Buckeye No 1 and 2 User manual

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 [rusTRuSrJoNs

        FoR USING    $





TITFBUCKEYE

         CAMERA.

The Arnerican
    Camera Mfg. Co.





                    IANUFAC?I]R.ERS OF

Elnn0nflPlr0 aPH[[rU$
     AND SUPPLIES.
   w
  NORTHBORO, MASS.
            u. s. A.

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       MAKING ANY EXPOSURES,ffiEFORE                   .wE.'h,  oR CONNEC.|INGTIIE FII,I['     AD\rISE ALI/                                         .WITEWHO AnE NOl'TIIOROUGIILY ACQUAINTED
TIIE METIIOD OF OPER,A'IING TIIE CAMEITA TO
R,EAD CARDFULI,Y TIIE FOLLOWING PAGES OF
INSTR,UCTIONS.
   SEiI TI1AT YOU UNDERSTAND OPERATING THE
SHUTTI]II FO[I, TI}TI] OR INSTANTANEOUS $'ORK.
   AI'TE]iTHE FII,M HAS BEEN WOUND-INTOPOSI-
TIoN. THE SHUTTER SIIOULD NOT BE USED EXCEPT
1VHEN MAKiNG A PICTURE. PREVIOUS TO THAT
fTOWEVItli, IT MAY I]E FREELY EXI)ERIMENTED
WITII,

D

 THE CAMERA WHEN RECEIVED
         ls rcady to open in daylight.
   Carefully inspect the lnterior eonstruetion,  ,,b
and method of operating, to assist in getting , rJgood results from the st,art.                 ,*i"                               g)rr
   CONNECTING THE FILM.
  Draw out the brass slide in lower sicle of
camera. With the left hand hold bottom part
of box and withdraw the top section. The
film having alreacly been placed in position in
the supplJr compartment,, sever the small strip
of gummed paper which holds the end of con_
necting paper down. unroll enough paper fo
go around the back of camera and st,rrt the
e_nd through the opening in the receiving reel.
While doing this be carelul and keep a. tension
on the roll to prevent it unrolling, otherwise
the light ,is liable to get at the sensitive filrn.
Turn the winding-l<ey to the left and wind off
only enough to see that the paper leacler is
entering straight bet,ween the metal pieees on
the ends of roel.  I{olci the supply roll from

.6
revolvlng and turn key to ihe left until the
paper is drawn tight. Without allowing paper
 t,o relax, drop the top soction into lower part
of box and press in the slide, securely fasten-
ing the 6wo parts of eamera together. Con_
tinue turning winding-key to left until figure
1 is seen through red opening in back of eamera.
'l'his indicates the film has come into position
and we are no\tr ready to make the lirst ex-
posure.
 Nnvns A'rrEMpT to photograph a subject
where you have to point the camera tou.ard
the sun.
  MAKING THE EXPOSURE.
  fnstantaneous expogures can only be suc-
eessfully made when direcb sunlight is shin_
ing on objects to be photograohed. It  is
therefore best to make such exposures. be-
tween I A. M. arrd 3 P. M. yet it is possible,
especially during the. summer months, and
under favorable conditions of light, to get
fairly good instantaneoue results earlier or
later in the day than houru named.
  Having selected a subject, hold the oamera
firmly againsr the body, or, betrer still. rest

7                                '.
                      it on something rigid if eonvenient to do so.
             Looking now into the liltie. glass ,f"A"" *"              Bee a riiniature image of the-subject rvhich u.e
                 will get in much larger size on the film.
              For illustration, if we were photographing
             a building which just fills the tinder, ir, would
              cover the entire  il 1-4 x B 1_4 opening in baci< of
            camera and be as large a picture as we could           make of the buiiding.
              In cpxrne of slot where shutter release
             works, a small brass pin is placed. Noting
            which side of this the shutter rele:rse stands.
              (.AREFULLv press it by the pin oplrosite enj
                of slot,, thus causing shutte" to opun and close,
                 a.nd your first, exposure is made. Turn wincl-
              ing-key to left unril llgure 2 is seen in centre
               of opening and you at.e ready for the second
             exposure. Continue thus exposing until the
              entire roll is used. When last exposure is
             made, turn wincling-key to left as long as it
                     rvill turn, thus winding a number of thicknesses
               of tho block paper over last exirosure.
                                                                                                                                                                                  DN:email=mike@butkus.org,Date:cn=Mike2022.03.19signedButkus,by23:45:19Mikeo=ButkusButkusc=US-04'00'camera manuals, ou=butkus.org,                           Mike Butkus             Digitally
           Removing Exposed Roll from Camera,
F           Remove top from lower part of camera aB

