Flashes & lighting
Minolta Auto Electroflash 450 User manual
User manual for Minolta Auto Electroflash 450. 32 pages. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
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Document details
- Brand
- Minolta
- Model / document
- Minolta Auto Electroflash 450
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- Check the original document
- Pages
- 32
- File size
- 2.2 MB
- Category
- Flashes & lighting
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 3 · Read text
NAMES OF PARTS
Wideanglediffuser
Flashtube and reflectorwith guardwindow
Built-insensor
Monitor lamp
Bracketrel
Cartridgesocket
Connector
Cartridge-socketcap
Connectingbayonet
Cartridgerel
AM battery cartri
Tripod socket
Bracket
Attachingscrewand k
www.orphancameras.comView original page 3Page 4 · Read text
Distancescale 510v powersocket Aperturescale Control knob Normal/wideswitch F ilm-speedwindow Powerswitch Open-flash/testbutton Handgrip Sync.-cord/separate-sensor socket Sync.cordView original page 4
Page 5 · Read text
Optional accessories 510v battery pack
N i-Cd battery cartridge
Ni-Cd battery charger
Separatesensor
Sensorsync. cord
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Built-insensor: Silicon photo diode with 23" angle of acceptance;inoperable
when separateseAsorattached
Powersources: 6 alkaline- 6 nickel-
manganese cadmium b10v '
AA cells AA cells battery
Numberof flashes:
At full power: 70 -900* b0 - 420 2OO*2OOO
Within % stop
underfull power: 100 - 1100 b0 - 420 300 - 3OO0
Recyclingtime:
/ To full power: 1 - 2 3 " 0 . 3 3 - 7 0 . 3 3 - 3
To within % stop
underfull power: 1 - 1 4 0 . 3 3 - 4 0 . 3 3 _ 2
* Dependingupon subjectdistance
controls: Dial for settingfilm speedsASA 25 - 400 (DlN 15-2v), knob
to set computerfor aperturesF1.4 - F22 in auto operationor
switchoverto manual,normal/wideswitch,powerswitch www.orphancameras.comView original page 7Page 8 · Read text
Monitor-circuitlamp: Glows steadilyto indicatecapacitoris chargedto provideexpo-
sure within % stop of full {rarge and blinkswhen fully charged
Accessories: Suppliedwith basicunit,connector,and bracket:
Sync.cord and AM batterycartridge
Optional: Separatesensor(specssameas built-insensor),sensor
sync.cord,Ni-Cdbatterycartridge,510v batterypack
with cord,and Ni-Cdbatterycharger
Size and weight: Width 98mm (37/e"),depth 103mm(41k"1,height230mm (9tk"l;
TBOg(27%oz.lView original page 8Page 9 · Read text
CONNECTING COMPONENTS
1. To attach connector to handgrip,
loosen the holder band byt turning
both screws on the opposite side of
the connector counterclockwise.Then
slide the band over the end of the 2. To attach the bracket to the camera,
handgrip to the desiredposition, rnake begin screwing the attaching screw
sure the connector is at the desired into the camera tripod socket, careful-
angle (normally 90") to the flash ly align bracket at right anglesto the
lighting axis, and tighten the band in lens axis, and tighten in placewith the
place by turning the screwsclockwise. k n o b .
www.orphancameras.comView original page 9Page 10 · Read text
3. To attach the bracket to the connec-
tof, first depress both bracket release
grips. While doing this, slide the con-
nector's headed stud into the slot on
the bracket as far as it will go. Align
the rearmost white dot on the con-
nector with the index on the bracket
and releasethe grips.
4. Plug the sync. cord into the socket
provided on the handgrip and connect
the other end with the X sync. flash
terminal of the camera.
