Film cameras
Kodak Brownie 2a and 3 User manual
User manual for Kodak Brownie 2a and 3. 29 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
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Document details
- Brand
- Kodak
- Model / document
- Kodak Brownie 2a and 3
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 29
- File size
- 2.8 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 2 · Read text
PICTURE TAKING MAKE ENLARGEMENTS
WITH THE
From Your Best Brownie Negatives BROWNIE CAMERAS
Nos. 3 and 2-A
Brownie
LnlarglngT : \ l ' / i - l L/ameras
ARE AS EASY TO OPERATE
AS ARE TTIE BROWNIES
.A,ND' THEY MAKE SPLEN-
DID ENLARCIEMENTS TOO
Brownie Enlarging C"*"t" No. 3
Makes 6ft x 8l Eniargements
Irom 3r/4 x 4r7{ Negatives
and 5 x8ft Enlargements from Price 10 Cents Zl x a/ Negatives. . --
EASTMAN KODAK CO.
PRICE $3,00. ROCHESTER, N. Y.View original page 2Page 3 · Read text
@ltlFtlrFs,
;IradeKODAI(Mark, 1E88 PICTURE TAKING
EasrMAN Kooar Co. \)I/ITH THE
ROCHESTER. N. Y. BROWNIE CAMERAS
Me.xopactuRERs oF Nos. 3 and 2-A Kodaks
Browaie Cameras
Kodak Film Tanks
Kodak Dry }{ountiug 'l'issue
' Velox Paper
Eastman Solio Paper
Eastntan Ferro-Prussiate PaPer
. llastman Velvet Bromide PaPer
IJastman Royal Bromide Paper
Eastman Standard Bromide I'aPer
Eastman Enameled Bromide PaPer
Eastman Matte-Enameled Bromide Paper
Eastman Platino Bromide Paper
Eastman Non-Cuding Film
Tested Chemicals
'I'ripods and
Otber Specialtles
Price Ten Cents Traile Mad.s Reg. U. S. Patent O6ca
/l4ay, tgre. E A S T M A N K O D A K C O . ,
ROCHESTER,N. y.
www.orphancameras.comView original page 3Page 7 · Read text
opening in the back of the roll hold.er (X'ig. VII), and.
thread. the duplex paper through the slot in the reel as
shown in n'ig. YIII, bei,ng ertremely careful,to haae the
Fre. VI. Flc. YIf.
This will permit the spool to drop fully into the re-
eess; then push the spool pins baek into plaee so film
spool will revolve upon pins.
The wind.ing end may always be distinguished by
the small hole in the side of the roll holder.
Important.
Be sure and get the top of spool at top of rolL holder
(each spool is marked on the end.) when inserting,
otherwise your fllm N'ill eome on the wrong sid.e of
duplex paper lt'hen reeled off and. total failure will
result.
You can readily tell the top side of roll hold.er, as it
eontains the opening in the wind.ing end. through
which the key is inserted in the reel.
5. Now remove the gummed slip that holds d.own
the end. of d.uplex paper and pass d.uplex pa,per across FTO,VItrI.
I
www.orphancameras.comView original page 7Page 8 · Read text
p$per clrctusn straight and true, and. give the spool two 7, Press in on, atrd at the sarne time" ru.rxl t-ft* 'qr''::':
or three forward. turns (to the left from the key end ). ing key until it fits into position, the lr-eb 6i l';'m';: ': 1
The spool may be readily turned by revolving the of l<ey fi"tting into slot in spool end (Fig. XL
flanges of the spool ntth the two thumbs. This is a reversal of operation shou-ll :* F:s :
Caution. page 5.
If you turn off too much of the duplex paper, before 8. Turn the key slowly to the lef t and rn-a:oeb: - i'4
littt* red. wind.ow at the baek of the camera. tr:el -frthe eamera is closed, the film will be uncovered. and.
ruined. to 18 turns have been given, a hand p,rint:r"i :."$s,6,ln
6" The camera is norl- to be closed. reversing the op- the No. 1 exposure will appear' then tur.'r sl-w-y :- -:-
eration shown in tr*igs" I to IV and pages 5, 6 and 7. the fi"gure l appears before the windos'.
fn reinserting the roll hold.er in the outside box, re-
member that the slotted end. of winding reel which
shows through round hole in side of roll hold.er, must
be inserteti so as to come opposite winding key in
otrtside box.
Frc. X.
The fiim is norv in position for taking the
pict'ure.
Load Your Brownie with Kodak Fitrm
Look for this trade mark on the box
LOOK FOR
. . K O D A K ' '
ON THE SPOOL END.
