Blair Folding Hawk-Eye 1-A and 3 User manual

www.butkus.us

 PICTURD TAKINO
              WITH THD
  Nos. l=A and 3
Folding Hawk=Dyes
     Models No.2 and No. 9
            (Menlscus rarl R. B. Lenseo)

              $uw


                   Publlrhcd by
    EASTMAN TOI}AK COMPANY
                        Succcsror to
 BTAIR CAMDRA COMPANY
            Rochester, N. Y.

Venmo @mike-butkus-camera  Ph. 2083
PayPal Name  Lynn@butkus.org      www.PayPal.me/lynnbutkus

-*    Nos.  l -A and 3 Folding
             YYrlawK-tryesI    rr
           Models No. 2 and No. 9
                (Equipped with Mcniscus and R. R. Lenses)
            For Pictures 2% x 4/  and 3% x 4%
     Before loading or attempting to take any pictures with
   the Hawk-Eye read the following directions carefully
  and become thoroughly familiar with the instrument,
   taking special care to learn the construction of  the
   shutter; work it for both time and instantaneous ex-
   posures, before threading up the film.
   A most important thing to lte remernbered is that no
   white light (including gas or lamp light) should reach
   the film for a fractional oart of a second until it has
  been developed and washid. Therefore extreme care
   mttst be used to keep the duplex paper (red on one
  side and black on the other) wound tightly on the
   spool so as to protect the film while loading and un-
   loading the Hau,k-E1-e. It is best to select some place
   w'here the light is not too bright to insure safety.
             To Load
    Before loading, try the shutter and see that it works
   properly.
   The film for the No. 1-A Folding Hawk-Eye, Model
  No._2, is knorvn as No. 116, size 21x4fu, No. 1-A F.  P. Ii. and the film for the No. 3 Folding Hawk-Eye,
  yqa.l Ng. 9, is knorvn as No. 118, size 3r7!x4r/a, No.   3. F         f. K., and are put up in light-proof cartridges so   that the camera can be loaded ar.rd uirloaded in daylight.   It is best that the operation be performed in subdied
                                   3

www.butkus.us

 light, not in bright sunlight. After the seal is broken. it
 must be borne in mind that care must be taken to keep- the duplex paper tight so no light can reach the film.
  To insure against all dangers,  it is advisable to select
 a plaie where the light is noi strong, as this work should
 never be performed in the glare of Uright sunlight.
  To remove the back cover hold the camera in both
 hands as illustrated in Fig. l;  first press with the fore-
 finger of the left hand on the little-knob D and at the
 same time with the forefinger of the right hand push
 the little knob E toward the winding key which releases
 the back cover.





                  www.butkus.us

                        Frc. r
  .Se_cond, the Hawk-Eye now being opened, an empty
winding reel with a slit in it will be seen. This is ihe
reel onto which the film is wound after exposure. The
full. spool_ of- film is placed in the chamber at the op-
posite gn{ of the camera. Pull out the spool centeis
about 3/16 inch until the inside ends are flush with inside
of spool chamber.
  Third, place the film cartridge into ihe chamber so the
duplex paper unwinds from the outside or off the top.
                           4

Norn.-The word "Top" on the end of an Eastman
    I{odak film should be placed toward the bottom of the    camera. If the cartridge is inserted wrong end up the
     duplex- pa.per r,r'ill come torvard the lens, resulting in the     Ioss of pictures.
         . Fourth, push the spool centers back to original posi-    tion. The center pin now acts as an axis foi the spoot
    to turn on. Break the seal and pass the duplex piper
    over the rolls at back of camera and thread intb ihe
     slot in the winding reel. Turn the key to the right to
     secure.





Mike Butkus  Digitally                                             DN:ou=butkus.org,Date:cn=Mike2023.12.18signedButkus,email=mike@butkus.org,by21:03:36Mikeo=ButkusButkus-05'00'camera manuals,c=US
                              Ftc. z
    Be careful that it is started straight, for should one
    edge bear against the flange harder than the other, it
     will not wind evenly and will cause trouble. See that it
     is perfectly centered. After the film is secured, replace
    the back cover by hooking  it to the end of the camera
    opposite the handle (see Fig. z), using care that the
    end A is correctly engaged at the point B before the
    cover is pressed down to engage the catch C, but the
    cover will not lock until the knob D, illustrated in Fig.
     1, is pressed down, at the same time pressing on the
    back cover to bring it into place and make the lock
     engage.
     Throughout the foregoing from the time the seal is
    broken until the camera is_closed, see that the duplex
                                         J

