PACEMAKER CROWN AND SPEED GRAPHIC User manual

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PACEMAKEBCRtlWNAND$PEEDGRAPH                                 instruction  and reference manual

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pASEMAKER GRAeHIG GAMERAs  fs  sr-.s   . 2 Modets                                                                                                                    I
The instructions in this manual are applicable to all Pacemaker Graphic Cameras.
Speed,Graphic Cameras have a focal plane shutter while Crown Graphics do not.
Althqugh most illustrations are of the larger 45 size, the instructions are equally
applicableto the smaller 23 and 34 Cameras.AII directions, left and right, are from
the operator's position behind the camera.
  Most instructions apply to the Graflok Back and the Graphic accessoriesac-
cepted by them. For information concerning the use of the Graflex Back and the
Graflex film accessoriesaccepted by them see Page 25.
  Every effort has been made to make your camera dependable,convenient and
easy to use. The following pages will review basic operation and will explain the
purpose-      and use of the many features built into the eamera.
  For those who wish more detailed information on lighting, exposure and other
areasof photograFhy, a bibliography has been provided on Page 45.

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Sports Viewfinder Frome

              Sporti Viewf ind er
                   Eyep i ece
            Opticol Viewfinder
                   Eyep i ece

         Rongefinder Eyepiece

                    Slide Locks
          Shutter Winding Key
   FocusingPonel ReleoseArm

        Shutter Speed Window

         Shutter Selector Slide
      Groflite Mounting Brocket

              FocusingPonel
              Dork Slide Clip
Focol Plone Shutter Flosh Fitting
          FocusingH ood Lotch
   FocusingPonel ReleoseArm
                    Slide Locks
               Body Releose

         Speed Control Lever

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O P E N I N G   T H E  C A M E R A :
 1. Press the bed releasebutton at the      tion. (See Page 9 about additional
   top center or top left eorner of the     stops for multiple lens use.)
   eamera body (appearsas a bump in   4. Relock the front standard.
   covering).                                          5. The sports viewfinder frame may be
2. Lower door or bed until  it locks in a       lifted by pinching inward against the
   horizontal position.                     side of the extendableframe and pull-
                                             ing upward as far as possible. Swing
3. Swing the front standard lock lever     the sports viewfinder eyepiece to an
   out straight and pull  it outward on      upright position. Adjust parallax for
   the track to the infinity stops; these      6', 8', L5', or infinity. (See page 23
   stops are hinged and should be in an      for use of optical viewfinder.) On 45
   upright  position. Fold the  infinity     Cameras adjustment  is on eyepiece
   stops down to move the front stand-      --on 23 and 34 Camerasadjustment
   ard beyond the normal working posi-       is on lower viewfinder frame.
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G L O S I N G  T H E  C A M E R A :            b. Tilt the lensboard baek to its nor-
                                             mal, vertical position. Lock it.
1. Close the sports viewfinder frame.                                                 e. Bring the shift of the front stand-   Press evenly on both sides or tap the                                            ard to neutral.   top member with'the flat of thehand.
2. Swing down the sports viewfinder   4. Rack the track back to the limit of its
   eyepiece at the back of the camera.    movement.
3.  If  the  front  standard movements  D . Unlock the front standard and Push
  have been used, return them to nor-          it back into the eamerabody. Lock it.
   mal as follows:                         6. Press down on the bed braces to re-
   a. Drop the lensboard to the lowest     lease and close the bed. It  will lock
      position and lock.                    closed with a click.




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I N T E R C H A N G E A B L E uell as the top and botto'm will fi.t the front of
the Super Graphic althou,ghthey wiII not allow
L E N S E S the use of the hfiernal electrical systent,o.f tltat
The long bellows extension of the Pacemaker cQmera.

