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Kodak Cartridge No. 4 User manual

User manual for Kodak Cartridge No. 4. 30 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.

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Brand
Kodak
Model / document
Kodak Cartridge No. 4
Document type
User manual
Language
English
Pages
30
File size
2.5 MB
Category
Film cameras
Document date
Not specified in catalog

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       iPICTURE TAKING
                              WITH THE
                       No. 2 anC 2-A
        CARTRIDGEPREM()CAMERAS





                          PUBLISHED BY THE
        EaSTMAN KoDAK CO.
                            Successor/a ROCHESfEft  OPTICAL  CO.,
                      ROCHESTER, N. Y.
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                                  BEFORE LOADING
   ORDER FILM                                                                     Before  taking  any pictures with  either the No.  2 or
                                                                    2-A Cartridge  Premo  Cameras  read  the  following   in-   BY NUMBER                             structions    carefully,   and. make   yourself    perfectly
                                                                                   familiar   with  the instrument,   taking  especial  care  to
                                                                         learn how  to  operate  the shutter.  Work    it  for  both
    All Kodak  Films  may  be distinguished  by               time and instantaneous  exposures  several  times  be-
                                                                                fore threading  up the  film.
the numbers on the ends of the cartons.                     The first and most.important   thing  for the amateur
                                                                                  to bear  in mind  is that the light which  serves  to im-
                                                                      press  the  photographic  image upon the sensitive  film           t2a                                                 in a sma1l fraction  of a second when  it comes through
                                                                        the lens, can destroy  the  film  as quickly  as  it makes
is the number  for  film  for the No. 2 Cartridge                the  picture.   After  the  film  has  been  developed  and
Premo.                                                          a71 deaeloler  thoroughl!  zaashed out,   it may  be quickly
                                                                             transferred   in subdued, white   light   to the fixing  bath
          116                                          ingwithoutand injury.unloading,Throughoutbe extremelyall the carefuloperationsto keepof load-the
is the number for film for the No. 2-A Cart-              theduplexadmissionpapsr woundof iight.tightly  around  the film  to prevent
ridgg Premo.  The number appears on both                   EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY.
carton  and  cartridge.                                                                Successor to
                                                                                             Rocrlrsrpn   Oprrc.rr, Co,,
                                                                                                        Rochester, N. Y.



                                                                                        April,  1916.
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is  the  one  to usc   for   all snap  shots,  except  rvhen the                For a horizontal exposure the camera should be held
sunlight    is unusually   strong,  and  there   are  no  heavy               as shorvn in Fig. 3, page  ll.
shadorvs,  such  as viervs  on  the water,  rvhen  the middle               Any object  that does not shorv in the finder  rvill not
s t o p  n r a y  b e u s c c l .  T h e  s m a l l e s t   s t o p n r u s t  n e v e r  b e             show in the picture.
used  for snap  shots.   (See  Fig.  1, page  10.)                        A11beins in readiness.

                                                                      Hold   the  Camera   Steady   and  Level
                                                                 as shor,vn in Fis.2  or3 and press the shutter lever  ('
                                                                                             (fig.  1) to one side r,vith the thumb  of right hand.
                                                                                             Important
                                                      When making  the exposure, press the shutter lever
                                                                         slozuly to one side so as to avoid jarring the carnera.   If
                                                                        the camera  is not held steadily a blurred picture  rvill
                                                                              result.
                                                                         Turn   New   Film   into   Position
                                                                   Turn the key slolvly to the left until the next nrrmber
                                                                appears  bef ore the window as shown in Fig. 5.





                           F ig, 4.
              IlrTect produced  by  tilting  camera.
   Airn  the camera   at  the  object   to  be  photographecl
:rnc1 locilte   the  image   on  the  finder.    l'here   are   trvo
finders,  one  for   verticzrl   ancl the  other   for  Lrorizontai.
e x p o s u r e s .
  F or a vertical  exposure  the cralnera  shoulcl be helc1 as
sholr-n in Fig.  2, pageIl.
                            l2
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 -_No-rr:-The   warning  index hand. appeafs  only before
 N o. 1 .                                                          A11 being  in readiness, steady  the camera  with  one
  '  Repeat the foregoing  operation  for eaeh picture.                    hand  but do  not  attempt  to hold  it in the hands, and
    If the operator  attempts  to photograph  a  tall build-               push  the lever C slou,lJt to open  the Shutter; give  the
 ing, while  standing  near   it, by  pointing  the camera                 propef  time (using a watch  if more than two  seconds)
upward  (thinking  thereby  to center   it) the  result   will               and press  the  lever  in the opposite  direction   to  close
be similar  to Fig. 4,pagei:Z.                                               the shutter.