Frc. IX
10View original page 8Page 12 · Read text
s T o P s . In making portraits tvhere the subject is less thsn
cight feet from the camera, use the smallest stop and, I Tnr LrneEsr-For a,ll, ord,inary instcr,ntaneous
tlme accord.ingly. (See page 16). As a general rule etposu/eE.
else the middle stop fol portraits. i Tnn ]Iloor.r - For instantaneous exposures
Kodak Portrait Attachment. when the sunlight is unusually strong and there are
By the use of a Kodak Portrait Attachment this in' no heavy shado*-s;such as i:r views on th.e seashore,
gtrument may be used.'s'ith the sitter at a distance of in extremell high, dry climates or on the water
only three and one half f eet, thus enabling the amateur or in tropical or semi-tropical climates; also for in-
to obtain large head and should.er pictures equaling in terior time exposures, the time for which is given in
size those of an ordinary Mantello photograph. the table on pages 16 and 1?.
The attachment is simply an extra lens to be slipped. 3 Tsn Sullr n3t-For time exposures out doors
lnlensopeningin front-board, and. in no way"affects in cloudy u'eather. s:ot for instq,ntdneous erposures,
the operation of the camer& except to change the The time required for time exposures on cloudy days
focus. Price 50 centb. Be sure and specify what c&mer& with smallest stop rvill range from one-half second to
the attachment is to be used lvith when ordering. flve seconds according to the light. The smaller the
stop the sharper the picture.
Time Exposures in the OPen Air.
When setting the stops alr,vays see that the one to be
When the smallest stop is before the lens the light used is brottght to the center of the Zens where it,admitted. is so much reduced that time exposures out catches,
.of d.oors may be made the same as interiors, but tho
erposure must be much shorter. If you use the smallest stop for instantaneous ex-
'Wrtn Suxsnrxr-The shutter can hardly be opened. posures absolute failure will result.
.and closed quickly enough to avoid. oYer exposrrre.
\N'rrs Lrcrrr Cr,ouos-n'rom one-half to one second
n'ili be sufficient.
Wrrn Ilnlvv Cr,ouns-X'rom two to fve second's
rr-ill be required.
The above is calculated for hours from three hours
.after sunrise until three hours before sunset and. for
objects inthe open air. For other hours, or for objects
in the shad.ow, und.er porches or under trees, no accu'
-rate directions can be given ; experience only can teach
the proper exposure to give.
Time erposures cq,nnot be rnctde uthile the cctmera, is
held, in the ha,nd,. Alwa,ys pla'ce it upon sonxe fr'rm
,|upport, sueh as a' chqir or table. t9
18View original page 12Page 13 · Read text
s E c r r o N 3 . should i:e placed at one side as well as behind, so as to
Flash Light Pictures. thron'a shadorv and give a little relief in the lighting.
By the introd.uction of Eastman X'lash Sheets, pic- The fla-qh should be at the same height or a little
ture taking at night has been wonderfully simplif.ed. higher than the camera. The support upon which the
A package of flash sheets, a piece of cardboard., a pin flash is to be made should not project far enough in
and a match complete the list of essential extras, front of it t'o cast a shadow in front of the Camera. Ao
although an Eastman 8lash Sheet Holder is a great extra piece of cardboard a foot square placed under
convenience. the flash sheet'wiil prevent, any sparks from t'he flash
With flash sheets, no lamp is necessary, there is a doing damage. Ilowevern by using the Eastman Flash
minimum of smoke and they are far safer than any Sheet Eolder, all these contingencies are taken care
other self-burning flash medium, besides giving a of, and we strongly advise its use,
softer light that is less trying to the eyes. Tbe Eastman Flash Sheet Holder
Many interiors can be taken with the flash sheets This holder may be safely held in the hand, aluags
that are impracticable by daylight, either by reason of bettpeen you oncl the flash sheet. Or it may be used
a lack of illumination or because there are windows on any Kodats tripod, being pro-
in a direct line of viery which cannot be d.arkened vided with a socket for this pur.
suffi.ciently to prevent the blurring of the picture. pose. The sheet is held by a spring
Evening parties, groups around adinner or card. table f.nger, in such position that its
or single portraits lnay be readily made by the use of lower corner projects part rvay
our flashsheets, thus enabling the arnateur to obtain across the circular opening in the
souvenirs of many occasions which, but for the flash- bolder, as shown in illustration.
light, would be quite beyond. the range of the art. Then to set off the flash, merely
Pnrp;.p"ltroN FoR rnn X'r,Asn.-The camera should touch a match to the corner of the
be prepared for time exposures, as directed. on page 1b sheet through this opening.
of this manual (except that the largest stop must be Taking the Picture
used,) and. placed on some level support where it will Ilaving the Camera and the flash
take in the view d.esired. sheets both in position and. all being in readiness,
Pinaflash sheet by one corner to a piece of eard- open the camera shutter, stand at arm's length and.
