure Meter-will    give  extro occurote exposure very simply, by plocing rhe CdS
     cell qreq  ot  the  film  plone,  for  foking  o  spot  reoding  of  o l2mm diometer  of  reflected
     light through the toking  lens ond  extension.  Simply  substitute for  the comerq  body  ond
    ottoch behind extension tubes.

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2.  Woist-Level  Finder-shows  o typicol  reflex view from  directly  obove,  for  studied
                                                                                                                                 "orfiri-
           fion  work,  olthough  the  erect  imoge  is  shown  loterolly  reversed.   The  full-oreo  of  the
          focusing screen is seen, even when the squore mognifier  is flipped up  for  use.

       3.  Accessory Focusing Screens-simply  exchonge stondord  focusing  screen  for one of  the  fol-
         lowing:-
            \LNo.  2-full-oreq    fine ground gtoss (fresnel  boosted).
                     3-full-oreo    fine ground  gloss (fresnel boosted)*cleor   spot ond  cross-hoirs*milli-        ,.  t.U-'No.
                      meter  scoles olong  right  ond bottom  edges.   v&U
71^r)\v"          No.4-full-oreo     fine ground gloss (fresnel boosted)*grid   pottern ot 6mm intervols.
     4.  Automotic Extension Tube-simply   ottoch beiween  lens ond  extension tube or comero body,
           for  providing  semi-outomotic  lens diophrogm  oction  to  the  RE.  Auto-Topcor  lenses when
        used with  the double  coble  releose.  This boyonet  mount tube  olso  hos o 9mm  extension
        ond  will  prove  voluoble  for  shooting moving  subiects.

     5. Copying  Stondiis     ,r.d    fo,  steodying  the comero  ond  lens in verticol  shooting positions
        ond  helps  eliminotes  vibrotions  ond consequent unshorpness in the  film imoge.   This equip-
        ment  is especiolly voluoble becouse shutter speed  is usuolly slow  in  mocrophotogrophy  ond
        ony moyemenf  will show up cleorly.

6.  Double Coble Releose-must  be  used  for  coordinoting  the  shutter qnd outomotic extension
    tube releose octions,-for   the purpose of  eliminoting shutter vibrstion.

7.  Bellow Attochment, Model   lll-will    provide  further  extension of  the  lens.  When  combined'
    the bellows qnd fubes  will  give  o moximum 229mm extension,  ot  which  point, the  sc'ole of
    reproduciion will be  l:4,   with the 58mm lens, ond 1:2.3,  with the lOOrnm lens, olthough
   exposure steps  will  be  o moximum  *4   qnd  *3.2   respectively.  Besides it use with the
    extension tubes, however,  the bellows, ond  its ottbchmentsr  will  open up  entirely  differenf
     fields.

The following  toble shows the occessories which con be used for  obtoining  the  required  scole
of  reproduction  with  the  vorious TOPCOR  lenses.  Although  the  toble  does  not show  No. 3
extension tube being used, this  is becouse (for  the purpose of  this toble) the bellows cover  the
ronge  of  this porticulorly  tube.  However, No. 3 extension tube moy be used qt such times.





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TABTE OF TENSES& CIOSE.UP ACCESSORIES

   RE Auto-Topcor  3.5/ 25


   RE Auto-Topcor   2.

   RE Auto-Topcor   1.4 / 58
   RE Auto-To'pcor   1.8 / 58

   R E A u t o - T o p c o r 2 . 8 / 1 O O


   R E A u t o - T o o c o r  3 . 5 / l  3 5




        Toccor         5.6/ 3OO


Noie.    A.
         B.  Lens*Automotic  Extension Tube or No.   I  Extension Tube
       c.  Lens*Automotic  Extension Tube*No.      I  Extension Tube
        D.  Lens*Automotic  Extension Tube-FDouble  Roil Bellows
         E.  Lens*No.  2 Extension Tube
         F.  Lens*No.     I  Extension Tube*Double  Roil Bellows
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CONSTRUCTIONAND FUNCTION

The TOPCON  Extension Tube Set consists of  3  different  length  fubes, os follows  :-
        No.   I   Extension Tube-  9mm extension
       No. 2          ,,         ,,  -l5mm           ,,
       No. 3           ,t          ,,  -30mm           ,,

All  of  the  extension tubes hove  boyonet  mounts, identicol  to  the comero ond lens boyonet
mounts.  As o result, ottochment ond detochment is much more simple, fost ond equolly tight-fitting.
All tubes hove o mqle mount ot one end ond o femole mount ot the  opposite  end,  with  the
former  being used for  ottochment to the comero  (or  next tube) ond the lotter for ottochment to
the lens (or  next tube).