                                                                        Turn  a new  film  into  position  as described.  before.
            SECTION  2                                 (See page 13.)
        Time  Exposures  Indoors                                            l'or  interiors  the following  table  is a good guide:
           Pr-acp  rrre  Calrena   rN posrrroN.                     Time  Needed  for  Interior  Exposures
                                                                             This  table  is  for  the  largest  stop.  When  the second
                                                                        stop is used double the time;  when  the smallest  stoD
                                                                                                is used give four times the time  of table.
                                                                                             I                               White  .walls and more than one window;
                                                                                         bright sun outside, 2 seconds:
                                                                       hazy sun, 5 seconds;
                                                   l i                                                cloudy bright, _10seconds:
                                                                                   cloudy  dull, 20 seconds.
                                                                      White  walls and only one wind.ow:    Fig.  1.  Diagram,  showing  positions   for camera.
                                                                                         bright sun outside, 3 seconds:
  Use some firm  support,  like a chair  or  table.   Set in                      hazy stn,8 seconcls;
such a position  that  the find.er will  embrace  the view                         cloudycloudy bright,dull, 30 15secondsseconds:
desired.
  The diagram   (Fig.    f) shows  the  proper   positions                !4edium  colored.  walls  and. hangings  and  mole  than
for  the Camera.     It   should  not be pointed   direcfly                  one window;
at a window,  as the  glare  of  light   will  blur  the  pic-                             bright sun outside, 4 seconds  :
ture.     If   all  the  windows   cannot  be  avoided.,  pull                       hazycloudysun,bright,10 seconds20 seconds::
down the shades of such as come within  range  of  the                          cloudy  dull, 40 second.s.
camera.                                                            Medium                                                                                    colored  walls  and  hangings,  and  only  one  Push the tlme  sllde  (A)  to the end  of  slot  marked                                                                     window:
" T,"  Fig. 1, page 10. When  the lever  is in this position
the  shutter  strikes    it  as   it passes  the lens,  stopping                            Frighthazy sun,15sun outside,seconds6 seconds;i
halfway  across with  the opening opposite  the lens.                             cloudy bright, 30 seconds :
                                                                                  cloudy  dull, 60 seconds.
                                  t4
                                                                                                                 l5
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Dark  colored  walls  and hangings and more  than  one                 Use the Kodak  Portrait  Attachment  No. 0 with  elther
   window:                                                                the No. 2 ot 2-A Cartridge premo.
           brlght sun outside, 10 seconds;                                    With  the Kodak  Portralt  Attachment   in position  the
        hazy sun, 20 seconds;                                            subject should be placed 3lfeet  from the lens.
         cloudy bright, 40 seconds;                                   The attachment   is simply an extralens  slipped  in lens
         cloudy  dull,   l minute, 20 seconds.                              opening   in  front  board,  and   in  no  way  affects  the
Dark   colored   walls   and   hangings   and  only   one                  operation  of the, camera  except  to change the focus.
   window:                                                                      Price, 50 cents.  Be sure and specify what camera  the
           bright sun outside,20 seconds;                                 attachment   is to be used with when ordering.
        hazy sun,40 seconds;                                 Time  Exposures  in tbe Open  Air         cloudy  bright, 1 minute, 20 seconds;
         cloudy  dull, 2 minutes,  40 seconds.                         When  the  smallest  stop is before  the lens the  light                                                    i        admitted  is so much  reduced  that  time  exposures  out  The  foregoing'is   calculatecl for  looms  whose win'                                         J         of doors may be made  the same as interiors. but thed.ows get the direct  light  from  the sky  and  for hours
from  three hours  after sunrise  until  three hours before         ",       exposure must be much  shorter.
sunset.                                                                         Wrrrr  SuNsrrrxe-The    shutter  can hardly be opened.
