Nikon Speedlight SB-22 User manual

Nikon
AutofocusSpeedlight





   INSTRUCTIONMANUAL
                                      r

FlashUnifCouplersAS-4andAS-7.. .                      Thank you for purchasingthe Nikon Auto-
 DCUnitSD-7.                                        focus SpeedlightSB-22.We hope the SB-22
SPEC|F|CAT|oNS....                                              will make photographya much biggerpart
                                                           of your life. Get to know your SB-22, but
                                                   before using it, be sure to read both your
                                           camera instructionmanual and this man-
                                                          ual. Nikon cannot be held responsiblefor
                                                 malfunctions resulting from use of the  The NikonNB00Band N40O4sare sold exclu-
   sivelyin the U.S.A.                            SB-22 other than as specifiedin this man-
  The NikonN2020and N2000are sold exclu-             ual,or from use of the SB-22with a camera
   sivelvin the U.S.A.and Canada.                made by a manufacturerother than Nikon.

For Nikon F-401s/N4004scamera users           For Nikon F4 users
Readthe followinginstructionscarefullywhenusingthe   oFor F4 seriescameras.Nikon offerstwo versions-
SB-22with F-401s/N4004scamera.                 NikonF4swith High SpeedBatteryPackMB-21con-
1. Nikon F-401s/N4004scamerais designedfor use    tainingsix AAtype batteries,and Nikon F4 with Bat-
  with AF Nikkor lenses,except AF-Nikkor80 mm     tery Pack MB-20 containingfour AA{ype batteries.
  t12.8,200mm f/3.5 IF-EDand AutofocusConverter  Whenused with SB-22,both of them are operablewith
  TC-16/TC-16A.                                the same instructions.
  For most photosin this manual,apertureis set by
   rotatingthe lens aperture ring. With the F-401s/
  N4004s,however,apertureis set using camera's    Nikoncannotbe heldresponsiblefor malfunctions
  aperturedial.                                       or otherproblemsresultingfrom the use of other
  Do not forget to set and lock the lens at its smallest    manufacturers'flashunits,camerasor accesso-
  aoenure.                                               ries,includingexternalpowersources.
  For limiteduse of non-AF Nikkor lenses,see the
  F-401s/N4004sinstructionmanual.
2. Mostof the explanationsin this manualdealingwith
  ProgrammedTTL Auto Flash,TTL Auto Flash,etc.,
  apply to shootingdark subjects.However,by set-
   tingthe F-401s/N4004sto program,aperture-priority
   or shutter-priorityauto exposure mode, with the
  SB-22setto TTL,automaticbalancedfill{lashis pos-
   siblein situationswherefilljlashis effective,evenwith
  a brightsubject.For details,seethe F-401s/N4004s
   instructionmanual.(ln manualexposure mode, or-
   dinaryTTL fill-flashis possible).


4                           www.orphancameras.com

OPERA
lnstallingBatteries





 l.  Slide down the battery      -'penlight)-Load  four 1.5V AA-Upe      3.-- To reattach battery   chamber cover and lift                  alkaline-           chamber cover, align the
it out.                    manganese or manganese  black indices on the cover
                               batteries or 1.2Y NiCd bat-  and flash unit, then slide the
                                  teries into the battery         cover up as far as it goes.
                           chamber.
                            For batteryinformation,see page
                           6 1 .

                                                                                             J a J  -  I  I  I  I  -  I  I  I  I x  I  I  -  -  \  t
                                                            f                                         n. an externalpower source,Nikon DC Unit   :
                                                            I  SO-zis optionallyavailable.See page 64.            I
                          r-lt r r r - r - r r r - - - - - t - J

                            www.orphancameras.com

AttachingFlashUnitto Camera





{---  Turnthe mountlngfoot      _f,-'  Slidemountlngloot         $. Tightenlock nut firmly.   lock nut clockwiseas lar      forwardInto tlie camera's
as it goes.                accessoryshoeas lar as lt
                         goes.