F

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described on page 5, cut the end of paper cleai                                    and                     up tightly                                       it                 wind           spool.     supplyfrom                     -roll                                     of gummed                                 strip                       with                  to        tfre endfasten
paper. Turn winding-key to the srotr'r, Pul-
iing tigtttly as you turn'  After live or six
            the pin will withdraw from box'
                                  of spool and mark""*IolotiootRemove the rachet ou end
roll plainly-Exposed.  It is now ready for
oeveioping. Draw out the pin now holding
 empty'spool in supply compartment and place
 the ratchet on end of this spool' drop t'his in t'he
 receiving compartment, being careful to have
 the rachet, drop on to the pawl' lteplace the
 winding-key, turning carefully  t'o the LnFT'
 Place new carrridge in the supply compart"
 ment and proceed on as previously directed'
  Norn-One end of the Cartridge is stamped Top' This
 end must go to tho sitle of Carnera where rvtnding key is
  located.
  Our lnstructlons thus far for making ex-
 posures have referred entirely to instantaneous
 work. thould we desire t'o take in-door or
 out-cloor pictures where we have no direct'
  sunlighto   ti-"  exposure must be made' To            "           in-door time exposure plbce the make an
 camer& on something rigid' A tripod is made

11   i
  OUT,DCOR TIME EXPOSURES.
    Bright           day,               subject                      in                         shade, eolor                                        light._ Open^      and           close                                               .I.his                 shutter                       q"i"Uiy.                                can be
 done by pulling out time rtop, pressing shutter
 release, and as soon as you hear the shutter strike the time stop, pull the release back again.
  Dark day subject, dark color, give one seeond exposure.
  Dark day subject, light color, give> -- one_halfv'rv'orr seco'dexposure.
                                                                                                                                ,-r  The tondency with most all beginners in
 making out-rloor time exposures is to over- expose. While the foregoing instruetions are
 given aB accurately as po.,riil",-failures may
 occur, even though you follow them closely. ff you will note down tfre conOitions under
which an exposure is made and caretutty com-pare the         negative                 with                     same, the cause"rluDv vroffailure      can            usually be                 aeterminlo.
  I]EVELOPING AND PRINTING.
 Many amateurs either do not have the time,of i,cllnation, to finish up their own work.


                                  \

13
single ray of light to enter. Should you have
a room suitable. excepting the entrance of a
few rays of light, cover such places with black
paper or cloth.
   If you can select a room in whieh you have
running water it is desirable to do so. Provide
a large pitcher of clean, cold rvarer (use ice'
water during summer) a siop basin, palr of
Iong, sharp scissors, a tight wooden box, witlt
slide eover, and developlng utensils. Light
your rrby iamp, first placing a sheet of orange
paper over the giass t,o soften the rays.
   Cutting up Fitm for DevcloPment2
  HavinE taken the fflm into the dark roomt
#e breat< the seal of an exposed cartriclge and
unwind the paper ulltil we reach tire fiim, cut
off the paper close up to the fllm. Holdlng the
cartrldge r.tRMLY by ends lu the left harrdt
grasp the paper and flIm t,ogether and pull out
one or more exposures as fotl ma;r desire, wlth
the scissors cut now both film and paper on
 the LrNEs BETwEEN the ffgures. Cont,inue  irr
 this manner until entire roll is cut up.
  Norn,-If a person ls using 4xB traysr the erposures
 shoultl be cut sinrllr', if rrsing a tray large enough for two
 of morer they  rrra-t' I e crtrt at:corrlittgly'
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  Place fflms in light, tight box while mixing
developer and fixing solution. It is the better
way however, to mix these solutions before
 cutting rrp the film.

        DEVELOPING.