                                                                               closed  quickly  enough to avoid over exposure.    If  earlier  or later,  the tlme  required   will be longer.             I        and.'Wrerr
                                                                                                   Lrcrrr  Cr-ouos-From    one-half  to one second
           To Make a Portrait                                               will be sufficient.                                                                                        'Wrrrr
  Place  the  sitter  in  a chair partly  facing  the Camera                               }Ip.q.vv  Cr,ouns-From    two  to  five seconds
 (which  should  be  located   slightly   higher   than  an                        will  be required.
 ordinary  table)  and turn  the face  slightly  towards  the                The above  is calculated  for hours from  three hours
 instrument,  having  the eyes centered on an object  at                     after  sunrise  until  three hours  before  sunset  and  for
 the same level with  the  lens.  For  a bust  picture  the                 objects in the open air.  For other hours or for objects
 camera  should be five  feet from  the figure  ; but  for a                      in the shadow, under  porches  or under  trees, no accu-
 three-quarter   figure  from   six  to  eight  feet,  and  for                   ratedirections  can be given;  experience only can teach
 a  full  flgure from  eight  to ten  feet.   . The  background.                   the  proper  exposure  to give.
 should form  a contrast  with  the sitter.                                  Timeexlosurescannot  be madezahilethe  caTnera is hetd
  ,In making   portraits  where  the  subject  is less than                       in  the hand.  Alzuays  trtace  it  uton  sorne firm   su/port,
 elght  feet from  the camera, use the smallest  stop and                such as a  tri.fod,  chair  or  table.
 time  accordingly.   (See page  15.)  As  a general  rule
 use the middle stop for portraits.       Kodak  Portrait  Attachment                  ,tI
  By means of a Kod.ak Portrait  Attachment   usedwith
 the Cartridge Premo Cameras Nos. 2 andZ-A,head  and
 phoulder pictures  of increased, size may be obtained.
                  10                                                                                        yl
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The  flash should  not be higher  than  the head'  of  the                 as more convenient, cheaper and capable  of produclng,
sitter.                                                                      the best results, The cartridges are only superior when
  For using the Portrait  Attachment,  see page 16.                         absolutely  instantaneous  work  is essential.
  To Merp  e Gnoup-Arrange   the chairs in the form
of an arc, facing the Camera  so that  each  chair   will                 Keep Dust Out  of the Camera
be exactly  the same distance  from  the camera.   Half                     Defective  negatives  are  often caused by partlcles  of
the persons  composing   the  group  should  be  seated                  d.ust which have collected on the inside  of the Camera
and  the  rest  should  stand. behind  the  chairs.     If the      0       and settle upon  the film  in particles  that produce  small
group is large any number  of  chairs may be used' but                 dark spots upon the prints.
none  of  the  subjects  should. be seated' on the floor, as                                 It  is therefore  lvell  to wipe out  the inside  of Camera
sometimes  seen in large pictures, because  the perspec'                  occasionally,  with  a  slightly damp  cloth.   fn summer
tive would be too violent.                                             weathcr  or after the camera has remained  idle for any
  Be.crcrouNo-In    making  single  portraits  or groups,                   length  of  time,  this needs special  attention.
care  should. be  taken  to have  a suitable  background
against which  the  figures  will  show  in  relief;  a  light                Load  Your   Cartridge   Premo   with   Kodak   Film.
background   is  better  than  a dark  one, and  often  a
single  figure  or two  will  show up well  against  a lace                Look  for this  trade mark on the box
curtain.   For  larger  groups,  a medium   light  wall  will
be suitable.
   Ttle  finder  on  the  camera   will   aid  the  operator    in
composing  the group  so as  to get the best  effect.   In
order to make the image visible  in the  finder  the room
will have  to be  well lighted  with  ordinary   lamplight,                      LOOK  FOR
which may be  left on while  the picture  is being made,provided noneof  the lights are placed so that they show              ..KODAK''
in    the finder.
  Eastman            Flash Sheets burn  more  slowly  than  flash               ON THE  SPOOL END.
powders,  producing  a much  softer  light and are, there-
fore, far preferable  in portrait  work;   the subject, how-ever, should be warned  not  to move,  as the picture  is  1
not  taken  instantaneously, abotat one second being  re-
quired  to burn              one sheet.
          Eaetman                        Flash   Cartridges                       t
  Eastman Flash Cartridges may be substituted for the                'We
sheets if desired.     recommend  the sheets, however,
                                                                a
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    1.  Take everything  out of the box.  Take apron  and              paper.  Molsten  the gummed  slde of stlcker  evenly  for
 Transferring  Reel out of the solution  cup.                          about an inch across the end and stick   it down to du-
   2,  Insert the axles marked C and D in the cut, in the               plex  paper, rubbing   thoroughly   to secure  perfect  ad.-
 holes in the front  of box.   The  front  will  be toward               hesion.  Wind. end of duplex paper  on spool  again and
 you when  the  spool  carrier   in end  of box  is  at your               the cartridge  is ready  to lnsert  in the machine.
