Film cameras
Buster Brown Folding User manual
User manual for Buster Brown Folding. 20 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
20 pagesEnglish1.5 MB PDF
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Document details
- Brand
- Buster
- Model / document
- Buster Brown Folding
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 20
- File size
- 1.5 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 5 · Read text
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Loading the rvinding-k.y, by placing the axle in the slot of the spool while same is held slightly at an
with Film angle, then pressing gently with the thumb on
Select a position, preferably at a table, on the upper flange of the spool until the spool goes
which to rest the camera and where the light is
subdued. For the sake of precaution the load-
ing should never be done in the glare of bright
sunlight.
Press down the spring catch at the handle
end of the camera and slide out the back of the {camera. This will give access to the filrn rt-
ceptacles. .
Inserting
the Cartridge
Inserting the Cartridge
The inside of the back of the camera consists
of a focal plane-that is, the square opening, a
next to which comes the film while making the down sufficiently to clear the winding-key and be-
picture, and two chambers or recepfacles to hold + comes engaged with it. Be sure that the spool
the spools, nam6ly, the film spool and the wind- does engage perfectly with the winding-key. In
ing spool. The lower axles to hold the spool the same,wajz the film cartridge is inserted in
in both the film receptacles move up and down * the opposite receptacle, but in such a way thatby rneans of a spring. The empty spool or wind- the black paper will unwind from the top part
ing reel is inserted in the chamber which has of the roll or film cartridge.
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Threading the Be careful to start tlze paper slraig/tt. ,If the
Black Paper paper does not wind true, the film will overrun
Hold the camera lengthwise, and with the the flanges, causing no end of trouble.
thumb of the left hand, press gently on the film Replace the back of the camera, making
cartridge to keep the spool from unwinditg ; then everything secure. Remember, however, that
with the riglrt hand, cut the white paper binder. 'f.3 theaboutfirstz5filmhalf isturnsnot yetof thein position.key to bringIt willN o. taker in I
I front of the red window.
The film must be wound slowly, so as to stop
the moment the number comes exactly opposite ,J the window.
When figure r registers, it shows that the first
section of film is in position for making an
exposure.
The Shutter
u !o meet with success it is necessary to be- Threading the Black PaPer
come familiar with the operation of the shutter.
*, The shutter controls the rapidity with which
Unwind slowly until the black paper reaches the the picture is taken, and the rapidity must vary
rvinding spool, threading the paper in the slit according to the strength of the light and the
of the spool. The rvinding-key is then turned size of the opening in the lens. * sufficiently to secure the paper and to keep it as The graduated pJate at the top of the shutter
taut as possible. l is for the purpose of regulating the rapidity.
6
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The dial is marked : T., B. and I. B. stands for what is called bulb exposure,in
T. on the dial stands for time exposure of any such camerasas are worked with a ,ub-berbulb.
duration. It is controlled by pressing the lever In the case of this camera,the same sort of ex-
posure is done by pressingthe rever,continuing
the pressure as long as th. .*posure lasts,
releasingthe pressureto croseihe shutter. "rrI
tr I. standsfor instantaneousexposure. By press_
ing the lever, the shutter opens and closes
*# quickly.
Diaphragms
The name diaphragms or stops is given to that
www.orphancameras.com part of the shutter which controls the size of the
opening of the lens.
The size of the opening in the lens is of great
importance.
The numerals on the metal plate at the bottom
of the shutter, indicate the size of the opening,
according to the universal system. + Before rnaking an exposure, the indicator at
the bottom of the shutter must be brought ex-
on top of the shutter next to the graduated scale. ryf' aclly opposite to the desired opening; and for
One pressure opens the shutter and another ordinary snap-shot work it stroua b; opposite
pressure closes it. No. 16.View original page 7Page 8 · Read text
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The scale indicating the(ize of the opening with a lens that is always in focus, no matter
of the lens is marked, t6, 32, 64 and rz1. In what the distance may be; therefore it requires
other words, one opening is double the size of no focusing; but pictures should never be made
the other successively. nearer than six feet away from the camera.
The change from one diaphragm to the other To take instantaneous pictures the object
exactly doubles the time of exposure. should be in the bright sunlight. The sun, how_
As stated before, No. 16 diaphragm should.be ever, should be behind the back or over the
used for ordinary instantaneous work. shoulder of the operator. Aim the camera at
the object to be photographed and locate the
image in the finder, which is on the bed of the 'Ihe
camera. finder reverses so as to be avail_
Instantaneous able for horizontal and perpendicular views.
Exposures The finder shows the scope of view and is a
( S n a p - S h o t s ) miniature facsimile of what the picture will be.