hoard. which has previously been ff.xed. in a perpen- touch a match from behind to the loler corner of the
d.icular position. If the cardboard is white it wiII act flash sheet.
as a reflector and increase the strength of the flash. N O T E - l l y o u a r e n o t u s i n g t h e E a s t m a n F l a s h S h e e t H o l d e r ,
The flash sheet should. a,lu'ctys be placed two feet be- place tbe match in a split stick at least two feet long.
hind. and. two or three feet to one side of the camera. There will be a bright flash which rvill impress the
If placed in front, or on a line with front of Camera. picture on the sensitive film. Then push the lever to
theflash would. strike the lens and. blur the picture. It close the shutter and turn a fresh f.lm into place with
n the key, ready for another picture.
2l
www.orphancameras.comView original page 13Page 14 · Read text
The Flash Sheet as sometlmes seen in large pictures, because the per-
The number of sheets required to light a room varies spective rrortld be too violent.
with the distance of the object fart'hest from the B-lcrcnou.Nt-fn making single portraits or groups, 'the walls and. hangings. care should be taken to have a suitable background"camera, and lhe color of
When two or more sheets are to be used they should. against which the figures will show irr relief ; a light background is better than a dark one, and often abe pinned to the cardboard, one above the other, the single fgure or t'lvo will show up well against a lacecorners only very slightly overlapping. curtain. X'or larger groups a medium wall light r,vill TABLE ,l\ be suitable.
distance ten feetX'or and. light walls and. hangings use The fi,nd,er on the camera will aid the operator in 1 sheet. one No.
x.or ten feet distance and d-ark walls and. hangings use composingthdgroupssoasto get the best effect. In
one No. 2 sheet. ordel to make the image visible in the flnder the roorn
n'or flfteen feet distance and light walls and hangings will have to be well lighted with ord-inary lamplight,
use one No, 2 sheet. which may be lefb on while the picture is being made,
X'or flfteen feet d.istance and dark walls and hangings provided none of the lights are placed so that they
use one No. 3 sheeb. show in the flnd-er.
NOTE-Never use more tban one sheet at a time, in the East- Eastman Flash Sheets burn more slowly than flash,man Flash Sheet Holder.
To Mlxn I Ponrn.a.rr.-Place the sitter in a chair powders, producing a much softer light and. are, there'
partly facing the Camera (which should be at the height fore, far preferallle in portrait work; the subject, horv-
of an ordinary table) and turn the face slightly towards ever, should be warned not to move, as the picture is.
the instrument. The proper distance from the camera not taken insta,ntct'neowsly, a"boat one second being re-
to the subject can be ascertained by looking at the im- quired to burn one sheet.
age in the flnder. X'or a three quarter picture this will Eastman Flash Cartridges
be from 6 to 8 feet. and for a full flgure from 8 to l0 feet.
The flash should be on the side of the Camera away sheets,Eastmanif desired.X'lash Cartridges'We recommendmay be substitutedforthe sheets, ,hot"the
from the face, that is, the sitter should not face it. ever, as more convenient, safer, eheaper and capable of
The flash should. not be higher than the head. of the producing the best results. Thecartridgesareortly su-
sitter. lerior when absolutely insta,'nt<t'neouswork is essential.
X'or using the portrait attachment, see page 18. Keep Dust Out of the Camera
To Marrn -E.Gnoup.-Arrange the chairs in theform ' particles by are often caused of negatives Defectiveof an arc, facing the Camera so that each chair wiII of on the the c&mera. collected inside dust which have
be exactly the same distance from the camer&' Ilalf and settle upon the film in particles that produce small
the persons composing the group should be seated. white spots upon the prints. It is therefbre well to wine out the insid.e of camera
and. the rest should stand behind the chairs. If the occasionallv. with a slishtly damp cloth. In summer
group is large any number of chairs may be used, but weather or-dfter t'he cainera has riemained id.le for any
nonc of the subjects should- be seated on the floor, length of time, this neecls special attention.
ItView original page 14Page 16 · Read text
TheKodakX'ilm Tank consists of a wooden box, a
light proof apron, a t'trangferring reel," a metal
PART IV. " solution cup" in which the flIm is developed., and a
hooked. rod for removing f.lm from solution. There
Developing. is also a d.ummy fllm cartridge with whichoneshould
experiment before using an exposed cartridge. The
There is no necessity of working in a dark room or varioug parts of the outflt como packed in the box
waiting until night to develop fllm. It can be done in itself.
daylight at any time and place. And the daylight
methods of developing fllm give better results than
the dark room way.
Film may be developed in daylight by the KodakX'ilm Tank method. Detailed directions for d.eveloping Tt
will be found in the manual which accompanies the
goods.