 right.                                                                                5.  Insert   film  cartridge   in  spool  carrier  and  close
   3.  The  axle  " C "  must be pushed  through  the hol-             up the movable  arm  against  end  of spool.  Have  the
 low spindle which  will be found loose  in the box.  The              duplex paper   (" B"   in  Fig:. 1) lead from  the top.
 two lugs on this spindle are to engage the hooks  at end                                                                                                                 wire                                                                                                           guard on                                                                                                                                        trans-                                                                                             und.erneath                                                                                         the paper                                                                                       6.  Thread                                 pushed                                                         the                                             through                  axle          The of apron,                                 " D " must  be                                                                                                                                             (Fig.                                                                                                                                                          IL)                                                                                                         axle  " D                                                                                       which                                                                                           reel through                                                                                                                                                                   " passes                                                          reel                                                                      in                ferring                                  Reel                                                 to hold                  the  Transferring hollow         rod                of                                                               and turn axle slowly  to  right  until  the word  "stop"   ap- position  as indicated   in  the  illustration.   The  flanges
 at each end of the Transferring   Reel are marked  " Y  "              pears on the duplex  Paper.
 in the illustration.                                                                  7. Now hook apron  to lugs on axle " D "  in precisely
                                                                        the same manner  that you hooked the opposite end to   4.  Attach  one end  of the apron  to spindle  through
which  axle  " C " passes by means  of the metal  hooks               axle "C"  except that  axle "D"  turns  to the right.
which  are  to be engaged with  the lugs on the  spindle.                   8.  Turn  handle  half  a revolution  so  that  apron  be-
 The  corrugated   side  of  the  rubber  bands   is  to  be            comes firmly  attached and put on covef  of box.   Turn
beneath  the apron'when     it  is  attached.   Turn   to   left               axle  " D "  slowly  and steadily  until  duplex paper,  film
 on  axle   " C "  and  wind  entire  apron  on  to  spindle,             and apron  are  rolled up together on transferring  reel.
 maintaining   a  slight  tension on apron  in  so doing by            As soon as this  is completed  the handle  will  turn  very
 resting one hand on it.                                                          freely.
                                                                       While  turning  axle "D"   to the right, keep pressure  on
                 Important.                                      axle "C"  in the opposite  direction.   This  will act as a
            PnepanrNc   Trrp  C.lnrnrocp                            brake  and  will  keep the apron,  film  and duplex paper
                                                                              taut and in the correct position.   .
  Film  to be used  in the Kodak  Film  Tank  must be
fastened to the duplex  paper  at both  ends.  A11 films                   9.  Prepare  developing   solution   in  solution  cup  ac-
are fastened  at one end in our  factory.   The  operation               cording  to directions  in Kodak  Film  Tank  Manual.
can be accomplished.  in the following  manner:                            10. Remove  cover from box and take hold  of the d.u-
  Just before you are ready  to develop  (hold.ing  spool               plex paper where  the paper extends beyond  the end  of
with the unprinted  side of  the duplex  paper  up)  unroll               apron,    Then  wind  axle  " D  "  until  the duplex paper
the duplex paper  carefully  until you  uncover  the piece            becomes  taut.
of grrmmed paper which  is fastened. to end  of  film  and                  NoTE-Where      the  film  is  so  short   that   the  duplex   paper  does
is  to be used as a means  of  fastening   lilm  to  duplex                     not  extend,   the  above  instructions    are  not  necessary.
              n
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   11.   Draut    out   arle      "I),',     holding     alron   and   dupler               Al1ow development  to proceed  for about two minutes
 !fter     zaith    tlte   olher   hand    to  hee!  end   of  apron    anrl               with  the cover  of the solution  cup  off then place  the
 paler   from   loosening.   Remoae   entire    Transferring      Reel,                                           cover on  the cup  (Fig.
 contatning     afron,    duy'let    lay'er   and    f ilnz  (u.rhich    is  freed                                                     IV),   putting   lugs  on
 by  lulling     out  arle   "D,,)   and   stiy'  a  smail   rubber   band                                            covef  into grooves  and
 around    the  a/ron     tiglttly    so  there   zaiil   ba  no  lossibz'lity                                                  tighten  cover down bY
 of   its  unzuinding.                                                                                               turning   it to right.
 _ NorB-In   removing  reel                                                         Now  turn   entire  cuP
clo,not squecze the apron,                                                                  end for end. and Place inas   by doing            so there                            will be                                                                                                                tray  or saucef to catcha tendency               for                             it  to buckle.