First-Press the .orr.""l"d button and lei When ready for making the exposure be sure
down the front of the camera. that the speed indicatbr of the shutter is opposite
I., and that the indicator for the opening of the Second-Unclamp the front of your camera
lens is opposite No. r6. Hold the camera steady by turning the lever parallel with the,bed, and p and as nearly level as possible. press the lever draw your bellows until the front of your camera
as explained, and the picture will be taken. engages with the automatic spring catch on the
bed of the camera. We must caution the operator that to photo-
The making of snap-shots with this camera is , graph a high building at close range, it is neces-
extremely simple from the fact that it is fitted sary to secure a position in an opposite building,,
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which will permit the camera being pointed at Time Exposures
the center of the perpendicular lines of the build-
ing. If attempt is made to photograph a high Set the camera in such a position that the
building while standing nearby by pointing the finder will embrace the view desired. The
camera upwards, the side lines of the building camera should not be pointed direct at a window,
will converge toward the top in the photograph,' as the glare of light will blur the picture. If all
the windows cannot be avoided, pull down thethus spoiling the Picture.
shades of such as come within the range of the If the object be low down, like a small child +i camera. The camera should be placed on aor a dog, the camera should be held low, level
l tripod, table or other firm support. Center thewith the center of the object. * object in the finder and set the shutter at T.
One pressure will open the shutter and another
Bringing New Film willdeal closea matterit. Theof practicelength ofandexposurejudgmentis aandgreatis
in Position governed by the amount of light upon the ob-
This is done by turning the key slowly to thei ject to be photographed. The length of exposure
right until the next number appears before tl're is controlled by the size of the opening of the
red window. lens used. The following estimate will be found
Repeat the foregoing operation,for each suc- of assistance to the beginner.
cessive picture until the whole film cartridge is The table given is figured on the exposures ,*
exposed. being made between the hours of ro a. vr. and
It is good practice to wind the film for the 3 p.M., and using diaphragm No 16. If the stop
next exposureimmediatelyafter taking a picture' 'No. rz8 is used, give 4r times the time of the
This rvill avoid the possibility of making two * table. The smaller the stop, the sharper the
exposureson the same film. picture.
13
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parties, groups around a dinner or card table, Second-Remove the back of the camera as
or interiors that are impracticable by daylight before described on page 4. I
either by reason of the lack of illumination or Third-Hold the paper taut so as to wind because there are windows in the direct line of tightly, dnd turn the key until the paper is all view which cannot be darkened sufficiently to ont the reel.
prevent the blurring of the picture. The safest
thing to use is a lamp fry burning pure mag- Fourth-Hold the cartridge tightly with one
nesium, of which there are many in the market. hand to prevent the paper from loosening, and
The camera should be adjusted the same as for fasten down the black paper by means of the
time exposures, and placed on a tripod or upon gummed'sticker that will be found at the end of
some other stationary support. Place the flash-. the reel. lamp back of the camera and a little to one dlde t
-that is, forming an angle with the camera. Developing The shutter should be set for a'time exposure, t and opened. The picturb is then taken by set- Films may be taken to the nearest dealer to
'be ting off the flash, aTter which fhe bulb is again developed. This work is done by the dealer
pressed to close the shutter at a comparatively small cost. We recommend, however, that the amateur do his own work, as I
it will be- found very interesting and simple to
Removing the Film do.
No dark-roornis requiredin changingthe spool There in the market to de-
in the Folding Buster Brown. The operation velop film"r.in daylight."onliivancesOne is a tank developer
should,however,be performed in subduedlight. and the other a developing machine.
First-When the last section qf the film has The Ansco non-curling film, which we assume been exposed,turn the key about six half turns. f will be used with Folding Buster Brown cameras,
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Fifth-Hold this roll by the end with thumb There is no harm in having your negatives
and second finger of the left hand,and take hold of different density. This can be corrected in
of the free end with the right. Place the film in printing. The difference in density does not
the developer and at once affect the difference in contrast.
begin to pull the film from
the ro1l, holding the film Keep the strip which is being developed con-
down in the developer with stantly in motion, allowing the developer to actthe index finger of the left + from five to ten minutes. l
hand. When the whole t .
length has been unrolled, The progress of development may be watched
i by holding the negatives up to the lamp fromtake hold of the last end
of the fihn with the left time to time.
h a n d , a . n d , u s i n g b o t h
hands, pass the fihn back Sixth - To avoid transparent spots, after
and forth through the de- having passed the film through the developer
veloper. Keep it constantlY the first time, face down, reverse it and pass it
in motion, and in about through face up, and hold the film dorn'n in the
one minute the highlights tray, drawing the film through the developer
will'begin to darken and under the hand. This will break all the air
you will readily be able to distingr-rishthe bubbles. Transparent spots are caused by air
bubbles adhering to the film during development. unexposedsections between the negatives,and l
in about two minutes wiil be able to distinguish Seventh-After complete development, cut the objects in the picture. Complete development 4 negatives apart'with a pair of shears, rinse two in the strip by giving sufficient length of de- t or three timse with clear, cold water, and trans- velopment to bring out what detail you can in fer to the third tray.
the thinnes, r1l"rtu.r.