Attqchment of  the lubes  is done  in the some monner qs ottqchment of  the lens to the comerq
body.   In other words,  line up the red  dots, inserf  until  well  seoted ond  then  turn  clockwise
until   it  cotches.  To  detochr  pr€ss the  locking  lever ond turn counter-clockwise  until  the  red
dots ore  lined up ond then  lift  out.

The extension tubes moy be used singly or in combinotions.   In oll, 7  different combinotions qre
possible, from o minimum 9mm to q moximum 54mm,  with  the  lens set ot  infinity.  The 58mm

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lens itself  will  extend onother  l0mm.

 When  the  exlensions tubes  ore  used  in  combinotion  with  fhe  outomotic extension tube, the
  number of combinotions is increosed by 4  to o  totol    I I  combinotions, with moximum extension
  6 3 m m .

 The toble,  on  poge  8, show the  combinotions  of  extension possible  with  the 58mm, 35mm,
  l00mm ond l35mm focol  lengths.
      us6,rll<t"s-





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FORMUTAS FOR MACROPHOTOGRAPHY

Normolly, the omount of  lens extension is decided  by the required  scqle of  reproduction  9r  the
subiect oreo.

Scole  of  Reproducllon
The relotionship between the size of  the subiecf ond the size of  its imoge on the film (but not
in  comporison  with  the   finol  photo  size)  is termed ihe  scole of  reproduction, ond  is usuolly
shown qs  "l   : l"  or  "1 :4",  meoning identicql sizes in the former  cqse ond  thot the imoge  is
4X  the size of the subiect in the  lotter instonce. Sometimes only  the  figures "l.O"  or  "4.O"
ore shown, giving only the  size of  the imoge in comporison with the size of  the subiect.

The scole of  reproduction  is obtoined  by  the following  formuto :-
                                                      of  Extensio!
            Scole of  Reprod'"tion:ES
                                         Focol Length
or,  if  the extension is 40mm, when the 58mm  is used :-
            -40  :0.689   or 0.69
            58
ond,  if  further  colculotions  ore  coriied  out,   it  will  be seen thot  the scole of  reproduction  in-
creoses with  the  lens extension.

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r      On the other hond,  if  the scole of  reproduction  is qlreody  known, the omount of extension moy
       be obtoined:-
                    Extension:Focol  LengthXScole  of  Reproduction
         or, 58 X0.69:40mm

      When  using the TOPCON RE SUPER or TOPCON R5, the No. 3 focusing screen moy be used
       ond  will  <rssistin finding the scole of  reproduction  very  simply,  by using the  millimeter  scoles
       engroved olong the bottom ond right hond edges of the screen.  This focusing screen is especiolly
        voluoble when the mognificotion must be  correctly  obtoined.

        Subleci  Areq
      When  the  subiect  oreo   is  required,    it  moy be  found  for  ony  scole  of  reproduction,  os              I
        follows:-                                                                                                              a
                                                                     2 4 m m                                                                   : l                                                                                               - *                S u b i e c t A r e o : ^ . - - - g 9 q t
                                   Scole of  Reproduction    Scole of  Reproduction
         or,   if  fhe scole of  reproduction  is   I  : 0.69 :-                                                                                                                                                   j                                                                                                       q           I
                       -9'6-x  24  -52x35mm
                     0.69   0.69

       The use of  No. 3 focusing screen or No. 4 focusing screen will  olso help  in quickly ond simply

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finding the subiect oreo,  in such coses.

Exposure
When the lens is extended,  less light  folls on fhe  film plone ond, therefore, the operture mork-
ings on the diophrogm  ring ore  no  longer  correct  ond  exposure  musf be compensoted,   i. e.,
more exposure  must be  given  for  toking  the  picture.  As cqn be seen, the  lens-to-film plone
distonce becomes very importonf ond  is used in the following  formulo  for  deciding the exposure
foctor,  with  soid  distonce  being  considered  the  focol  length * lens extension when the lens is
focused  ot  infinity  :-
           ExPosure Fotto' :@r,          9th * Exfension)2
                                       (Focol Length)2
or, should the lens extension be 40mm, with 58mm lens used ;
          (qqtlo)1                   :2.85 or 2.eX            (se)'

However, when using the TOPCON RE SUPER,oil such complicoted exposure fqctor colculqtions
ore qutomoticolly eliminofed becquse the Mirror-Meter  tokes on exposure reoding  of  the octuql
intensity  of  the   light  reoching  fhe  focol  plone  ond  gives  on qveroge  reoding  for  the  full
subiect oreo.