  12.  Insert  the  Transfer-                                                                    any slight leak from  the
r i n g R e e l   ( c o n t a i n i n g                                                                               cup.  At the end of three
apron,  duplex  paper   and.                                                                       minutes   again  feverse
film)  in the previously  pre-                                                                              the  cup, and  thereafter
pared   d.eveloper  immed-                                                                                                                       r ever se ever y  thr ee
iately.                                                                                             minutes   until  the  time
                                                                                                                         of development,  (20 min-
 Using  the Solution                                                                Fig.  IV.             utes) has elaPsed.
         cup.                                                       Turning  the solution cup allows  the developer  to  act
  13.  Having     filled.   Solu-                                           evenly and adds brilliancy  and snap to the negatives.
tion   Cup,   lower   Trans-                                       The developer reaches  all  parts  of the  film  immedi-
ferring    Reel    into   Cup,                                                  ately.
with  end containing  cross-                                                                             14. The  wire hook  is to be used  for  lifting  the  reel
bar  up   ( Fig.   III).    L e  t                                                Fig.  III.                   out of the cup (Fig.  V).  Hook  on to the cross bar  in
reel   slide  d.own   slowlv.                                       one end. of reel.  When the end of reel containing  cross
The operation  of removing  reel from box can be d.one             bar  is  at  the bottom   of  cup, the hook  is  just  long
in  the  light  of an ordinary  room,  but for safety   it  is                                                              enough to catch the cross bar.
well  that the light should not be too bright.   The  total
length  of time  for development   is twenty  minutes.                       15. When  development  is completed' pour  out  devel-
                                                                     oper and. fi1l cup with  clear,  cold water  and  pour   off
  Note-Immediately      after lowering   reel into  solution                three times  to wash the fi1m.
cup catch  it with  the  wire  hook  and move  gently  up               Note-When     removing   cover  of solution   cup' place
and down  two  or three times  but not allowing   reel  to             cup  in palm  of hand so as to dbtaina  firm  grip on bot
come above  surface  of  developing   solution.   This   is            tom   of  can.  Then   grip  cover  with  other  hand  and
to expel  air bubbles.                                                        turn  slowly  to  left when  cover  will  loosen  readil5r.
                      30                                                     31
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                    Fixing                                          Washing
                                                                     There  are several ways  of washing   film.     It may be
  Provlde  a box  of Kodak  Acid  Fixing  p6wder  aud                placed. in tray  or wash  bowl  of cold water  and  left  to
prepare a fixing bath as per directions  on the package.                          soak  for  five mihutes  each  in  five changes
Put  this  into  a tray  (fourth  tray  of an A.  B. C. devel-                               of  cold.water,  moving  about occasionally
oping  outfit)  or wash  bowl.  When   the  powder  has                                to  insure  the water  acting  evenly upon   it,
thoroughly  dissolved  add  to  the  solution  as much  of                              or   it may  be  given,  say  two  changes  as
the Acidifier,  which  you  will  find  in a small box inside                        above  and then  left  for  an hour  in a bowl
the large one, as directions  call  for.  As soon as this                             with  a  very  gentle  stream   of  water  run-
has dissolvecl the Fixing  Bath  is ready  for use.  Any                             ning   in and  out.
quantity   of  the  bath  may  be prepared   in  the above
proportions.                                                          Drying  N. C. Film Negatives
  Pass  the  film  face down  (the face  is the  dull  side)                                 After  tank development,  when  thoroughly
through  the  fixing  solution as shown  in cut on page                        washed, snap an Eastman   Film  Developing
37, holding one end in each hand.. Do  this three  or four                               Clip on each end of the strip and hang   it up
times and then place one end  of  the  fiim   in  the  tray                                 to dry  or  pin   it up.  Be  sure, however,  that
still  face down and lower  the strip  into  the solution  in                                                   it swings  clear of the wall  so that  there will
folds.   (If the negatives have been cut apart immerse                         be no  possibility   of either  side  of  the  film
them  singly.)   Gently  press  the  film  where  the  folds                         coming  in contact  with  the  latter.
occur,  not  tightly  enough  to  crack   it, down  into the                                  In  drying,  N.C. Film  should be cut up into
solution  a few times  during  the course  of fixing.   This                                 strips   of  not  nnre  than  six  exposures   iu
lnsures  the fixing  solution  reaching  every  part  of the                              length.
film.   Allow  the film  to remain  in the  solution  two  or                 DryingClips,with    In  tray  development  when  the  film  has
three minutes  after   it has cleared or the milky  appear-                        been cut up, pin by one corner  to the edge
ance has disappeared.   Then remove  for washing.                         of a shelf or hang the negative on a stretched. string by
  N. C. Film  must  always  be  fixed  in  an  acid  bath.             means of a bent pin, running  the pin through  the corner
There   is nothing  superior   to  the Kodak  Acid. Fixing                   of film  to the head., then hooking    it over the string.