www.butkus.us

paper is wound tightly on the spool. If the paper is
allowed to loosen [he film will be fogged.
  Turn the winding key slowly until the figure r ap-
Dears opposite the red window, which signifies that the
hlm is in position for the first exposure.
    No. 1 B. B. Shutter is Used on These
              Hawk-Eyes
  The disc at the bottom of the shutter indicates the
opening of the iris diaphragm, according to- the uniform
system. The graduated disc at the t-oO of the shutter
indicates different methods of making exposures as
desired.





                                                     ob-  Opposite "T," tinle exposure of any -dura-tiorl istainiil by pressing the bulb to open the shutter, andpressing it again to close it.
  Bulb exposures are obtained by placing the pointer
opposite "B," pressing the bulb, when the shutter re-
niains open as long as pressure is applied to the bulb.
  Instantaneous exposures are made by placing the
pointer upon el, sto or r*o as desired.
  This shutter works automatically and is always set
and ready for making an exposure.
                             6

Diaphragms
  The stops should be r.rsed as follows:
  No. 4-For instantaneous exposures on  slightly
cloudy days.
  No. 8-For all ordinary iltstantaneous erposures
when the sun shines.
  No. 16-For instantaneous exposures when the sun-
light is unusuallv strong and there are no heavy shad-
ows; such as in views on the seashore or on the water;
also for interior time exposures, the time for which is
given in the table on page 10.
  Nos. 32 and 64-For interiors. Neaer for instantan-eous erposures.
  No. 128-For time exposrlres outdoors in cloudyweather. N eaer  f or instantaneous erposures. The
time required for time exposrlres on cloudy days with
smallest stop will range from l-5 second to 5 seconds,
according to the light. The smaller the stop the sharp-
er the picture.
  Absolute failure will be the result if vou use thesmallest stop for instantaneous exposures.
  The Nos. 1-A and 3 Hawk-Eyes. N{odels No.'Z and,
9 when fitted u-ith the SrNclr Acnnouerrc lens have
but three stop openings, designated as U. S. 16, 32 and6{. The largest one is to be used for ordinary snap
shots in bright sunlight, the middle one for time ex-
posLlr.es, interiors and the like, and the smaliest stop is
for time pictures out of doors.
            To Focus
 When preparing for an exposure the lens must first
be placed in focus.
__To open the bed press the hidden button on top ofHawk-Eye, as illustrated in Fig. 3. Push the bed dbwn
until the side brace springs lock it, so it is firm, Drawout the standard, grasping  it by the finger cfamps.
                              7

www.butkus.us

  Monnrs No. 2 axo No. 9-Frrrno wrrH SrNclr Acu-
RoMATIC LBNs. The standard should be drawn out to
the limit of motion and until locked, rvhen objects rvill
then be in focus at a distance of eight feet or more.
  \,Iolnrs No. 2 e,xn No. 9-FIrrrr  wrrr{ R. R. LBNs
and Aurol,rA'rrc Focus Locnrxc Dnvrce. .To set the
focus, press dorvn on the lever attached to the bed and
set the catch in the slot marked for the distance de-
sired. The scale or1 the No. 1-A, \'Iodel No. 2  is
marked for 6, 10, 25 or 100 feet, rvhereas the scale on
the No. 3, I\{odel No. 9 is marked f.or 6, 10, 15, 25 or
100 feet. Then pull out the front of the standard to
limit of motion. and until locked. The lens rvill be in
focus for the distance at s-hich r-ou har,e set the catch.