   a  r  -  - E  -  I  -  -  -  -  -  -  I  I  -  -  -  i                                                                                                                                                       J    '   .   .   I   I   I   I   I   I  -   I   I   I   I  -  - T   \
   With Nikon F3-seriescameras with DE.2or  It    With F4 with Waist-Level Finder DW-20 or    I
   DE-3finder:AttachFlashUnitCouolerAS-4or        6x High-Magnification Finder DW-21 at-    I
   AS-7 to camera's accessory shoe before       tached: TTL RemoteCord SC-24is reouired.   I
   mountingthe SB-22. The SB-22 cannot be                                                                           I
   mountedon F3-seriescamerawith the other                                                                          I
      f inders.                                ,t                                                                    ,
    t t : r r - - - - r - r - - - - r - s J

Flash Mode Selector
Youcan selectany of fiveflashexposuremodes-TTl,   (MD)-usingthe SB-22'sflashmodeselector.Thechart
Non-TTLAutomatic(A1, A2), Manual(M) or Manual  shownon thispage indicatesthe flashmodecompati-
Flash ExposureControlwith Motor Drive Operation   bilitywith Nikon cameras.
Usable Flash Modes with Nikon Cameras
                       Flash mode
  Nikon Camera                                              Remarks
               TTL   A1IA2  M/MD
  F4                 o * r      o        o          Matrix Balanced TTL-Flash possible.
  F-801/M8008               o        o       2 Matrix Balanced TTL-Flash possible.
                                             *3  F-501/N2020     o * 3      o        o       ProgrammedTTL Auto Flashpossiblewith Al-Stype lenses.
                                                  .o  F-401lN4004       o * 4      o        o       ProgrammedTTL Auto Flashpossiblewith AF Nikkorlenses.
                                               *s  F-301/N2000     o ' 5      o        o       ProgrammedTTL Auto Flashpossiblewith Al-S{ype lenses
  F3-series              x        o        o      Via AS-4 or AS-7 coupler
                                                       'u  FAIFE2               o * 6      o        o          All shutterspeed settingsexcept M250 or B.
  FMzIFG.zO         x        o        o
                                                                        .t FG                 o '       O        o          All shutterspeed settingsexcept M90 or B.





                           www.orphancameras.com
1 0

TTL Auto Flash with Nikon F4 or F-801/N8008
The SB-22takesfull advantageof the F4 and F-801/     -----gmeras                                                                   ExposureNBO0B'sbuilt-incomputerto automaticallysynchronize                 ----\                                                           Mode PD'/P/PH/S/A   M                                                                                                          -----\\the camera'sshutterspeedand lensaperturefor pre-    MeteringSystem
cisely     controlled             exposures.                    The                              capability                                         to manage
wider     brightness             rangesand                      use                                  fillJlashunder                                  more    MatrixMetering            MatrixFillBalancedFlash     StandardFlashTTL
complexconditionsvariesfrom automaticoperationto                                                                           Center-Weighted                                                                                         TTL                                                                                                 Standardmoreadvanceduser-controlledootions.                Center-WeightedMetering                                                                                          Fill-Flash                                                                                               Flash
WiththeNikonF4or F-BO1/NB00B,by settingtheSB-22                      - .
to TTL autoflashmode,you willachieveadvancedyet    SpotMetering                   StandardTTLFlash
simplifiedfill-flashphotography.                                   ".. For F-801/N8008only.                                                        ForF4 onlyYoucan chooseany of the followingflashcategories-
MatrixBalancedFill-Flash,Center-WeightedFill-Flash  Note:
or StandardTTL Flash,accordingto the camera's  WhenusingF4 withDW-20or DW-21attached,onlystandard                                            TTLflashis ooerabie.meteringsystemand exposuremode.





                                                                                     1 1

Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash                      Standard TTL Flash
A featureof Nikon SLR modelswith a multi-segment Can be used with either Matrixor Center-Weighte
lightmeter(MatrixMeter).The camera'sMatrixMeter   Metering.lt differsfrom BalancedFill-Flashby allowing
readsthe scene'slightlevelsand patterns,thensignals  you to manuallyselectflashcompensationinsteadof
the computerto calculateavailablelightexposureset-   havingthecomputerselectit-you selectcompensation
tings.Whenthe shutteris released,the camerasenses  usingthe camera'sexposurecompensationdial. See
availablelight and flash illumination,then relaysthis  page30.
informationto the computer,whichdeterminesappro-   Matrixand Center-Weightedmodesalwaysincorporate
priateflash exposurecompensation.When it senses  computercompensation,even if manualadjustments
the rightamountof flashilluminationfor a balancedfill-  are made. In standardTTL mode, only the manually
flashexposure,itturnsoffthef lash.Theresultiscorrectly  selectedcompensationis used.
exposedbackgroundand foregroundsubjects,and
a preciselybalancedexposure.