C H A N G I N G L E N S E S
1. To remove the lens and its board: slide
both lensboard slide loeks laterally to the
full out position. Lift the lens and shutter
assembly out.
lormally used although the Graphic Range- 2. To instalJ a lens: insert the lensboard as-
finder on the 45 models will accept eams sembly with the shutter release toward
matching all lenses normally used with the the side of the eamera as shown. The body
camera. release arm should engage the shutter re-
Lenses mou.nted on Super Graphic lensboard lease lever as shown. Press lensboard
assemblies tnaA be used on the P acemaker firmly into the front frame and slide both
Graphic l*5 Cameras. Pacemaker Graphic t+s lensboard slide locks to the full "in"
lensboards with raised bosses on the sides os position.

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I N F I N I T Y  S T O P S                and properly located for each lens. For
A set of infinity stops must be correctly  eameras equipped  with  a  Graphic
positioned for each lens used on the   Rangefinder each lens must be measured
eamera.(See Pg. 5.)                        optically for exact focal length so that a
    If infinity stops have not been factory   matching rangefinder eam ean be sup-
                                            plied with the lens. Be sure to identifyinstalled, they must be very carefully
located square with the film plane and  and recprd each lens, matching eam and
locked firmly in place.                    set of infinily stops for future referenee.
                                    Lensboards with 8 raised bosseswill  fit
                                   Super Graphic Cameras but must beL E N S  F I T T I N G                                          tripped externally.
Lens and shutter combinations may be    Lenses mounted on Pacemaker 4E
mounted on lensboards by your  local  Lensboardsmay be used on the Graphie
Service Dealer or Graflex Service Cen-  View through  the use of the special
 dr. Focusing scalesshould be provided   Graphic View lensboard adapter.

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GRAPHEX(X)SHUTTERo GnpherFullSync.o AllSizes
Cock:Move lever 4 to the right for all speedsincluding B & T.
Trip: Press lever 1 down.
ShutlerSpeedr:Revolve knurled ring 2 until desired shutter
speed number is over the index arrow head. Extra effort is
r6quired-shutterto overcome the booster spring at 1 1400.
B. will stay open as long as lever I is held down.
T. Press lever 1 to open shutter, press again to elose.
Prer Focur:Cock shutter (any speed setting).
To OppN: Pull down and in on lever 5.
To Closp: Lift lever 5 up.
sorfinsr: Set lever 8 opposite f- num-
B:Tl'.:ffi
cqbte Releore:Attach at 3. Use straight tip or
Kodak All-Metal.
Flo:h conneclion:ASA Bi-Post at 6. IJse Graflite
eords 270L, 2702, and 2810.
SYNCHRONIZATIONO GRAPHEX(X)
Gl EtectronicFlorh: Internal contacts operate everyo v time shutter is cocked and released.
Butbr: Use external synchronized solenoid for
type M bulbs.
SYNCHRONIZATIONo GRAPHEXFUtt SYNC.
ElectronicFlorh: Set lever 7 at F-X. Cock and
release.Use any shutter speed.
SM,SF,M-2 ond M-25 Bulbg:-Setlever 7 at F-X.
Cock and release. Use red shutter speeds only.
TypeM Bulbs:(Includes M-5 Bulbs). Set lever 7
at black M. Cock and release.Use black shutter speedsonly.
Set lever 7 at red M. Coek and release. Use red shutter
speeds. This permits use of slightly higher guide numbers
b-ecauseof more complete use of bulb output at these lower
speeds.
Graphex fully synchronized shutter can be synehronized
with- solenoid. When so used, lever 7 must be at "Of". 10