   Instantaneous Exposures or Snap Shots
  Never use diaphragm smaller than 16. Usually No.
8 is preferable, especially for short range pictures.
  Instantaneous exposures, better known as "snap
shots," are usually made with the camera held in the
hand. The light therefore should be bright sunshine and
                           8

exposures made from about three hours after suurise to
 three hours before sunset. Earlier or iater than these
 hours time exposrlrcs should be made. See ,,Time
 Exposures in Open Air," page 10.
   , Alr1,ays. photogr.aph_ -from the sun, never toward it; that is, the sun should come from behind oDerator or
 over.the s_!o.uld.e1, shining directly on object to be photo-
 graphed. If  it shines into lens the picture will be blurred.
  Do not try to photograph moving objects at less dis-
 tance than ttventy-five feet, and endeavor to catch them
 at a\-a_ngle_or coming toward camera. In photographing
 a tall building at close                      l?nge and pointi'ig carieri up- rvard, lines irr photo rvill be fourrd very-irregtrlar on
 a_c_court of top being a greater distance from thJcamera.
 When possible, you should obtain a position as near as
 you can to the horizontal line of the center. The same
 rule applies to snrall objects, such as a ciog, u,hen the
camera should be lowered to center of object to be taken.
                                              camera - \\,'hen reariy for making the exposure hold the firml1', and as nearly level as poslible so the picture will
be true.  Locate the object-in the finder by lookingsqnarely d9*! into it, and release the shutter, using care
not to jerk the calnera. This  ',r'ill uncover the Gns afractional part of a. second, thereby making the impres-
sion upon the sensitive surface of the filir.
  After making the exposure, turn the winding key to  .the rlght untrl the next_nuntbel appears to vierv through
the red windon' in the back of the camera.
   It is advisable to get into the habit of winding the film
as soon as an exposure is made, which will avoid the
possibility of making two exposures on the same surface.
            Time Exposures
  In making time exposures some judgment must be
used as to the length of time the lens strould remain un-
covered. This is governed by the anrount of light uporrthe object to be photographed and varies at -diffeient
trmes.
                             o

www.butkus.us

  The following rule should be observed: Place the
camera uporl a tripod, table or some firm stlpport where
there will be no danger of moving it during the time the
exposure is made; center the object in the finder, set
the shutter otr time as described on page 6, then one
pressure to open and when sufficient time has elapsedone to close,-using care, of cottrse, not to jar the cam-
era either in opening or closing the shutter.
      Time Exposures in Open Air
  In mal<ing time exposnres out of doors the shutter
can hardly be rvorked too quickly.
  Wrrn SuwsnrNr-Smallest diaphragm, open and close
as quickly as possibie.
  Wrrn Ltcnr Crouos-Smallest  diaphragm, one-half
second to one second.
  Wrrn Haavv Crouns-Srnallest diaphragm, two to
five seconds.
  The foregoing is calculated for open air exposures;
for obj ects in shadorl's or under porches no accurate
directions can be given, ouly experieuce cau teach the
proper exposure.
  Never try to make a time exposure while holding the
camera in the hand, as it is impossible.
    Time Needed for Interior Exposures
  The follon'ing table is for 8 operting or diaphragm.
Wherr usirrg 16 operrirrg. trrice as tttttclt time shorrld b:
given; with 32 opening four times, and u'ith 64 opening
eight times the time of the table.
  Nore: IJse trvice the time of teble when operating
the No. 1-A and No. 3, eqLripped u-ith the Single Ach-
romatic lens and lorgcst stop is before the letrs.
  White walls and more than orle wiudorv:      Bright sun outside, two seconds.     Haiy sun, five seconds.      Cloudy bright, ten seconds.      Cloudy dull, twentr' "nconds.
                                   10

White walls and only one window:                 B_right                    sun                             outside,                                  three seconds.---                           eight                                   se'condi.                   $-azy_ sun,              Clouqy br!9h1, fifteen seconds.              Cloudy dtrlI, thirty  sticonAl.--
         Medium colored walls and hangings and more than        one window:
                Prlg:ht sun outside, four seconds.               Ha,zy sun, ten seconds.
              Qlou4y bright, twenty seconds.              Cloudy dul-1, forty  se-con-ds.---
                                        and only one,       window:Medium colored walls and hangings
                F_right sun_outside, six seconds.             4azy sun, fifteen seconds.              Clou{v pright,  thirty  seclnas.              Cloudy dull. sixty sdconds.---
         Dark colored walls and hangings and more than onerl       window:
                B*right sun outside, ten seconds.                 tl_azy sun, twenty seconds.             Clougy bright,  f<irty seconds.
               Uroucty dull, one minute, twenty seconds.
         Dark  colored wal-1s and hangings und onfy  one
         window:BriSht sun -outside, twenty seconds.             E-azy sun, forty-eigtrtys6conds.--             Clougy bright,         seconds.             urouoy ctull, two minutes, forty  seconds.
        The fore-going is calculated for rooms whose windows
        get direct light frorn the sky a.rl for hours r.o-  ir-,...       hours atter sunrise until three hours before sunset.
                 Flash Light Exposures
           making flashiight exposures with the Harvk_Eve          . In           lt ls not necessary to procure a flash lamp, o. anu
        paratus, as Eastman flash sheets are ali' that i; "r_;;         Q,-rred, and are supplied i. three sizes. See Jii." rii.
              .         Vlany in_te.riors can..be p_hotographed bv tti!-pil.lri-aiiriiC'tri.        that'r'ould be verv difficurt to-photogripn
       day owing to lack of light, or wi.dow-s ,o to.ut.A- tt ai             it ,i: impossible to darkin them sufficientiy       The camera should be placed on a triiod, table or      some other secure s'pport. pi' the flash's-hiei;;-";;
                                            11