Center-Weighted  Fill-Flash
Where MatrixMeteringmeasuresup to five different
segmentsof scene brightness,the Center-Weighted
Metermeasuresthe entirescene and emphasizesits
readingon the centerarea.lf the brightnessvalueyou
selectis withinthe controlledshutter/aperturerange,
flash output is automaticallyset for a naturalfillJlash
effect.The computer-selectedcompensationavailable
varieswith each NikonSLR model.For details,check
your cameramanual.lf you selecta brightnessvalue
beyondthe controlledshutter/aperturerange,the flash
outputwillbe setwithoutcompensation,as in standard
TTL flashoperation.
                           www.orphancameras.com
1 2

PD', P or PH mode
                                               With F4, apertureis automaticallycontrolledbetween
                                                 the lens' maximumapertureto minimum,and shutter
                                          speed between 1/60 and 11250sec. appear in the
                                            camera'svieMinder.
                                              With F-801/N8008,check to confirmcontrolledaper-
                                                    ture betweent12.8and the lens'minimumaperture,and
                                             a shutterspeed between1/60 and 11250sec. appear
                                                           in the camera'sviewfinderand LCD panel.                                                                 *                                                  For F-801/N8008only.
    Lightly pressshutter releasebutton and   o  For overexposurealert,Hl appears(togetherwith9.   conilrm exposure,                               lens'minimumaperturefor F-801/N8008)in the po-
                                                           sitionindicatingthe camera'sshutterspeed.





                           www.orphancameras.com
1 4

S mode                               A mode
With F4, check camera's viewfinderto confirm the  Checkto confirmthe selectedapertureand a controlled                                                                        '11250selectedshuttersoeed between4 and 11250sec.and   shutterspeed between1/60 and      sec.
a controlledaperturebetweenthe lens'maximumaper-
ture to minimum.                                                             .  For overexposurealert,Hl appearsin the position
WithF-801/N8008.checkcamera'svieMinderand LCD       indicatingthe camera'sshutterspeed.Selectsmaller
panelto confirmthe selectedshutterspeed between     aperture.      '1125030 and      sec. and a controlledaperturebetween
t12.8and the lens' minimumaoerture.

In the S mode,when you selecta shutterspeedfaster
than1/500sec.,thenturnthe flashunitON,the camera
automaticallyshiftsto 1/250 sec.
 .  For overexposurealert,Hl appearsin the position
   indicatingthe camera'saperture.





                                                                                     1 5

l!.    Lightly press shutter     13'-'  Fullydepressshutter        f {.Turn off the SB-22.    release button and view-      reteasebuttonto take
finder ready-light comes on   picture.
to indicate flash is ready to   Unlessviewfinderreadylightblinks
lire.                               afterthe shot,your flashexposure
                                       will be perfect;if it doesblink,pic-
                                  ture may be underexposed-
       For  blinking ready-    movecloserto subject
         light warnings, see
      page45.
                           Do not fire flash toward or
                                near the eyes;it may dam-
                              aoethe retina.



                                                                                     1 7

d#$Slri            ffi            il          I    H           il:                        ffi     n       gl$    A4l$     iiliiln    j+ji*       'ij#ij     i!:+:{{   fiFtrn*iih        For exposurecontrolprocedureof each exposure
    For Matrix TTL Flash                     mode,see the camera'sinstructionmanual.
                                                           In P, PH, PD (forF-801/NB00Bonly)or S mode,con-    Setexposuremodeto M, and followprocedure                                                         firm lens is set to minimum aperture (largestf-     for MatrixBalancedFill-Flash.                                                number).lf not set, shutterlocks.
    For Center-Weighted  Fill-Flash                 In P, PH, PD (F-801/N8008only)orS mode,non-
                                    CPU lens is not usable.Set exoosuremode to A.    Set exposuremode to PD (for F-801/N8008
    only),P, PH, S or A. Followprocedurefor
    MatrixBalancedFill-Flash,but set camera'sex-
    posuremeteringsystemto Center-Weighted.
   For Center-Weighted TTL-Flash
   Setexposuremodeto M,andfollowprocedure
    for Center-WeightedFill-Flash.





