Kodak No. 0 Graphic Camera User manual

Irustt uc'tions Jb, operating the
             CameraNo. Q,Sraphic               ,,'.iS*'':,- .rr:i    .
                          d'rl





  EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
           For,vnn & ScHrvrlrc Dnp,r.rrritrnxr
              llocnnsrrn, N. Y.

T-\HE operation of the No. O Graphic  I  Camera is extrernely simple, and care-
ful reading of the following instructions
should be followed by successful results.
  There is no necessity for adjusting the
focus of the lens-all objects at varying dis-
tances from the camera will be rendered
with clean cut definition in the negative.
  The manipulation of the camera, when
making pictures, is reduced to the 6 opera-
tions following:
  Frnsr-Select a suitable shutter speed
from one of the Exposure Tables.
  SpcoNo :-Set the shutter.
  Tnrno:-Sight the subject in the finder.
  Founrn:-Release the shutter.
  Frrrrl:-Wind the film.
  Srxrn :-Re-set the shutter.
The Lens The I$o. O Graphic Fixed Focqs
         Camera is fitted with a 3-inch,
Kodak Anastigmat Lens /.6.3. An indexpointer D, is provided for operating the
lens stops from the outside of the camera.
The different lens stops,-/.6.3, /.8, f.ll,
f.I6, f.22, f.32, are shown on a segment
seale C, located beneath thc index pointer'.

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The    The shutter is the regular GraflexShutter Focal Plane Shutter. The cur-
tain contains 4 apertures ranging from full
opening 0 Lo \/a of an inch. W'hen the cur-
tain apirture 0, is registered at F, by turn-
ing key A to the right (in the direction of
the arrow), the shutter is wide open. The    dother apertures I%, 32, and fu, are in turn
                                    #registered at F, as the key A is turned.                                                                                                                               '9.ilk
Shutter The etched shutter speed tablespeeds T, attached to each camera, gives                                          'l':i'
approximate shutter speeds, in fractional
parts of a second, obtainable with the
various combinations of shutter curtain
apertures, and tension numbers.
              speed of the shutter is regu-\egug- The
:i*11*SllUttef    lated/ r        r by varying the tension on3;;"';"   the shutter curtain. Thu degree             of tension is regulated by turning
the milled head B, to the left, until the re-
quired tension number appears at G. The
numbers run from 1 to 6-the highest num-
ber indicating the greatest speed. To de-
crease the shutter speed, release tension on
eurtain by pushing escapement P, back and
forth, until the required tension number
 is registered at G.
                        6

rl
         Instanta- To set the shutter for instanta-
         *:9T---^^ neous exposures, turn key A until
         'xposures the curtain aperiure inclicated on
        the shutter speed table T, for a selected
         shutter speed, is registered at F. Should a
         smaller curtain aperture than required, be
          registered at F, release the curtain by press-
        ing button M toward the winding key A,
          until the required aperture number appea,rs
         at F. When the curtain is released, by the
         use of button M, the film is not exposed, as
         the automatic lens cover and sky-shade R,
        remains closed.
         The Shutter Speed Table
         The numbers in the first vertieal column
          indicate the degree of tension on the shutter
         curtain. The numbers in the top horizontal
           line represent the width of the curtain aper-
        tures. The numbers in the intersecting
         spaces indicate the duration of exposures,
          in the fractional parts of a second, obtain-
         able with the various combinations of eur-
         tain apertures and tension numbers. For
        example:-to give an exposure of IlL10 of a
        second, the % aperture is brought into          register at F, by winding the curtain with
        key A, or releasing the curtain with button
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M; tension 5 is brought into register at G,
by turning button B, or operating the ten-
sion escapement P. The shutter will then
be set for an exposure of. LlllO of a second.