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SUPERMATIC(X) SHUTTERO ITASHSUPERMATICSHUTTER
cock: Move lever 3_to right for all speedsincluding B and T.
Trip:Press lever 1 down.
Shutl_erSpeeds:Revolve knurled ring until index arrow is over de-
sired shutter speed number. Black arrow over black rp"edr.
Red arrow over red speeds.
B: Shutter will stay open as long as lever 1 is held down.
T: Press lever I tq open shutter. Press again to close.PressFocus:Cock shutter (any speed). o
To oppu: Press in on button 4 whiie pulling down
lever 1.
To Closo: Reeoek shutter.
DiophrogmSeiling:Set lever 7 opposite f- number
desired.
Coble Release: Attach in cable release socket
behind lever 1. Generally filled with a small
45t plug which can be iemoved. _ O\Flosh Connection:ASA Bi-Post at 5 on No. Z
shutters. At 6 on No. 3 shutters. Ifse Graflite
cords 270L, 2702,2810.
SYNCHRONfZATIONo SuPERttiATtC(X)
ElectronicFlosh: Internal contacts operate every
time shutter is eoeked and released.
Bulbs: Use external, synchronized solenoid for Type
M bulbs.
SYNCHRONIZATIONo FIASH SUPERMAT|CSHUTTER
ElectronicFlosh:Internal contacts operate every time shutter
is eoekedand released.
sl^, sF,M-2 ond trn-25Butbs:Set lever 8 at F. Cock shutter with
lever 3. Add_itionally p-ull down cocking lever g. (ltt-2, Wt-is
Bulbs use 1/50 sec. or slower.) Releaseriith lever 1.
fyp" M Bulbs:(Includes M-5 Bulbs.) Set lever 8 at M. Cock with
lever 3. Additionally pull down cbcking lever 9 and trip witn
lever 1.
Flash Supermatic Shutter must not be used with solenoid.
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Cock:Move lever 6 to the right  for all speeds including B & T.
 Trlp: Press lever 1 down.
 ShutterSpeedr: Revolve knurled  ring 5 until  desired shutter speed number  is ovq  the
 index line. Extra  effort  is required to overcome the booster spiing at 1/400.
 B: Shutter  will stay open as lbng as lever 1 is held down.
 T: Press lever  I to open shutter, press again to close.
 PrerrFocur:Graphic Compur-Cock  shutter (any speed setting).
To OppN: Pres! down and in on lever ?.
To Closn: Lift lever 7 up.
Compur (other types)-Cock  shutter (any speed setting).
To OrnN: Press back on lever 7 while tripping-will shutter.*
To Closp: Recock shutter (shutter blades    have to close before it ean be fully  re-
            cocked).
Diophrogm Setfing: Set lever 8 opposite  f- number desired.
Coble Releoge:Attach  at 2. Use tapered  tip type or Kodak All-Metal.
Florh Connection:ASA Bayonet  at 4. Use Cat. No. 2808 Cord. DIN  or PC Connector at 4.
Use Cat. No. 282L or 272L Cord.
SYNGI{RONIZAIION:
ElecfronlcFlsrh: Set lever 3 at X. Cock and release.
Slt, SF,,{-2 cnd ltl-25 Eulbr: Set lever 3 at X. Use shutter speed 1/100 or slower. (M-2,
M-25 Bulbs 1/50 or slower.) Cock and release.
Typexl Bulbr:(Include M-5 Bulbs.) Set lever 3 at M. Cock and release.
tSnrr-Trurn:   Compur  (rol Graphic Conpur).  Some of thes  shutters  will not have the Press Focus lever de-
scribed but  will have a self-timer. When lever ? is prewd  back, lever 6 can be moved over farther  to the richt.
When le_verf-is presed,  shutter  blades will open in about 8-12 *conds.  For ground glas  focusing, set shuTter
at B and use locking type cable release to hold shutter open.

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BODY  RELEASE
The Pacemaker Graphic is equipped with a conveniently located body release.On
Speed Graphic Cameras a selector slide is also provided. When the selector slide is
in the "FRONT"  position the arm on the front standard will engage the shutter
releaselever and trip the shutter. With the selector slide in the "BACK"  position
the focal plane shutter will be tripped.
  To set the selector slide push in and.up or down to the desired setting.
  The selector slide may be used to releasethe focal plane shutter without firing
a flash lamp and is useful when  it becomes neeessaryto change shutter speeds.
To releaseshutter push in and up as far as it will go. (Trip)
           NOTE:When using the front shutter the focal plane
               shutter must be open and when using the focal
              plane shutter the  front  shutter must be open.