  Dissolve one of the Metol developing pow-
ders, such aB we furnish with our out,fit, in
four ounces of water and pour into what, we
will call the developing tray.  Place this tray
direct,ly in front of your lamp, to the, right  of
this place a tray with clear coid water in  it.
To the left and next, to the developing  tray,.                                                                   tanother tray of clear water, and to the lef t of
this another tray which we will call the Hypo
tray.  Place about t,wo ourrces of Hypo in this
tray and  lill it nearly full of water. Place the
fflms now one after the oi;her in the right hand    .
tray of water, being careful that each one is
Trrol,ouerrr,v wet before another is placetl on
top of it.  'fhe films should be handled through
the entire process of developing, face or emul-
sion side down. Allow fiIms to remain in this
water five or ten minutes, until they become
pliable. Place one of the fllms now in develop-

r.6
lng tray faee down,'-Bee that developing solu-
tion entirely covers the fllm, and rock the tray
gently as the development proceeds. In about
one minute the lmage will commence to show.
Continue developing until the high lighta
become black. Remove them to left hand tray
of water for a few minutes, then place in Hypo
tray. Allow negatives to romain in Hypo
until the yellowish color disnppears, glvirtg
you n eleor, bright negative. It is hetter that
tho lilmsremaln a little LoNcDa in llypo than
to remove them before they become thoroughly
fixed. They shoull next be washed in running
water not lcss than thirty minutes,ior'in eight
or ten changes of water. After flthel'negatives
are thoroughly waehed, plnce them [ln follow-
ing solution: Water 10 oz., Glycerine l-2 oz.
Allow them to remain in this solution ten
minutes. This will tend to keep them flat
when dry. Remove from Glycerine solution
and pin down by four eorners,to clry, emulsion
eide up.        prJfusl a5
  Occasionally during development the film may
be held in front of the ruby light to get a better
idea of the way  ir' is progressing. Allorv it  to
remaln in front of the light only a moment,
as even this light would in tlme injure it.

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   Continue thus developing with eutire iot.
 Avoid getting even the smallest amount of
 Ilypo into the other trays. Mark }Iypo and
 Devcloping Trays so you can tell them, and
 use them for no other purpose.
   After a little practice a number of fflms can
 be placed in de-veloper at the same time, being
 careful to separate them and iock t,he trai! gently during development.
    DEFECTIVE NEGATIVES.
  By carefully following the directions piten,
one will usually have success. Shouid you
have failures they can be traced to one or
more of the following causes;
  Unngn Exposrinn. _ Cause, weak light, try_
ing to make snap-shot in shade, or not allow-
 ing quite en< ugh time when maliifig a time
exposure. Negatives in this case would come
up ve ry slow and har e no detail in shadow.
 UNonn Dpvpr,cpunNT._Cause, fllm  not
allowed to remain in developer long enough,
or developer t,oo weak. Result thin negatiiej
lacking in contrast.





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                          17

  ()vnn Ekposunp.-Cause, in an instantaneous
exposurc extremely bright light, picture taken
over or on tirc wa[er front, in a timc exposure
allorving shuttrrr to rcrnairr open longer than
rt'quired time. Result irrrage conres     very
rapidly, and then becornes all one colorl"p when
tixed, is weak and lackirrg.in contrast. An
ovcr exposure.gometimt,s can be saved if  re.
rnoved quickly from regular developer, and
aftcr rinsing in watrrr, continue dcvclopment
irr an old solutiorr of developer,  if no old on
harrd, nrix a weak solutiou of new about one-
half strength.

 Ovnn Dnvrr,opnENr,-Caugc   fillrr allowt,d
to remain too long in dcveloper. Rr,sq16 t,r'*-
ativrr is very dense with ail detail lost in high
light.

  THE .'BLUE PRINT'' PROCESS.

 The Ferro-Pruesiate pa,per ..more oommonly
called Biue Print Papcrtt l'urnishcd with
devekrping arrd printing outtit, gives you





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the quickest and rnost simplc way of securing
llicturtrs from your negativcs.
 Remove the back of  printing frame and
place negative FACE UF or) the glass, place a
shtret of paper with  coaterd eide down in
contact with film and rclrlace the back of
framc, set framt' in sunlight, glass side up.
The progress of printing may be watchcd by
occasiorrally looking in at back of framc. opon-
iug only one-half of the back at a time.  It
is impossible to stater just how long it  will re-
quirr', as all dt'perrds on strength of light arrd
density of negative. The l)al)er should turrr
quittr dark as it bleaches out in washing.
  After the prints are taken frorn frame they
should be washed in runnirrg watrrr one-half
hour or in eight, or ten ehanges of clearr watcr,
place betwt-'en blottcrs t,o dry.  This pal)er,
while.nothing like as sensitive as thc film,
should not bt: allowed to rt'mairr  irr the light,
in placing  it  in franre seleet, a dark part of
room to work in, afler printing tht'y rnay bc
plact'd in light,  tight  box, or betwcen rho
loaves of a book until ready to wash.
   Siiver or Aristotype prints may be obtairred
by scnding D0gatires t() us, ()r orre nlay mzrke

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     THE 4x5ei,JirnvE.