NOTE:
When the flashgun is used attached to
the bracket, it should be kept pointed
straight ahead parallel to the lens axis at
usual distances. For close-ups,it should
be turned slightly so as to point at the
center of the subject.View original page 10Page 11 · Read text
LOADINGAND ATTACHINGAM BATTERY CARTRIDGE
1. To load, remove the cover from the
AM battery cartridge by turning the
screw counterclockwise.Insert six AA-
s i z e ( p e n l i g h t ) i . 5 v a l k a l i - m a n g a n e s e
c e l l s ( M a l l o r y M N - 1 5 0 0 o r e q u i v a l e n t )
with positive(+) and negative(-) ends
positioned as indicated inside the car-
tridge. Then align the projectionson
the cover with the matching inden-
tions on the cartridge and fasten the
two parts firmly together again by
meansof the screw.
www.orphancameras.comView original page 11Page 12 · Read text
2. f o attach, with the flashgun power switch in the OFF position insert the connecting bayonet of the cartridge into the cartridge socket at the end of 3. The cartridgeis removedby slidingthe the handgrip, push the two parts to- cartridge releaseaway from the hand- gether slightly and turn the cartridge grip and turning the cartridgein either clockwise or counterclockwiseuntil it direction until its bayonet can be locks in olace. lifted out of the socket.View original page 12
Page 13 · Read text
USUAL DIRECT OPERATION
Automatic 2. Make-sure that the camera is set for
X-synchronization and/or that the
1. For normal or telephotolenses*,the flashgun is properly connectedwith
wide/normalsrrritchon the back of the the X-sync.terminalof the camera.
flashgunshouldbe snappedall the way 3. Also makesure that the camerais not
into the NORMAL position and the set for a shutter speedfaster than the
clear guard w.indow in front of the manufacturer'srecommendationf or
flash tube and sensorshould not be electronic flash in the instruction
coveredor obstructedby anything. manual.(Between-the-lensbladeshut-
ters can often be set at speedsup to
1/500 sec., wh ile 1/60 is often the
maximum safe speed for f u ll-frame
35mm cameraswith focal-planeshut-
ters; if in doubt, use 1l3Osec.with the
latter.)
* of 50mm focal length or longer on
ful l-frame35mm cameras
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4. By meansof the groovedrim of the
f lashgun'scontroldial,turn it until the 5. The computer will vary flash duration
index is alignedwith the speedrating f rom 1/600 to 1 120,000 sec. to pro-
of the film in use. (Dots on the vide auto-flash exposure at the range
film-speedscalerepresentASA ratings of f ive F-nu mbers appearing in the
of 32,40,64, 80, 125, 160,25O,and g reen area v isible th rough th e aperture
32Oor D lN indexesof 16, 17, 19,20, scale.Turn the control knob to set the
22, 23, 25, and 26, respectivelyfrom wh ite index at the desired aperture
left to right.) with in th is range.* (The index may beView original page 14Page 15 · Read text
set between click-stopsif desired.)The 7. With a properly loaded AM battery
ends of the two circular red lines on cartridge attached, slide the power
the distance scale indicate the maxi- switch to ON. (For operating instruc-
mum range of the flash at the aperture tions when usingan N i-Cd, cartridgeor
set. Note th is carefully, since average the 510v battery pack, see p. 27 or
subjects wil I be underexposed at d is- p. 29, respectively.) Witfr f resh bat-
tances fa ll ing with in the red lines on teries, the monitor lamp will come on
the scale. with in about ten seconds and will
M in im u m f lash-to-subject d istance,on
the other hand , varies with the aper-
ture set from 0.5 to 1.8m (1 ft. B in. to
6 ft.); see the specifications(p. 6) for
details.At distancesshorter than these,
subjectswill be overexposed.
6. For normal exposure, set the lens
aperture to the same F-number as set
on the f lashgun.
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beginto blink on and off within about be between one and 23 seconds,de-
23 seconds.For full power,the moni- pending upon subject d istance.At
tor must be flashingbeforethe flashis partial power with monitor glowing
fired. lf necessaryor desirable,how- steadily, number of flasheswill be
ever,it may be f iredwhile only lighted from about 100 to 1 100; recycling
before starting to flash, but in this time, from about one to 14 seconds.
case, to assure adequate exposure, For more flashesor shorter recycling
maximum flash rangeshould be con- times, use an Ni-Cdcartridgeor 510v
sideredto be the distanceappearing batterypack (seep.271
at a point halfway between the F-
numberat which the index is set and *CAUTION:
the next F-numberto the right of it. At settingsto the left of the 5-aperture
Further,in this casethe manualguide greenareaon the dial, adjustmentof flash
numberis 38 for calculationsin meters duration is not automaticand will be at
at ASA 10O,62in feet at ASA 25,or fu ll powerat a f ixed 1/600 sec.