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This bath may be'made up at any time in the water acting evenly upon it; or it may be lIIIadvance and may be used so long as it retains given two changes of water as above, and then
its strength or is not sufficiently discolored by left for an hour. in a tray or in a bowl with a l
developer carried into it to stain the negatives. very gentle stream of water running in and out.
Pass the film face down through the fixing
solution, holding one end in each hand. Do Drying Non-Curling
this three or four times and then place one end I Film Negatives
of the fihn in the tray, still face down, and lower
Attach an Ansco film clip to each end of thethe strip into the solution in folds. If the nega-
film and hang it up on a line, being careful thattives have been cut apart, immerse them singly. ,'f
neither side comes in contact with anything.Gently press the film where the folds occur-
For drying, non-curling films should be cut upnot tightly enough to crack it-down into the
into strips not more than six exposures in lengthsolution a few times during the course of fixing.
-that is, provided the strip consists of twelveAllow the films to remain in the solution two
exposures. If the film has been cut up, pin byor tlrree minutes after it has cleared or after the
one corner to the edge of a shelf or hang themilky appearance has disappeared ; then remove negatives on a stretched string by means of afor waslring.
bent pin, running the pin through the corner of
the film to the head, hooking it over the string.
Washing Always keep finished negatives flat. Do not
* roll them up.
There are several ways of washing film. It
may be placed in a tray or a wash bowl of cold Defective Negativeswater and left to soak for five minutes each in
five changes of water, alternating occasionally If the beginner follows the instructions in this
the different strips or pieces of film to insure book, he should succeed with at least 75 per
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cent. of his negatives; but he should know what Over Development
the common causes of failure are.
Is caused by leaving the negative too long in '
Under Exposures developer. In this case the negative is very strong and intense by transinitted light, and requires a
Are caused. by making instantaneous pictures very long time to print. The remedy is obvious.
in places where the light is not sufficiently strong
to impress the object or view upon the sensitive
surface. It is detected in development by the Under Development
image appearing very slowly and by the lack Is caused by removing the film from the devel-
of detail in the shadows. In such an event, it v oper too soon. It differs from an under exposed
is desirable to transfer the film to a weak devel- negative in that it is apt to be thin and full of
oper, and thus prolong development as much as detail, instead of harsh and lacking in deiail.
possible.
Fogged Negatives
Over-Timed
Negatives Are caused by white light reaching the dark- room; or by holding the negative too long and
These are easily detected by the film darken- too near the ruby lamp.
ing evenly as soon as placed in the developer ;
lacking in contrast or deep shadows. By acting Printing onpromptly, the negatives can be saved by adding
Royal Papera ro per cent. solution of bromide of potassium.
Bromide having been added to the developer, it In the outfit will be found what is known as a
will not do for any other negative, unless it be printing frame. Open the back of the printing
known to be over-exposed. frame, place the negative on the glass, with the
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dull side up, then place the paper facing the dull Complete directions for toning the prints are
side of the negative, replace the back of the furnished with each package of paper, but the
frame, and secure with the springs. simplest and easiest method for the beginner is
by toning his prints with a cornbined bath. We
After adjusting the printing frame as directed, prepare a combined toning and fixing bath,viz.,
place same with the glass side up in the strongest Anthony's Aristotype Toning and Fixing Solu-
tion, which may be purchased from any photo-sunlight possible. Allow the frame to remain in t
this light until the image is sufficiently impressed graphic dealer f.or z5 cents per eight-ounce
on the sensitive paper. Print several shades bottle.
darker than the finished picture is desired. It
bleaches in the toning solution. # Place a small quantity of this solution in a
tray, sufficient to cover the prints prepared for
The process of printing rnay be examined by toning, and allow them to remain in this bath,
opening one-half of the frame. The back of the at the sarne time keeping the prints in motion
frame is hinged expressly for the purpose of until the desired tone is obtained. Sepia and
examining the print, and one-half of the printing brown tones are obtained by allowing thern to
frame should remain secure when the examina- remain only a short time in the toning bath.
tion is taking place. If the entire back were Olive, purple and darker Jones by allorving the
to be taken off after the printing had progressed, prints to remain a greater length of time in this
it would be impossible to replace the paper on solution.
the negative and obtain the correct register.
Allow the printing to continue until same is a After the operator has obtained the tone which
shade darker than you wish the finished print is most pleasing in his estimation, remove the
to be. After making one or two prints the oper- prints and wash cornpletely in at least sixteen
ator will read.ily be able to detennine as to the changes of water, or allow same to remain in
depth the printing should be carried' a tray of running water for at least one hour.
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