Bath,   but   the  following   formula  may  be  used    if               Norp-When    negatives  have  been  cut  apart  they
desired  :                                                              should be kept  separated. when washing   in order  that
                                                                          they wash  thoroughly.  Norp-If   you  are using  an A B C developlng   outfit
the fixing solution must only be used in tray No. 4, and
the negatives, after fixing, must not be put in eirher No.
1 or No. 2 trays.   Neither  must  any  of the fixing  solu-
tion be allowed  to touch  the films, through  the agency
of the fingers or otherwise,  until they are ready  to go
into the fixing bath, otherwise they  will be spotted so
as to be useless,
                    3E
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 We  suggest  before  making   the  first  exposure  the                 Do  not  use  a  fixing  bath  that  has  been used  for
cutting  of a piece of Velox  paper  into  strips  about  an                       fixing  film.
inch wide and placing  one of them  over an important                   You  should be systematic   in working,  rememberlng
part  of the negative,  make  the  exposure,  using  your                       that  cleanliness   is  essential   in  photography.    Care
best judgment  as to the  distance  from  the  light  and                 must be taken  to prevent  the Hypo  fixing  bath  in any
the time  of printing.  Develop   it, and  if  not  satisfac-                way  getting   into  the  tray  containing   the  d.eveloper.
                                                                         Elave a clean towel when beginning  the work  and wipetory  try another  strip, varying  the time as indicated  by
                                                                            your hands each time  after you have handled. prints  inthe  first  result.  When  the  desired. effect  is  secured,
you can make  any number  of prints from  the same                         fixing  bath.
negative,  and   if  the time  of exposure,  distance  from                                                Details
light as well as the time  of developing  are identical,  all
the prints  should be equally good,  By comparing  your                      Cr.perv DrsrrEs;  Cr-pe.lr IIaNos:   The  faintest  trace
other negatives  with  the one you have  tested  you;will                       of Hypo  will spoil the prints   if  it gets into contact with
                                                                   them before the proper  time.   Great care  should, there-be able  to make  a  fairly  accurate  estimate  of  th'6 ex-
                                                                                 fore be used to have both hands and. trays clean,posure required by any negative.
  After  taking  the exposed  piece  of paper  from  the                   Dever-open  once used should not be carried  over and.
Drinting  frame,  in a safe place previously  selected,   it  is                 used the next day or subsequently.
                                             print                       The  dry         for          development.                                          shouldready                                              be im-                                 Don't                                 (Tray                                      No.1)                                         and quickly        face            up in the d.evelopermersed
and  evenly  covered  with  the  solution.   Contrast  and                      Don't use a ttay  for developing  whlch  has previously
Regular Velox  should be developed not to exceed twenty                 been used  for  hypo  solution,  pyro  developer   or  final
seconds: Special Velox  about  twice  as long  No exact                  washing.
time  cau be  given,  as the strength  of developer  used                      Don't use an old fixing  solution,    it  is  liable  to cause
would make  a'difference  in the time,                                            trouble.
          as               the                 image  has                              reached.  As soon                                          the                                              desired.                                                  depth                                                                            Difficulties,   their Cause and Remedy                 developer        from               the                                  to                                 the secondremove                                                 tray                                          and                                                          rinse
for  a moment,   turning  the  print  several  times,  then                      Vprr-eo'Wrrr:rps:    Caused  by  forcing  development,
Dlace it in the acid  fixinq  bath (TrayNo.3)   keeping the                  fogged paper.
print moving   for  a few seconds, the same as was done                    Rprrpov:   Give more time, screen light.  Also, caused
when  rinsing,  so as to give even and thorough   fixing,                when  image  flashes up  in developer  by  too much  ex
preventing  stains  and. other  troubles.   Leave  the print                  posure, in which case give less time.
in  this  solution   until  thoroughly   fixed;   this  will  take                 Muoon   Srrloows:    Caused by d.eveloper being used
about  fifteea  minutes.  When  fixed. remove  from  the                       for too many  prints.  Remedy, use fresh developer.
fixing  bath and wash  thoroughly   for about  an hour  in                   Coxrnasrv   PnrNrs:   Caused by insufficient time  or
running  water,  then  dry.   After  drying,  prints  may  be                  negative  too harsh.  Remedy,  give more  time: make
trimmed  and mounted.                                                          softer negatives.