'W'e
recommend the koAat FiIm Tank method. par-
ticularly for its simpleness, and. the uniformly good
negatives whieh it gives.
Developing with'the Kodak Film Tank.
Provide a Tft-inch n'ilm Tank for use .with No. 3 or
2-A Brownie X'iIm.
tI
Fra. II.
3'rc. I.
26 27View original page 16Page 25 · Read text
PART VIIL ,llhts bath may be mad.e up at any time in advance
and. be used so long as it retains its strength, or is not
Developer Formulae. sufficiently dlscolored by developer carried into it as
Those who wish to prepare their own developer may to stain negatives.
do so but care must be exercised in securing absolutely If the time of development and. temperature of
pure chemicals and correct.weights. developer have been correct and the exposures within
the latitud.e of the f.lm, good negatives must result,
For 20 Minute DeveloPment. butif error has been madeindevelopment the cause
3)( rNcrr I.INK. and. remed.y wlll be found in the following:
22 grains Pyro.
44 grains Sulphite of Soda, Desiccated. Over'DeveloPment.
44 grains Carbonate of Soda, Desiccated. Overd.evelopmeut may be caused. by a mistake in
Dissolve the chemicals in order named. in f.ve or six leaving films in the developer too long, by using solu'
ounces of lukewarmll'ater. then add cold water to filI tions too warm or by those who mix their own d.evel'
tank to embossed ring. oper in getting the developing agent too strong.
For 10 Minute Development. In this case the negative is very strong and intense
3fu txcn IANK. by transmittett light and requires a very long time to
' 44 grains Pyro. print. The remedy is to red.uce by use of Eastman
83 grains Sulphite of Soda, Desiccated. Reducer or by the following method:
88 grains Oarbonate of Soda, Desiccated. Reducer.
Dissolve the chemicals in order named in flve or six
ounces of lukewarm water, then add cold water to fill First soak negative 20 minutes in water, then im-
tank to embossed ring. merse ln:
Correct temperature of developer 650 Bahr. TV'ater 6 ounces
Eyposutphite of Soda f ovnco Acid Fixing Bath.
I'erri-Cyanid.e Potassium (saturated.
Eastman N. C. Film must always be fixed in an Acid solutioil) 20 drops
X'ixing Bath.
There is nothing superior to the Kodak Acid n'ixing Rock traygentlybackand. forth until negatiYe has
Powders, but the following formule may be used : been reduced. to thqdesired density, then wash 10 min'
'Water - - 16ozs. utesin running water or in four changes of water.
Hypo Sulphite of Soda 4ozs. Negatives may be reduced. locally by applying the
Sulphite of Soda, Desiccated ' %, oz. abovo solution to the dense parts with a oamel's halr
brwh, rinsing ofr bhe reducer with clear t-ater occa" When fully dissolved. add the following hardener: slonally to prevent lts running onto the parts of the Powdered Alum Yeoz, LAoz, negative that do not require reducing. - Citric Acid
/ 4 5
www.orphancameras.comView original page 25Page 26 · Read text
Under-Development.
This defect would be caused by a mistake irr lemov- The Kodak
ing Iilmfrom duveloper too soon, by using solution too
cold or by an error in compound.ing chemicals. It is
obvious that neither of these d.efects will occur inTank Development, if instluctions are properly foi- Correspondence
lowed.
Intensilication by Re-Development College
There are a number of d-ifferent processes for in-
tensifying under-developed. negatives, the most com-
mon being by mearrs of Bichloride of Mercury, and
Sodium Sulphite or Ammonia.
Thismethod, though simple to use, has its disad-
vantages, as it builds up the highlights out of propor- A C<iurse Which Wil[ Increase Your
t'ion to the weaker portions of the negative, and. also, Photographic Pleasure by Helping Youunless carefu"lly handled is apt to produce irid.escent
stains, or granular markings that are impossibleto to make Better Pictures.
remove.
While the method of intensifi.cation by re-develop-
ment is only comparatively new, the now common use
of Yelox and Royal Re-d.eveloper for Sepia tones on
Yelox and Bromid"e prints will make this the most
effective means of intensification.
Tuition two dollars which includes a Velox or Royal Re-developer may be used in exactly
the same manner as for producing Sepia tones on de- handsome cloth bound copy of the School
veloping paper. Text Book
Negatives intensifi.ed by re-development are built
up evenly, without undue contrast and" without the
ehance of staining. ..THE The ad.vantage of being able to use the chemicals for MODERN WAY
two different purposes ( Sepia toning prints or intensi-
fying negatives) is obvious, the result in either case IN PICTURE MAKING''
treing all that could be desired.View original page 26From the M. Butkus archive. Original publisher and archive notices are retained.
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