  Tension I  will operate the curtain at  t/4
Tension  I will not close the shutter with aperture^pertute.I  orl%.   3 is the lowest tension that will close aperture Lrl.
Making The exposure is made by one in-
l*^"..-^  ward p.er.,r." of the fbrefinger'xposure upon tha a*po.ure lever E. to
repeat the exposure-turn key A until the
same aperture number 3/a is again registered
at F, and rnake the exposure as before.
                        8

Time   Set the tension at 6.  Register
Exposures the letter T at F, by winding the
           curtain with key A or releasing it
with button M. Move the small button S,
on front of camera, to the top of the slot





nearest to the letter T, stamped in the
leather, indicating "Time Exposure." An
inward pressure on release lever E will raise
the lens cover R, locking it in an elevated
position, at the same time automatically
releasing the curtain to 0 (open), exposing
the filnr. The exposurc is terrninated by a

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downward pressure on the button S, n'hiclr
releases the lens cover R.
Loading Remove the back of camera by
l||^-^uamera simultaneous pressure of th;        thumb and for'efinger upon the
top and bottom spring catches, on the re-
movable back, which gnryg3_ with the de-
pressions in camera body N, N-l.
  Draw out the top and bottom spool cen-
ter pins, W and W-1, as far as they will go;
place the roll of film* in the pocket Y, with
the slotted end of spool downward leav-
ing the white paper seal unbroken, press the
roll inward against the retarding spring Z
located at back of pocket Y, and at the same
time push the spool center pins W and W-1
into the top and bottom ends of film spool.
  The sprinEsZr located in both of the film
pockets, press against the film spools and
serve to hold the film taut as it is wound
across the exposure aperture X.
  Draw out the spool center pin W-2, and
the spring actuated winding key O; drop the
empty receiving spool I into the pocket with
the slotted end of the spool upward.
Turn the winding key O until it springs into
  *Eastman N.C. Film Cartridge No. 121, 6 exposures.
   Do., L2 exposures.
                       10

place in the slot in the upper end of thc
spool, at the same time push the eenter pin
W-2 into the bottom end of the spool.
      yv
     /w





      \M'
  With the winding key O turn the empty
receiving spool to the left, until the longest
side of the slit, lengthwise of the spool, is in
position to receive the end of the duplex
paper on the roll of film.
  Break the white paper seal on the roll of
film, and draw the end of the duplex paper
                         11

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over the rollers U and U- l, threading it into
the slit in the winding spool. Give the key
O one or two slight turns-enough to firmly
bind the end of the paper on the empty re-
ceiving spool-taking care that the paper is
drawn straight across the rollers and exposure
aperture X, to the winding spool f , so that it
will wind evenly between the spool flanges.
  Replace the back of camera with the
TOP side up, (the rdord "Top" is stamped
on the inside of the back) and press the
spring eatches firmly into locking position
in the depressions N and N-1.
  The duplex paper, proteeting the roll of
film, must be partly wound off, after the
camera is closed, before any exposures
can be made. This is accomplished by
slowly turning key O, to the left, until a
warning hand, printed on the red side of the
duplex paper, appears at the little red win-
dow on the camera back. This warning
hand appears only before the film is wound
into position for the first exposure. There-
fore, the winding key O must be very slowly
turned after the warning hand appears, as a
preeaution against winding the first expo-
srlre nrrmber past the windou'.
                         t2

Immediately after eaeh exposure, the sue-
eeeding exposure number should be carefulll'
wound into position at the window, thereby
avoiding the possibility of making two ex-
posures upon the sanre portion of film.
After the last exposure of the roll-No. 6 or
No. 12--is rnade, the duplex paper should be
wound upon the exposed roll of film, until
printed matter appears at the red window.
Remove the back of cam era, as previously
explained; the remaining portion of duplex
paper wound, and the end stuck down to the
exposed roll with the gummed sticker, which
will be found on the end of the duplex paper.
  The sealed, exposed roll of film ean be re-
moved from the eamera by withdrawing the
spool center pinW-2 and the winding key O.
The    A direct vision view finder K, is
View       fitted to the top of the No. OFinder         Graphic Camera, &s an aid to
composition of the subject. When not in
use, the finder is compactly closed as shown
in illustration on page 11.
  To open the fincler, press the spring V.
(See illustration on page 4.)
  When used as a direct view finder the
mirror is srvttng straight back, &s far as it
will go.
                          13