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But, there  ore certqin  limitqtions which must be  kept  in  mind when  using  the  Mirror-Meter.
For instonce, olthough   it  is possible to meosure exposure  in the ronge EV 2 to EV 16, with ASA
100 fitm looded, ond with extension tubes used, it should be noted  thot the diophrogm  ring  is no
longer mechonicolly coupled  to the  Mirror-Meter   but  is only  opticolly  coupled  ;  in other words,
the  lens diophrogm  is octuolly stopped down  for  toking on exposure reoding.

Thus, olthough  it  will be possible to toke o reodirrg of  t11,4'lrusec.,  <ln exposure reoding  of
the some exposure volue (fV)  of +15.6  l sec. will  not be possible becouse the omount of  re-
flected  light  will be much too smoll to  octivote  fhe exposure needle.

 In such instonces, for  exomple, toke o reoding  with  the  lorgest operture,  soy, f 11.4. Presume
                                                            l/a                                                  sec.    lf  the  picture must be token at t116, countthot  the  speed  indicoted   ot  this time  is
the number of steps from  tf 1.4 to  tll6  ond decreose the  shutter speed by on equol number of
steps, thus-
                                                             ^6^l
                        "2n.g^3^       4n4ns.6'-'5'-   g        rn7n16            +11.4^1-'                       VuWE")t
            1 / + s e c .       ' 1 ,       1        2       4       8       1 6      3 2
 or,  in other words, T steps, moking the new exposure setting tfl6  32sec.

 When  toking exposure reodings  of  o subiect qreq hoving o greoter  proportion of highlight thon
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:r1
        dorker oreo, such os this printed  pqge, increose by   I  or  2  steps  to  toke  into  occount  the
        higher-thon-overoge  controst.   i :ffi#        For more occurote spot reodings  of  the subiect oreo,  substitute the Topcon  Lens-Life Exposure
       Meter  for  the  cqmerct body  ond toke  spot reodings  of  o l2mm  diometer  field  ot the exoct
          film plone, becquse the exposure meter puts o CdS photo-cell oreo  ot the  film plone ond reqds
        the exocf omount of  reflected  light reoching the  focol  plone through the cqmero  lens ond  ex-
        tension fubes.l,#'

i . /:.:l' ,    Deprh   of  Field
  i&:
       lmoge definition  is of  prime importonce  in close-ups, but becouse ihe depth  of  field grows   in-
        creosingly  shollow  os the  lens is extended  ond the  lens-to-subiect distonce shortened,  it  is of   ei
       utmost importonce to focus the  lens correctly  in order  to obtoin  overoll  shorpness of  the imoge.
 a     The correcf  poinf  of  focus  in mocrophotogrophy  con be found os follows  :-
                    (Neor  Limit Distonce) X (For  Lim'rt D'rstonce)X 2_
                      (Neor  Limit Distonce)*(for    Limit Distonce)
         In other words,  if the neor  limit is lOmm ond the  far   limif  lSmm,  the  qbove  formulo  will
        give-
                                         l o x l 5 x 2                                                   : l 2 m m
                             r o + r 5

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Of  course, lhe  lens should be stopped down os much os procticol  for  the moximum  depth  of
field  possible.  Noturolly,  extro core  is olso required  in focusing

Focol  Length   of  Lens
The choice of  focol  lengfh olso hos on importont  effecf on the close-up shot, ond the following
points should be considered  in their  choice.  The shorter focol  length meons thot you must get
closer to lhe  subiect thon with o longer  focol  length, thus, besides the risk of costing o shodow
over  the subiect, you  will  olso hqve  to work  close to the heot of  the  illuminotion source which
con offen be very  hot.  Of  course, the depth  of  field  is greoter  with  the  shorter focol  length
but  fhis  qlso meons thot  some  of  the  bockground  moy  be  included,  unless some  fype   of
ortificiol  bockground   is  used.  The  longer  focol  length, on the other hondr gives you  longer
working  disfonces, so thot you con get owoy  from  the  heof  of  illuminotion  or  work  wifhout
disturbing the subiect.  However,  the depth  of  field  is much more shollow, olthough  this prop-
erly  helps fo  isolote the  subieci from  q distrocting bockground.

For the reosons noted obove, some photogrophers, prefer  to work  with  the l00mm ond l35mm
focol  length lenses.



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AUTOMATICEXTENSIONTUBE

 Although the RE. Auto-Topcor (ond  F. Auto-Topcor)  lenses hove o  fully  outomqtic insfont open-
 ing lens diophrogm oction, when directly ottoched to the comero, the outomotic diophrogm oc-
 tion  is no longer coupled  internolly  to the comerq body mechonism when fhe  lens is extended
 with extension iubes ond bellows  in mqcrophotogrophy  ond, thus, the lens diophrogm  is ocfuolly
 stopped down when the diophrogm  ring  is revolved,  with  the  resuh  thqt  the  benefit  of  the
 outomotic diophrogm  oction qnd constontly wide-open  aperture  is no longer  ovoilqble.