I
I t r r r r n r n r r r - - n r : : #                            www.orphancameras.com1 8

ProgrammedTTL Auto Flash Shooting(with Nikon F-501/N2020,F-4O1s/N4004s
or F-301/N2000)
Steps7 through9 provideinslructionsfor programmed
TTL autoflashshootingwiththe NikonF-501/N2020,
F 4O1s/N4004sor F 301/N2000camera.
Forotherflashexposureoperations(ftL auto,non-TTL
autoandmanualflashexposureoperations)see"SET
TINGCAMERASHUTTERSPEED"on pages24to 25
and "DETERMININGAPERTURE,"pages26Io 42.


                                            Set the SB-22'sflash mode selector                                                                         /.
                                          tO TTL.
 &WW    w.  W.    ffi  w   w  w      ffi  W  w      ffi  w  W  W   #e  wW,  *   Fortheflashshootingrangein programmedTTLauto'#  For programmedTTL automaticflash opera-  &  maticoperation,seethe tableon page29.
    tion,notethe following:                    The patternedbar in the middleof the flash shooting
       . Use Al-S type lenses only. With Nikon      distancerangeindicatorsalso showsthe flash shoot-
     F-401s/N4004s,useonlyAF-Nikkorlenses,      ing rangein programmedTTL automaticoperation.
     exceptAF-NikkorBOmmf12.B,20Ommf/3.5      To read the programmedaperture,set the film speed
    lF-ED  and  Autofocus  Converter      knob.The figureat the left of the patternedbar is the
    TC-16/TC-164.                        programmedaperture.
       . For autoJocusoperation,set the Nikon
     F-501/N2020'slocusmodeselectorto S for
     Single Servo Autofocusmode, or set the
     Nikon F-401s/N4004sto A for autofocus
     mode. For details,see pages 21 to 23.
    *    w     "eae    affi    9q6j   '/@t    ;vpt    ?&8.:  &94     g.b.i.   4r'n7'  %1       r.ffi   "w    w6   w    w    w
                                                                                     1 9

( r          a )

                                                                 \__/'

3-'button.Lightlypresscamerashutterrelease         {-- - Confirmwhetherthe greenin-focus                                              indicatorLEDlightsup,thenfullydepress
Whenready-lightcomeson but ambientlightis insuffi-  the shutterreleasebutton.
cient for aulofocusoperation,AF illuminatorfires to      lf focus-not-possibleindicatorLED ( x ) remainslit
startautofocusoperation.                   when using the Nikon F4, F-801/N8008or
lf ambientlightis sufficient,the AF illuminalordoesnot   F-501/N2020,or if focusindicatorLED (r) blinkswith
fire                                         NikonF-401s/N4004s,autofocusflashphotographyis
                                                 impossible.Focus manuallyon the clear mattefield.





                                                                        23

DETERMININGAPERTURE
TTL Mode
(for TTL Automatic Flash ExposureControl)
TTL modeis for exclusiveuse with NikonF4, F-801/N8008,F-501/N2020,
F-401s/N4004s,F-301/N2000,FA, FEz and FG camerasonly.
For TTL autoflashoperationwith the Nikon F4, be sureto set the camera
to MatrixMeteringand to manualexposuremode.And withF-501/N2020,
F-401s/N4O04sor F-301/N2000, be sureto set the camerato aperturepri-
ority auto or manual exposuremode.
ForcorrectexposurernTTLmode,usefrlmwrtha frlmspeedspecifiedin
thetablebelow:
                                                              SB-22's mode selector              Camera                              Film soeed         1.Set
   F4.F-801/8008,F-501/N2020andF-301/N2000      ISO 25 to 1000            to TTL.
      F-401s/N4004s,FA, FE2 and FG            ISO 25 to 400

To determineaperturewith the SB-22'sapertureselection/shootingdis-
tancerangepanelfor TTL autoflashoperation,readthe following:
 (For programmedTTL auto flash operation,see pages 21 to 22.)