2l in metersat DIN 18.
8. Fire the flashby releasingthe camera
shutter. At full power with monitor
f lashing,numberof f lashesper AM bat-
tery cartridgewill be betweenabout
70 and 900,and recyclingtime willView original page 16Page 17 · Read text
Manual operation
For non-automatic exposures at the 3. Note the F-numberappearingopposite
max im u m f lash d u rat ion of 1/600 sec.: the appl icable flash-to-subjectdistance
1. Make f ilm-speedand other cameraand at any point on the f lash d ial (green-
flash adjustments as indicated in in- area range lim its are not applicable in
structions 1 th rough 4 on pp. 12 and 13. manual operation). Then set the lens
2. Turn the control knob index to the aperture on the camera to this F-
MAN UA L setting. number for normal exposure.
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4. Further operation is as described in NOTE:
instructions7 and B on pp. i4 and 15. Exposureat aperturesindicatedshould
Because the flash operates at fixed be correct for subjectsand surrounding
maximum duration on manual, how- conditionsof averagereflectivity.With
ever, the number of flashes at full very light-coloredsubjectsandlorin small,
power would be about 70, with a bright rooms,etc., exposuremay needto
23-sec. recycling time; at partial be reducedby closingthe lens aperture
power, about 100 with 14 sec. Fur- down somewhat. Dark-coloredsubjects
ther, at partial power, the lens aper- and/or large, high rooms; outdoors at
ture should be opened one-half stop night;and comparableconditionsgeneral-
more than indicated by the dial. ly requireincreasingexposuresomewhat
by openingthe lensaperture.The exact ( W i t h A S A 2 5 o r D l N 1 5 f i l m , f o r
number of stops' increaseor decreaseinexample, the flash dial indicatesan aper-
exposurewill of coursevary with indi-ture of between F4 and F5.6 for a subject
vidual conditions.lt is generallyrecom-5m or 16 ft. from the flash. Set the
mendablein non-averageconditionstocamera lens aperture to the F-number
take "bracketed" exposuresat severalopposite the applicabled istance- say, be- differentapertures.tween F4 and F5.6 for a distance of 5m
or 16 ft., or one-half stop farther open,
i.e.,atF4for partial power - and proceed
to shoot.)View original page 18Page 19 · Read text
WI DE SW]TCH AND DIFFUSER
The clear guard window with the storage slot, push the non-tabbed
NORMAL sl.ritch setting will provide longer edge of it against the spring
proper f lash coverage and exposure f or tension into the retaininggroove above
* the slot, and secureit in place over thelensesof normal or longer focal length.
For wider-anglelenseshaving a diagonal f lash tube with the lower edge behind
* * the two small tabs at the bottom ofangleof view of up to about 85o:
1 . G rasp the tab and pu ll the opal plastic the guard window.
wideangle d iff user plate out of its
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2. To adjust the computer and dial for 3. Proceed as for usual operation (p.12],.
proper exposure, snap the wide/nor- In wide.as in normal operation, if the
mal sruitch all the way to the Wl DE flash is to be fired while the monitor
positio n . lamp is only lighted but not blinking, the
max im u m range is the d istance that ap-
pears at a point halfway between the F-
number at which the index is set and the
next F-number to the right of it. The
manual guide number in wide operation
in this caseis 1B for calculationsin meters
at ASA 100, 30 in feet at ASA 25, or 13
in metersat D I N 1 8 .