                         42
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  Fler   Pnrxrs:  Caused by  overtiming   or negatives
flat.  Remedy, give less time  in  first  instance, and   if
trouble   is  with  negatives,   give  negatives   less  time;
develop further.                                            PART  VII
  SrarNs:  Caused  by  forcing  development,   or chemi-
cally  dirty  dishes                     or hands,                                   insufficient                                                     fixing,  foreign
           Remedy,                                                      other                              Mountlngchemicals.                          do. not                                   allow  chemicals
than those given  in formulae   to come  in contact  with                     Tbe-,,most satisfactory  method  for mounting  prints
paper; use fresh  fixing  bath; keep  prints  in constant                          is by the use of Kodak  Dry Mounting  Tissue, as by the
motion  the entire fifteen minutes  they remain  in  fixing,                  use of this tissue  the  print  lies perfectlv  flat in abso-
and   if  due to forcing  development  give more  time  in                       lute contact even on the thinnest mount  and absolutely
printing.                                                                        without   curl.
           'Wsrrp  Rouxn,                   Spors:   Saused  by  air  bells which                   The tissue comes  ln flat  sheets,  dry, not  sticky,  and
                                                                                                                  proof  protects  theform on face  of prints  when  developer  is   first  flor,ved,            It        easy  to handle and being  water
on.    Remedy,  use more  developer,  break   air  bells                       print  from  any impurities  in  the mount  stock.  The
with  finger.                                                            process  of mounting  is as  follows:  Lay  the  print  on
                                                                                                            its  face and tack  to the back  a piece  of tissue  of the
          Coloring  Velox  Prints                          same  size by  applying  the  point  of a hot  flatiron  to
  The  various  surfaces  of Velox  are particularly   well                     small spots at opposite  ends.  Turn  the  print  face up
adapted for coloring, and prints may be rriade extremely                                     . and trim  to  size desired,  and place  in proper  position
lnteresting  through  the many  beautiful  effects obtair.ed                  on mount, then cover the print  with  a piece of smooth
by the use of Velox  Transparent Water  Color Stamps.                   paper and press  the whole  surface  with  a hot  flatiron
No experience is necessary when  using these colors,                     -Press,  don't rub.  The iron should be just  hot enough
and any amateur  can  secure excellent  results  as  full                        to siss when  touched  with  the wet  finger.     If  the  irondirections  accompany  each set of stamps.                                                                                                    is too hot  the  tissue  will  stick to  the mount  and not
  Put up  in book  form,  they  will be found most  con-                                                                                           to  the  print.     If  too  colcl the  tissue  will   stick  to  thevenient.  Each book contains twelve colors, arranged                                                                                        mount.                                                                                        print                                                                                        not to the                                                                       and   perforatedin                  leaflets, making   twenty-four   stamps  of                                                                                                         with                                                                                mounting                                                                                                            paste,  lay  the  wet  print  face                                                            Wheneach      color
  The stamps  will also be found most  desirable for the                down on a sheet  of glass and squeegee  off  all surplus
coloring  of Bromide  enlargements, lantern  slides, etc..                     water,  then  brush  over  the back  with  a  thin  starch
and  in  fact  for   all work  where  perfect  blending  and.                    paste, 1ay the print on the mount, then cover the print
transparency   of color  is required.  See price  list.                             with a clean sheet of blotting  paper and press into con'
              .EASTMAN  KODAK  CO.,                                   tact with the squeegee or rubber  print  roller.
                           Successor to
                        RocrrBsrpn  Oprrcl.r- Co.
                                    Rochester. N. Y.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            { J                                             ***\-t_.               *.