The Automotic Extension Tube  is o voluoble qccessoryr ot such times, for  the  purpose  of  co-
ordinoting the shutter curtoin ond  lens diophrogm  octions so thot lhe  lens diophrogm  will  outo-
 moticolly slop down  fo the pre-selected operture  iust before the focol plone shutter mokes it run.

The Automotic Extension Tube  is of  equol thickness os lhe No.   I  extension tube,   ort  in  olher
words,  gives 9 mm extension.     li moy be used independently  (in  ploce  of  the No.   I  extension
tube), or  in combinqtion  with  the other  extension tubesr or  with  the  bellows,  buf,  in   oll   in-
slonces, must be  used with  q double  coble releose  in order  to coordinote  the octions of  the
shutter ond lens diophrogm.

lf the RE. Auto-Topcor  (or  F. Auto-Topcor)  lens is used without the Automotic Extension Tube  in

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mocrophotogrqphy, focusing mu3t be done  qt wide  operture ond the  lens closed down monuolly
to the required  operture,  with  the shutter releosed while  looking  ot o dqrkened.finder   field.

On  the other hond,  if  the Automotic Extension Tube  is used, the  finder  field   is  not  dorkened
until  the  shulter  is releosed, so thot view-focusing  con be done under the  brightest condition
until the very momenf of  shutter releqse.   Since the  lens diophrogm   will  outomoticolly  stop
down  to  the  pre-selected operture when the double coble  releose  is octivoted,  the  shutter  is
releosed ot the opportune moment when loking  mocro-shots of moving subiectsl such os insects,
fishes, etc.                    g'fKu,u9Operotlon
As  with  lhe extension tubes, the Automotic  Extension Tube  ['los o mole boyonet  mount  qt  one
end  ond  o  femole boyonet mount qt the  other.   In  oll  insfonces, lhe mole boyonet mount oc'
cepts the  lens while,   if used independently,  the other mount is used for  ottoching the  corl€ror
or,   if used in combinotion  with  other  extension fubes or  bellows,  to ottoch these occessories.

After  the comero, tubes or betlows, ond  lens hove been set up  for  mocrophotogroPhy,  screw
in one of the releqse  plugs, of  the double coble  releose,  into the sockef of the comero shutler
ond the other  into the socket of  the Automotic Extension Tube.  Wind  ihe speed-lever  of  the
comero.  Then, chorge  the preset diophrogm  lever  of  lhe Automotic Extension Tube, by furning
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if counfer-clockwise (os seen from the  lens), which  will open fhe lens diophrogm  fully.  When
 the  picture  is  reody  for  toking, press  the  double  coble  releose,  the  lens diophrogm  will
 stop down to the pre-selected operture qnd then  ihe  shutter oction  will  toke  ploce,   if  the
 plunger lengths hove been properly  odiusted beforehond.

 Adluslment    of  Double   Coble  Releqse
 ln order to check whefher the double coble releose is properly odiusted lo coordinote the oc-
 tions of  the shutter releose ond  lens diophrogm  oction, open fhe  bock  cover   of  the  comero
 ond, while  looking  into the body ond  lens froin  the  reor,  press lhe double coble releose.     lf o
rother slow shutter speed ond o smoll opening  is used for  this test, such qs f/16 ond 1/36sec.,
 it  will  be possible fo see whether  the  lens opening stops down  first ond then the shutter cur?oin
mokes it run or whether  the opposite tokes ploce.

In ony cose, the releose plunger  for  the shutter socket should extend  out more  thon  thot  for
the  lens diophrogm  ociion.  To odiust the  lengths, hold  "A"   ring  with  left hond ond revolve
"8"  ring slightly wiih  the  right, which  will  loosen if.  Next, hold  ,,B" wilh  the  leff hond  ond           'tC"
revolve        with  the  right hond which  will  odiust the length of the plunger.    lf  ,,C,, is re-
volved clockwise, the plunger length will be lengthened, ond shortened  if turned  in the opposite
direcfion.   When  the  proper  length hos been ottoined,  hold  "A"  with  fhe  left hqnd ond  re-
volve  "8"  firmly  to  fix  "C".

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Dlerphrogm  Releore  Bullon
A button is olso ovoiloble on the Aulomolic Exlension Tube, for the purpose of stopping down
thc lens diophrogm without using the double coble releose. The butlon is used for  stopping
down lhe diophrogm when it  is required lo check fhe depth of  fleld for the pre-selecled op'
erlure, bul it moy olso be used for mqnuol operolion of the lens diophrogm ond shuller releose
(olthough there  is the  risk of comero vibrotion in such inslonces),by closing lhe diophrogm
with the  lefi hond ond releosing lhe shuller with the right.





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