  The 4 x 5 Regular Buckeye is operated in
same manrrer as the 3 1-2 x 3 l-2 with following
exceptionsl the lens must be adjusted for
taking objects at various distances from you.
At the front of Camera is a scale marked
6--10-25-100. These figures represent feet.
For illustration, if an object is ten feet from
you and you desire to photograph it, move the
focusing lever so that the ttacx EDeEt is even
with flgure ten, and it is then in focus for that
distance. In same manner  it' is adjusted for
the other distances.                                     t    It is much more important to estimate the
dist,ance and set focusing lever accurately on                                           1objects which are near your than for distant,
viows.
   Inwithdrawing top section from lower part
of camera, always set focusing lever at  6.
The time sbop, in place of being at right of
shut[er release. is on the left, side.

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2t

    The Improvcd Special Buckeye,
            'Using Plates and Filmr.
 Is operated the same as the regular, except
 the manner of preparing for loading and un_
 loading, and one or two other improvements.
 fnstead of withdrawing the Camera body
 from the outer case, the back is removed by
 unfastening the spririg cateh aud opening
 the sides.
  When supplied with double plate-holders
 and desiring to use them, the square frame in
 the back of Camora, as well as the back. must
be removed, which is done by pressing it
down by the lower edge until <iisengaged from
 catch at top.
  To load the plate-holders,-select a dark
closet, one abeolutely dark, and if any light
lea,ks in, ,around the door or corners, hang
something over them.     FlIh vs. tS
  Light the ruby lamp and place a sheet of
orange or "post officett paper in front of  it
to soften the light. Then open the box of dry
plates, remembering that any other light than
that from the ruby lanbern will inetanily ruirr



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them. Draw out the slides ot plate-holder,
lneert a plate in eaoh elde, with the coated or
dull side uppermost and replace the slidee.
  In fllling the holders, be sure to put the
platee in proper poeition. hrsh the lower
odge of plates well down agalnst the epring in
bottom of holder, and preaa the top in under
the oorner pieeee. Cover any r€meining plates
before leaving the room.
  Next ineert plate-holder in the camer& in the
Bame mannarand in the same position that the
frame had ocoupied. When ready to make
the exposure, draw the slide wbioh ie next to
the leng from the plate-holder, aim the camera
and press the epring in the ueual wey. Then
ineert the elide with the blaek eide next to the
lene.
  For the next picture, remove the plate-
holder and ineert tt agein with its other eide
next to the lens, and make exposure in the
manner just described.
  The plate holder ehould be attaehed eo that
tJre eldes withdraw from the right.
  lbe improved time etop used with the 4x 5
Buokeye hae been intnodueed into the Improved
Speoial,3 1-4 x3 l{.   lbia diepeneee with tJre
neoessity of ueing a plug. This Improved stop

23
is loeated to the left and in front of the vie\r
finder, and is operated by pulling as far out as
possible when time pictures are required.
This will stop the shutter in the .centre when
sprung, leaving tho lens exposed; and when                                                                                     i
desired to end the expoaure, push the spring in
the opposite direction.

DIPECTIONS


                        FOR
              DE VE LOPM E NT
                    OF THE
"Tu-      fl*urican" rFil*,
                {5€>{g
            PYRO. DEVELOPER:-
        Solution No. l.                    ^5olution No. 2.
Sulphite of Soda    2  oz.  Carbonate of .Soda
Pyrogallicr\cid.        zdrs.        ( Cys. )               r! oz.
Distilled Water .    20 oz.   Distillecl Water  . . 20 oz.
  For Cutting the Film, see directions supplied with your
camera or roll holder.
 To Develop, take equal parts of No. r and No. z in a
quantity sufficient to make the solution about half an inch
deep in the cleveioping tray. Put the films in the developer
face dor,vn, one at a time. I)evelop until the high lights
become black ancl intense, ancl the details are well brought
out in the shadorrs.