www.butkus.us

cornel' to a piece o{ white cardboard, rvhich will ac.t as               'incl                                                                a                 rvhich has previouslv been fixed in;-;;fl;.t"t;perpendicular posrtion. Place this about two teet be-
Litli, uttd two to three feet to oue side of the camera'
;iih';    ixtra piece of cardboard under the flash sheet
to prevent spafks from falling and doing damage'
  Wtt.tt eveil'thing is in readiness-locate o-bject in finder                -the                 sane as r'vhen making time ex-    op." shttter
"naporut.t, using largest diaphragm.  . I-gnite iower corll€r
bf flash sheet, rvhich rvill burn brtghtly'. ancl maKe tneexposllre; then close shutter and rvind hlm to the ttext
nu--t .t which appears to vierv through the red window'
  The nttrrtLrer of sheets required to light a room varies
with the clistance of the object farthest from the cam-
era, and the color of the 'walls and hangings'
  When two or more sheets are to be used they shoula
be oit-tnecl to the carclboarcl, otle above the other, the
cotnets only very slightly overlapping.
                         Table
                                   hangingt                           and                               rvalls               distarrce                        light     10        feet For                                                                     sheet                                         2                                             harrgrtrgs                                           No'                                       use":9                                               1N9'i:l]::tl                           and                           walls                        darli             a;.to"."     i0            iiii F;;                                                                     sheet                                         2                                           No'                                       use                                    hangings                                          ar.rd                                                                           l                               rvalls                        iight                 rlistatt.e           iiit        ii F;;                                                                     sheet                                         3                                       use                                    1No'                                  ha'gings                            walls                           a.d                 clistarrce                                  ilit'li         fiet     i5 F;;
  Norr: If you are uot ttsittg the Eastman Flash Sl-reet
 Holdei, place the match in alplit  stick at least two feet
 long.
            Removing the Film
  The danger of irght reaching the sensitive surface of                                          the loading,                          same as                                       at                              is the           ."fi"n untoiaing th; fil;                    -anv                                                            the                                   possibility-                                      of                 against       tt  insure ;d                                        -fogging .Ag.r, it had besi be done in a subdued light'
   fVh.u No. 12 has been exposed, continue to turn the
 *indlng key until the duplex paper leaves the- supply
 rpooi      is all wound on to the- winding spoo.l' lhis vbu ca.,"-natell as the key will turn very much easler atter
                                      spoo1.                   the supply                 left ih."'is5*i,-op.iipap.t has                                   as whenloading, and                        ihe same                   .a-eta,              the
  t"f..-troid lf  the end of the duplex paper with thumb and
                                 12