* (i.e., 50mm or more on full-frame
35mm cameras)
** (i.e., down to 24mm focal length on
f u ll-frame 35mm cameras)View original page 20Page 21 · Read text
OPEN FLASH
Th is techn ique may be usefu I to i l- For open f lash, d isconnectthe f lash
luminate large, dark subjectsor obtain and cameraand usethem independently:
special effects such as "stroboscopic"- With the camerastationaryon a tripod or
type multiple exposures.lt can of course other f irm support,open the shutterand
alsobe usedunderdark or dim conditions fire the f lashas many timesas desiredby
to make single exposureswith non- meansof the open-flash/testbutton.
synchronizedcameras. The button merely acts to triggerthe
flash in place of the camera shutter's
sync. snritch.Flashduration is still cont-
rolled by the sensorin automaticopera-
tion and remains fixed at maximum
power on manual.F lashdial settingsand
indicationsand exposureproducedwill
th us be the samewith open f lash as in
usualauto or manualoperation.That is,
auto d ial settingswill generallyproduce
correct oneshot exposure with the
cameralensset at the sameaperture(see
p.14), while the manualsettingwill yield
proper exposure at corresponding aper-
turesand subjectdistances(seep.16).
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FILL.IN FLASH WITH DAYLIGHT
Prooer balance between f ill-in and 2. From theseselecta suitablecombina-
main illuminationis a matterof personal tion in accordancewith electronic-
tasteand the effect desired.Particularly f lash synchronization range of the
with auto flash, it involvesa fairly com- camera and the availableF-stopson
; plex set of interactingvariablesand can the f lashunit controldial.
be accomplishedin a number of ways. 3. Set the f lashdial indexto the metered
The instructionsgiven here are intended aperture,but close the cameraaper-
to serveas a generallyworkablebasisfor ture down one F-stopfrom that aper-
adjustmenttowardobtainingthe specific ture for makingthe exposure.
resultyou want with direct f ill-in. (Re-* (Say,for example,that meteredcom- memberthat the wideanglediffuserand binations for proper exposure include setting can be used to decreaseeffective 1 / 1 5 s e c .a t F 1 6 , 1 l 3 Oa t F 1 1 , 1 / 6 0 a t flash brightnessfor closershootingwhere FB, 11125 at F5.6, 11250 at F4, etc. needed.) Camera electro-flashsync. is through
1/60 sec.,and aperturesavailableon the Auto operation flashdialat ASA 100or DIN 21 : F2.8,4, 1. Usingyour camera'sbuilt-inexposure 5.6, B and 11. Suitablecombination meteror a separateone,determinethe chosen:1160at F8. The f lash-dialindex aperture/shutter-speedcombinations is set to 8; but cameraaperture,to F11. for properexposurewith the available Flash-to-subject d istance for the effect daylight. sought:Up to 5.6mor 1Bft.).View original page 22Page 23 · Read text
Manualoperation
1 . Set the control knob index to indicatesF 11 at the maximum usable
MANUAL. ProperF-numberfor usual shutterspeedof 11100,this speedis set
exposure will appear on the scale on the camera,but the lensapertureis set
oppositethe figure indicatingthe dis- at Fl6forexposure.)
tancefrom flashto subject. The auto or manual proceduresout-
2. Use a built-in or separateexposure linedaboveshouldunderusualconditions
meter to determine proper shutter produce noticeablef ill-in with subject
speed for the daylight illumination emphasisthat will perhapsbe mostaccep-
present.Set this speedon the camera tableto a majorityof people.
if it is within the X-sync.range.lf not, Another method that will tend to
exposureconditionsmust be adjusted lightenand emphasizeexistinglight and
as neededby changingthe subject-to- subordinatefill-in light is to set the
flash distance(perhapsusinga lensof cameraapertureat the meteredor indi-
differentfocallength),usingthe WIDE cated aperture (rather than closing it
switchand panel,or otherwise. down one stop) but set the control-knob
3. Closethe lensapertureon the camera index one or preferablytwo stops left of
down one stop from the indicated it. (Example:Suitablemeteredor indi-
aperture,and proceedto shoot. catedcombination:1/60 at F11; camera
(lf, for example,with ASA 160 or apertureset to F'11, but flashdial set to
DIN 23 film, the flashdial indicatesan FB or F5.6, the latter of which will
aperturebf F11 for a subject5m or 16 ft, producethe leastf ill-inand most detailin
from the flash, and the meter reading h ighlights,)
www.orphancameras.comView original page 23From the M. Butkus archive. Original publisher and archive notices are retained.
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