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          Under-Developmenr                                             PRICE   LIST
  This defect would be caused by a mistake   in remov-
ing film from developer too soon, by using solution  too                   No.  2 Cartriclse  t""*olfacity        6 exposures,
cold  or by an error  in compounding  chemicals.    It  is                2% x3/+not  loaded..                            .$ 2 00
obvious  that  neither  of these  defects  will  occur  in                     'Carrying Case for same with shoulder strap........   E5
Tank  Developm6nt     if  instructions   are  properly    fol-                   No. 2-A Cartridge Premo, capacity 12 exposures,
lowed.                                                                           2r /zx4%, notloaded..                          3 00
                                                                                     f         Carrying Case for same with  shoulder strap.. ."--'   E.5
  .    Intensification       by  Re-Development                          Kodak  Portrait  Attachment  No.  0 for use with
  there   are  a nurnber  of  d.ifferent processes   for  in-                     No. 2 or No.2-A Cartridge Premo.....'...        50
                                                                Kodak Sky  Filter and Kodak  Color  Filter No.0tensifying  under-developed  negatives,  the most  com-                                                                                                                                                                                   ltII              for use with No.2  or No. 2-A Cartridge Premo    50mon  being by means  of  Bichloride  of  Mercury,  and
                                                                           N.  C. Film   Cartridge,  No.  120, 6 exposuresSodium Sulphite or Ammonia.                                                            '
                                                      2% x3%..-...                                  20
  This method, though simple to use, has its disadvant-
ages, as  it builds  up  the highlights   out  of proportion                      N.  C.  Film   Cartrid.ge,  No.  LL6, L2 exposures
to the weaker portions  of the negative, and  also, un-                            2rl x 4%-.....                                  50
less carefully  handled,   is  apt  to  produce  iridescent                     Do., six exposures.,,                          25
stains  or  granular  markings   that  are  impossible    to                 Kodak  Film Tank, 2% inch...----                4 0 0
remove.                                                                     Duplicating  Outflt for same.'-.....-..              2 0 0
                                                                Kodak  Tank  Developer Powders, for 2)4 and'3%
  While the method  of intensificatioa  by re-development                                                                              inch tank, Per Pkg. rl doz'..,...."               20
is only comparatively  new,  the now common  use  of                 Kodak Acid Fixing Powd.er, 1 pound' pkc..............   25
Velox  and  Royal  Re-developer  for  Sepia  tones  on               D o . , ' 3 " " %                                15
Velox  and Bromide  prints  will make   this  the  most                                                         D o . . t ' " " % " "                               10
effective means  of intensification.                                                                     Velox Paper, 2/ x3%, pet doz, sheets...'.........'.... 10
  Velox  or Royal  Re-developer may be used in exactly                   Velox Paper, 2'f x 4%,  "      "                   12
the same manner  as  for  producing  Sepia  tones  on                   Velox  Transparent  Water  Color Stamps'  com'
developing  paper.                                                               plete booklet of. LZ colors........'.               25
  Negatives   lntensified  by  re-development   are  built                   Velox  Transparent  Water  Color  Stamp  Outfit'
up  evenly,  without  undue  contrast   ancl  without   the                       consisting  of  Artist's  Mixing   Palette, three                                                                                  speclal Camel's  Hair  Brushes, and one bookchance of staining.                                                                                            of Velox  Transparent  Water  Color Stamps,
  The advantage  of being  able  to use the chemicals  for                       (12 colors)
two different  purposes  (Sepia  toning  prints  or  intensi-                  Nepera  Solution.  4-oz. bottle..                   20
fying  negatives)   is obvious,  the result  in  either  case                     Solio Paper, 2% x 3% , per pkg; 2 doz. sheets .. .,'...   20
being  all that could be desired.                                              Solio Paper, 2% x4%,per pkc. 2 doz. sheets.........  20
                                                                                   49
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    Be Sure to  lfse Pure Chemicals.  To  get  the best  negatives  from  your  films-to    get       The Kodak
the  best  prints  from  your  negatives-it    is  impera-
tive  that  the chemicals  which  you  use be  absolutelyDure.                   Correspondence
  For  all our film  and papers we  furnish powders  and
solutions  mixed.  in  just  the  proper  proportions   andcompounded  from  the purest chemicals,   rigidly  tested          College
in our own laboratories.
  But we go even further  than  this.  For those who pre-
fer  to mix  their own  solutions  by  formulae,  we have
                     prepared a line of carefullytested
                    standard  photographic  chem-
                                                      i c                        a l s .                                               A Course Which   Will  Increase  Your                          Don't                           mar good films andplates
                    and  good.  paper   with   inferior             Photographic   Pleasure  by  Helping  You
                      chemicals.
                         This   seal stands  for  the high-               to Make  Better  Pictures.
                        est  purity.  Be  sure  it's on  the
                    package  before  purchasing.
              EASTMAN  KODAK  CO.,
                             Successor to
                        Rocsnstpn    Oprrcl.l   Co.                          'luition   two   dollars  which   includes  a
                                    Rochester, N, Y.            handsome  cloth bound  copy,  library   edition,
                                                                         of the School Text Book
                                  ..HOW'                                 TO MAKE
                                                                                                                                     ''                         GOOD PICTURES
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