finger of the ieft hand, turning winding key to the right
so as to drau' the paper eveul1- down around the spool.
Use the sticker furnished rvith each spool for fastening
the end of this paper. After this is done, the spool may
be removed b1- rvithdrawing the spool center and draw-
ir-rg out rvinding ke1-, turning the camera at the same
time, so the spooi u'ill drop out.
  The empty spool should then be adjus'ed in position
for rn,incling the next film b1- placing the slot end of
spool tor,vard winding ke1'. After winding key is proper-
ly engaged, push the spool center into original position.
  After all the exposures have been made and the film
removed, the negatives must next be made and the
pictures finished.
 We recommend that the amateur do the work corn-
plete as it will be found very interesting and the process
is very simple.
  Should 1'ou decide to do the finishing, we provide an
outfit containiug all the articles needecl and the cherni-
cals alreaciJ' compoLllrded, readl' for ltse.
  For greatest econonty provide an Eastman A B C
Developing and Prirrting Outfit which is stlitable for
4 x 5 or any smaller size films.
  The outfit contains:
1 Kodak Candle Lamp                                   .. . $ .25  Developing Tray5                            ,q
  4-oz. Graduate                                               .15
 4x5 Printirig Frame.....                                .25
  4 x 5 Glass for same                                            .05
  Stirring Rod.  .                                                   .u5
 Box (5 tubes) Eastman Special Developing
 Powders                                                   .25%  lb. Kodak Acid Fixing Porvder                    .i52 doz. Sheets 4x 5 \relox Paper.                      .50
1  2-oz. Bottle Nepera Solution                        .10
1 Pkg. Bromide Potassium. .                                 .05
1 Instruction Book.                                        .10
      Price complete, neatly packed, $1.50     $2 30
        This ontfit cannot be shipped by mail.
                                13

www.butkus.us

            Developing the Film
  Provide a Developing and Printing Outfit, also a pair
of shears, pitcher of cold water (preferably ice water),
a pail for slops, dark-room ,having a shelf or table.
By "dark-room" is meant a room or cioset in which
no white light can enter. It  is imperative that r.rot
the ieast ray should enter,  f or should the sensitive
surface of the film be lighted for a fraction of a second
 it wor,rld be completely ruined. A light from the rubl'
lamp furnished with the Developing and Printing Out-
 fit, will not affect the film if  it is not held closer than 18
inches.
  Arrange three trays-orle of them filled with water,
the second filled with sufficient amount of Developer to
flow oler the film, and placing in the third, Fixing Bath
made fronr Kodak Acid Fixing Powder prepared as
per directions found on original package.
   llnroll the film carefully, not allowing the fingers to
come in  contact with  the
emulsion side, which is the
dull side, and detach the en-
tire strip   f rom the dtrplex
paper. Pass the film through
the tray of clean cold water,
holding one end in each hand,
as shown in the cut.  Pass
it through the water several
times so there will be no bub-
bles remaining on the surface
of  the  filnr. \Vhen it   is
thoroughly rvet development
may be commenced.
 Now pass film through the developer in same lnallner
as described for wetting it, keeping it constantly in mo-
tion. Dark spots soon appear, which are termed "high-
lights" and soon the objects will be discernible
 The process of development can be ascertained by
                                                                                                                             tlIt

removing the film occasionally and holding it in range
 with the ruby light. If the negatives are all of the same
 exposure developmeltt can be completed without cutting
 the negatives apart. If, however, one or more of the
 negatives flash up more quickly than others, they should
 be cut out of tl-re strip with a pair of shears and trans-
 ferred back to the tray of ciear cold water rvhere they
may remain until the balance of the strip has been
 developed, and then they can be developed one at a time.
 It takes usualll' from 5 to 10 minutes for development,
according to the amount of exposure.
  lVhen sulhcient density has been obtained, wash the
negatives thoroughly and place them in the Acid F'ix-
ing Bati-r made from Kodak Acid Fixing Powder, pr€-
pared as per directions on the package, until the creamy
appearance has disappeared. This usuall1' requires from
5 to 10 nrinr.rtes. Then remove and rvash them thor-
oughiy in clear running water from 20 to 30 minutes,
It is very important that all traces of h1-po be removed
o.r stains rvili appear after drf ing zrrrd ruin the nega-
trve s.
  The film is \-on-Curliug, r,r'hich is coated o1r both
sides,-it shoulcl be pinned rlp ro clry after having been
thorc-rughly  rn ashed, ancl shorrld be suspencled bv the
corners.  It  mr.rst not be placecl against a flat surfaceas it will stick.
  Use all cold solutions and employ ice in extremely
hot weather. The temperature of the develooer should
be from 65" to 68".
          Developing in Daylight
 We recommend the Kodak Film Tank, as the entire
process can be accomplished in daylight and the work
of developing is much more simplified.
  The general results obtained by the Film Tank are
far better than the work done in dark-room.
 _ A11 films, are put up with instmctions how to prepdiethem for development in the Tank Developer.
                            j5