                            www.orphancameras.com
26

LAlign         film speed in use      $,.-- Selectand set aperture.   with the film speed index.     The aperturescale windowshowsusableapertures(Dependrngon
Note:  Lrnes between  the numbers on    film speedin use,all usableaperturesmay not be shownin the aperture
the  lilm speed scale  represent  tnter-   scalewindow;for usableapertures,see tableon page 29.)
medtale selttngs (See tltustralron)      For example,with the film speedindexat ISO 100,you can selectany
                              aperturetrom ll2Io t122.Selectingf/4 letsyou take picturesof subjects
             3 2 r             O Bm to 6.2m(approx2 6ft to 30ft.)away





                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         l  l

Exposurecompensationin TTL mode          Forexample,with ISO100lilmandcamera'sexposure
Witha darksubject(withlow rellectivity)orone that is   compensaliondial set at +2, read25 on the tableand
light in tone (havinghigh reflectivity),over- or under'   resetthe SB-22'sfilmspeedindexto 25
exposuremay occur. To prevent this, compensate  With an apertureof tl4, the flash shootingdistance
exposureby rotatingcamera'sexposurecompensalion range-whichis 0.Bmto 6.2m (z 0tt to 20ft.)at ISO                                                  'roo-shifrs                                                            ro 0 6m to 3.1m(2 Oft.to 10ft.)at lso 25.dial. With the FG, push the exposurecompensatton
button (Fordetails,see camerainstructionmanual.)   The Nikon F-401s/N4004shas no exposurecompen-
The shootingdistancerangefor TTL automaticflash   sationdial,and compensatesexposurewith automat-
operationvarieswith the amountof exposurecompen'    ic balancedfill-flash.
sation.For compensateddistancerange,see tableat
right, then reset film speed setting on the back of
SB-22



                            www.orphancameras.com
30

A1 or A2 Mode (for Non-TTL Automatic
Flash ExposureGontrol)
Usethe SB-22on 41 or A2 mode for automaticopera-
tion with Nikon Cameras other than Nikon F4t,
F-801/N8008t,F-501/N2020,F-401s/N4004s.,
F-301/N2000,FA, FE2 and FG. The followingproce'
dure letsyou selectaperturewiththe SB-22'saperture
selection/shootingdistancerange panel for non-TTL
auto flash ooeration.
 '  For Non-TTLautomaticoperationwith F4, F-801/N8008,
                           sureto set                      be  F-501/N2020or F-301/N20O0,                                      thecamerato    '1.                                  mocle.                          exposure                                                Align film speed in use with lilm speed               auto or manual  aperture-priority
 "  Non-TTLautomaticoperationts not posslblewhenNikon     index.   F-401s/N4004srSset to eitherprogrcmor shutter'priority
   autoexposurcmocle                                  Note;                                                       With Nikon F4, exposure compensation possib/e within the
                                                  range of +2; with Nikon F-801/N8008,possiblewithinthe
                                                rangeof 15.





                            www.orphancameras.com
JZ

Next turn on flash unit and take
                                                               shot in the same manner shown
                                                                            in "OPERATION"steps10 to 14.




3. Set SB-22'smodeselector  4. $t your chosenaperture.   to A1 or A2 accordingto      WithNikonF-401s/N4004s,use
the selectedaperture.        camera'saperturedial.





                            www.orphancameras.com34

Shooting distance  range  in A1 or A2 mode
   Regardlessof the film speed and the corresponding
    f/stopavailableat 41 or 42, the auto shootingrangeis
   as shownin the followingtable.I
   Auto shooting range
                               With wide-flash     Selector mode   Normal                                   adapter
        A 1        0 . 6 - 3 . 1 m    0.6-2.2m
        A2        0.8-6.2m     0.6-4.4m
                                         Exposurecompensationin Al or A2 mode
                                               With a dark background(one with low reflectivity)or
                                           one that is lightin tone(havinghighrefleclivity),over-
                                                      or underexposuremay occur Topreventthis,compen-
                                                   sateexposureby stoppingdownor openingaperture
                                               Witha darkbackground,stopdownthe aperture1/2to
                                           one full f/stop;when the backgroundis light in tone,
                                           openthe aperture1/2to one fullf/stop
                                                Withthe NikonF-401s/N4004s,set apertureusingthe
                                               camera'saperturedial.I
I





                                                                                                                                                     -a