lines H, engraved on the finder lens, and the
       central sighting bar J.
      The point where the vertical and hori-
       zontal lines intersect is sighted through the
    Y of the sighting bar and then brought into
      alignment with the central point of the com-
       position.
       The vertical and horizontal lines are also
       effective as an aid to the proper alignment
      of vertical and horizontal lines in the sub-
       ject, such as the horizon in marine views,
       buildings, etc.
     When photographing objects near the
      ground,the subject can be properlyeentered
     by placirrg the mirror at an angle of 45o and
      holding the camera near the waist line.
     The       After the eamera has been loaded.      Camera            and film for the first exposure       in Use             wound into position with No. I
      at the little red window, refer to the tables
      on pages 17 or 20, and select a shutter speed
       suitable to the subject which is to be photo-
     graphed. For example: If the subject can
     be classified as an "Open Park View," on a
      bright day in April between 10 A.M. and
     2 P. M. the exposure should be about 1/165
rl     second, curtain aperture r/a, tension 1, and
       lens stop /.6.3.tl
                                 15
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                 D*";.?,."i?lnll'.X",i,1ff "
  Thc lens stop /.6.3 is suggested for uscwith the table of shutter speeds unless
greater depth of focus-sharp definition of
near and distant objects- is desired.
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  The following table shows the distance
from the camera of the nearest object,that
will be in focus when the various stops are
used. All objects beyond the distances
given will be sharply defined.

                                          .22/.6.3 /.8    f.rr  /.16     f        grh L2 ft.             ft.   7 ft.  4rz tt.  \rk tt.
  When the lens is stopped down to in-
crease the depth of focus or definition, there
must be a relative decrease in the shutter
speed in order to maintain the same degree
of effective illumination upon the exposed
frlm. This is accomplished by decreasing
the shutter speed given for/.6.3, or any other
lens stops, about one-half with each suc-
ceeding smaller lens aperture. For ex-
ample: Should the exposure llL65 second,
suggested in the previous example, be
proven correct with stop /.6.3, the relative
shutter speeds for the other lens stops will
be:
                                          .22/.6.3   f .8        f .rr  /.16     f
                                      10 ur65 1/e0  rl50 1/30   li
   If the identical shutter speed indicated
by a one-half decrease, or increase in an ex-
posure, is not given on the shutter speed

plate, use the nearest fraction of a second
exposure.
  Likewise-If a good negative should re-
sult from the use of LlLlO second exposure
and stop f .IL, the relative exposure for the
larger stops is approximately determined by
increasing the shutter speed, given for
f . lL, or any other lens stop, by doubling
the speed with each succeeding larger lens
aperture.
                                          .22 /.6.3 /.8        f .rr  /.16     f 11430 11230 1/110 1l5O rl2o





                        l9

I
l,iIi$      Estimate the miles per hour movement
lnu    of the subject, and the shutter speed for
i      stopping the movement at right an$,les to
      thscamera, will be found in the correspond-
      ing subject group opposite the distance of
      object from the camera.
    EXAMPLE:
      Subject         Views from train
       Speed of Subject 30 miles
        Distance of Object 50 feet
     Exposure       11295 second
        Lens Stop         /.8
      The shutter speeds given are necessary
       to stop the motion. The lens opening must
     be regulated to meet the prevailing light
       conditions.
       For bright days, it is suggested that stop
       /.8 be used with exposuresLl2gS and under,
     and /.6.3 with the higher shutter speeds.
     On hazy, or dull days, with same expo-
       sure, proportionately larger lens openings
      should be used.
          It is not advisable to operate the shutter
      at a higher speed than is necessary to stop
     movement of the subject, thereby gaining
     the advantage of full exposures and the
                               2L

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                                                                                                                                                                           '''i"
ability to use smaller lens openings, which             ,i
will render greater depth of focus.
  To decrease a shutter speecl given for        4i
movement at right angles to carneia, L/ f.or       f,
movemerft at 45 deglees, or 2A for on-com-     ,i
ing subjcct, use the second lower speed, on     {
                                                        gshutter speed plate, for /s less, and the
fifth lower exposure for fuIess.                                                                                       fi
EXAMPLE:
  Movenient at right angles      295
  45 degrees; l( less             165
  Torvard or from camer&; fuless 110