www.butkus.us

     The Common Causes of Failure
 UNDER-EXPOSURES are caused by making in-
stantaneous shots in the shade, iudoors, early or late in
the day, or when the light is not sufficiently strong to
fully impress the object or view upon the seusitive
surface of the film.
 An under-exposure is easily detected in development
by the image appearing very slowly; while it is impos-
sible to obtain great detail, the negative cart be im-
proved by adding a quantity of fresh developer.
 OVER-EXPOSURES are caused by too nruch light.
 An over-timed exposure is easily detected by the film
darkening eveuly as soon as placed in the developer,
with no contrast or deep shadows. The negative can
be improved by weakening the developer with water or
by adding a small quantity of a ten per ceut. solution of
Bromide of Potassium; but should the Bromide be used
the developer is ruined for other negatives, unless they
are known to be over-exposed.
  UNDER-DEVELOPN'f ENT.  An  under-developednegative is very thin and full of-  detail; the difference
can readily be seen from one under-exposed.
 An under-developed negative cau be improved to quite
an extent by intensifying with Eastman intensifier, fol-
lowing directions given on each tube.
 OVER-DEVELOPI{ENT  is caused by allowing the
negative to remain in the developer longer than it should'
 An over-developed negative will appear very strong
and intense, and reqttires a long time to print.
  For reducing use Eastman reducer. Explicit direc-
tions on cach tube.
 FOGGED NEGATIVES are caused by leakage of the
dark-room, or by holding the negative too long in the
ruby light. This causes the film to darken soou after
placing in the developer.
  AIR BUBBLES beneath the film while developing or
fixing cause spots, aud streaks are produced by allowing
                               16

a part of the material to remain uncovered in some of
           the solutions.
         When sending film to us for finishing pack secureiy
         and mark as follows:
              EASTMAN I(ODAK CO.,
  t                             Rochester. N. Y.
  t      Do not neglect to put your owlr name and address  I       upon the wrapper; also write us under separate cover  !          stating what you are sending, advising if you wish the
           film cleveloped, or developed and printed. For price list
         of this \r,ork, see page 24.
                   Printing on Solio Paper
             Solio paper gives prints having beautiful warm, brown
            tones, arld which are usually mounted on cardboard and
           highly burnished.
;                  Method of Printing
         Open the printing frame of the outfit and lay the
           negative back down upon the glass (the back is the shiny
          side). Place upon this a piece of Solio paper, face
        down. Replace the back of the frame and secure the
          springs. The back is hinged to permit of uncovering
           parc of the print at a time to inspect  it without destroy-
         ing its register with the negative. The operation of t           putting in the sensitive paper must be performed in a
         subdued light, that is to say, in an ordinary room, as I        far as possible from any window. The paper llot usec
         must be kept covered ir-r its envelope.
         The printing frame, when fiiled as directed, is to be
           laid glass side up, in the strongest light possible (sun-
            light preferred) until tire light passing through the hega-
           tive onto the sensitive paper, has inrpiessed the irnage
            sufficiently upon it.  The progress of printing can be
         examined fron-r time to time by removing the frame
        from strong light and opening one-half of the hinged
                                            l7

www.butkus.us

back, keeping the other half fastened to hoid paper from
shifting. The printing should be continued until the
print is a little darker tint than the finished print should
be. Place prints without previous washing ir-r the follow-
ing combined toning and fixing bath:
 2 ozs. Solio Toning Solution; 4 ozs. COLD water.
  Pour toning solution into one of the trays and im-
merse prints, one after the other, in toning bath. Five
or six prints can be toned together if they are kept in
motion and not allowed to lie in contact. Turn prints
all face down and then face up, and repeat this all the
time they are toning. The prints will begin to change
color almost immediately from reddish brown to reddish
yellow, then brown to purple. The change will be grad-
ual from one shade to another, and toning should be
stopped when print reaches the shade desired.
  Six ounces of the diluted toniug solutiorr rvill tone two
dozen prints; after that a nerv solution should be made
the same as before.
  When the proper shade has been attained in toning
bath, the prints should be trar-rsferred for five minutes
to the  f ollowing salt solution to stop the toning:
       Salt, r oz.; water, 32 ozs.
  Then trar-rsfer prints to washing tray and wash one
hour in running water, or in sixteen changes of water.
  The prints are then ready for mounting, or they cau
be laid out and dried between blotting papers.
'           Printing on Velox Paper
  Eastmalr N. C. irlm negatives  f ield beautiful, sof t
black and white effects when printecl on the Regular
Velvet Velox developing out paper furnished with the
A B C outfit.
                     Manipulation
  Velox prints may be successfully made, usirrg day-
light for exposure. Select a north window, if possible,
as the light from this direction rn'ill be more uniform.
                                18

Ozuitt,g to its sutsitiveness tlte paper'should, be hantlled.
          i1 subducd liglt,  otherwise  ii  zuitt be tiabte to  f og.         Proper precautions should be takerr to pull down'tlie
        window shades and darken the roonr suffi-ciently                                                                 -orintinlduring            nrarripulatiorr. If  the light is roo srrons for
                it should be subdued or diffused b1,-Owingthe -use of'..u.ru'i           thicknesses of white tjssue paper.         to the uiry-         ing intensity of daylight uniform result-s       ,.,oi i,           certain as when using arrificial light. In the"r.followins
           instructions for manipulating Vei6x,  it must be r"rnderl
a         stood that artificial light, preferabll' gas with a Weis-
           bach. burner, rvill be the light used. -{ kerosene lamD.
             fitted rvith a round burner (lnown as Rochest., Uur".i),
                 bg- us.ed,                     but                                                 clecidedly                                                yellow                                                                           lighi       T?y                         oying J9 the                                                                   "be          this affords,                           considerably.                a                                    longer                                               e*pbsirre                                                                     will
          necessary than rvhen using a'Welsbach  light.
         The comparatil-e exp-osures with \ielox using various          sources of light is as follows:
                Size of   I Distance  *,
              N.g",i.. I i:!il, I "-,li:::'1";i1ir.ful""tii*i*                                 l__     liff'
                                                                           ao s.".                                         I  ,o s...                                                  s...              {;:rfll  '                                                                      I                     7 inches I r" Sec.                                                         |   :o
                         . Having provided a suitable light and a convenient
t         placework to-tabloyolk,in thisarrangeorder three:      tralis before you on your

J               Nepera          Clean Water      x        FixingKodakBathAcidas
                    Solution                                                    directed on
                                                     Towel        pages r4-r5
                                                   I
                                                                                           3
   I            _ Proper temperatrlre is inrportant and for best results
            the. deve_loper shouid be 70 degrees Fahr. and the fixine
         bath and wash water 50 degreEs Fahr. If the develooei
         exceeds 70 d_egrees_the prints are liable to fog and-ihe
         emulsion soften. If  too cold, chemical acti6n-l       is rel          tarded, resulting in flat, weak prirrt:.
                                                                  lst

www.butkus.us

                   Printing
  Velox may be safely manipulated ten feet from the
ordinary gas flame.
  Havir,g everything in readiness, open thg printing
frame and lay the negative back down upon the glass-
(the back is the shiny side). Place upon the negative
a sheet of the Velox paper face dowu.
  The paper curls slightly, the face or sensitive side be-
ing coniave ; an absolute test is to bite the corner of thesheet; the sensitive side will adhere to the teeth'
  T4. paper not used must be kept covered in  its
ellveiope.
  Place the printing frame the correct distance from the
artificial light used-, holding the frame away from the
burner a distance equal to the diagonal of tke negatiae'
See exposure table, page 19.
 We suggest before making the first exposure the cut-
ting of Jpiece of Velox paper into strips about an inch
wide aud placing one of them over an important part
of the neiative, make the exposure, using your best
judgment is to the distance from the light.and the time
bf printing. Develop it, and if not satisf actory try
anoth"r strip, varying the time as indicated lly the first
result. Wh-en the desired effect is secured' you can
make any uunber of prints from the same llegative,-and
if the time of exposure, distance from light as well as
the time of developit-rg-    are identical, all the prints shouldbe equally good. By comparing your other uegatives
rvith ihe one you have tested, you will be able to make
a fairly accurate estimate of exposure required by any
negative.
  After taking the exposed piece of paper from  . the
                                                                                    isorinting frame-, in a safe place previorrsly selected, it
ieady Tor development.-in    The dry print shorrld he im-mersed face up    the developer (Tray.No.     and                                                             -l) crrricklv and evenlv covered with the solution' Regular
 telox"should be d-eveloped not to exceed twenty seconds,
 Special Velox abottt twice as long; no exact time can
                           20