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Pacemaker Speed Graphic Cameras are equipped with
a focal plane shutter at the back of the damera. This
shutter has a wide selection of aecurate speeds in a
generally higher range than between the lens shutters.
rt provides for the use of telephoto or other lenses
which may- not be mounted in shutters. Generally
speaking, the focal plane shutter has more motioir'Where stopping ability than between the lens shutters.
ttrere is duplication of shutter speeds, either focal
plane qr front shutter may be used bt prdrerenceof the
user. If shutter speedsslower than U30 of a seeondare
required, use the front shutter.
To use the focal plane shutter:
1. Ope! the front shutter. (Set at "T" and open it or
use Press Focus feature.)
2. Set the selector slide at "back." (See Page 14.)
3. Turn the shutter winding key until the desired
shutter_speedappears in the shutter speed window.
F O G A L With the speed control lever moved toward the
back of the eamera the mask in the shutter soeed
P L A N E window will be raised to expose the following shut-
S H U T T E R ter speeds: 50, 250, 1000. With the lever moved forward a speed control governor is engaged-shutterand
the following figures will- be seen in tf,e
speedwindow: 30, L25,500. These numbers indicate
the ex-posuretime in terms of fractional parts of a
second.
cAurloN: Do Not Wind The Focal Plane Shutter with
the dark slide removed from the holder as the film
will be exposed.
To- maint-ain peak efficieney of the focal plane shutter, it is advis-
able to allow the curtain to run down ro the open (o) oi fully closed
position before putting the eamera away.

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T I M E E X P O S U R E S : FOGAL PLANE SHUTTER
Time exposure may be made with the focal FLASH SY N G H R O N I Z A T I O N
plane shutter. Since the length of eurtain travel is differentl. Move the speed control lever toward the for eaeh size of Paeemaker Speed Graphic back of the camera to disengage the Camera, the effective flash peak require- governor. ments vary. Henee, instructions for flash2. Wind or release the focal plane shutter synehronization with the Speed Graphi c 23 until letter "T" appears in the shutter Camera vary slightly from those for the peed window. larger Speed Graphi c 34 and 45 Cameras.3. Press the body releaseto allow the focal
plane shutter to run down to the full open 1. Attach the Graflite Battery Case to the
position. eamera.
4. Press the body release again to close the 2. Plug the Graflite eord into the synchro-
shutter at the end of the exposure time. nizer outlet on the camera and the shutter
NoTE: It is preferable to release the shutter outlet in the battery case
by means of a heavy duty metal cable re- Make the exposure by pressing the body
lease threaded into the cable release socket release. (Do not press the switch button
of the body release. on the battery case.)
s p EED GRAp Hrc i,;"rrlj"tL/lrf,,?*.Snlli*l'l; a"*{lllf; 23 GAM E RAS *"y be used at 1/1000 shutter speed only.
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Use only the No. 31 and No. 2A flash lamps at shutter
                             speeds of 1/1000 and L1250of a seeond. Synchronization
                             ean not be obtained at other instantaneous speeds.Speeds
                             marked in red serve as a reminder that they are not to
                             be used for flash synchrcnization.
                                              All types of flash lamps as well as high speed eleetronie
                                      flash units may be used with the Time exposure setting
FOR                         by means of the built-in contacts. The curtain should be
                                    set for the making of a Time exposure, previously out-
 SPEED  GRAPHIG        lined. (See Page 16.) The lamp will be fired as the curtain
                              reaehesthe full open position.34  and  45
                              The Graflex focal plane shutter will not fire a flash lamp
   CAMERAS             when the shutter eurtain is wound or when the shutter is
                                 released with the shutter seleetor slide since a secondary
                                  switeh connected to the body release makes it neeessary
                                      to release the focal plane shutter by the body release in
                                  order to fire the flash lamp.
                              NorE: If  the focal plane shutter has not been used re-
                                    eently, the contacts may have become oxidized. To insure
                            good contact wind and release the curtain occasionally,
                                    or at least a few times before using for flash.

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RANGEFINDER FOCUSING made to match a specific lens. Cams for the
Graphic Rangefi,ndernLaUnot be interchangedTO USE: with thosefor the Super Graphic Rangefi,nder.
1. Open camera as described on page 6. With the proper cam in position the range-
2. Move the front standard against the in- finder and parallax correcting viewfinder will
finity stops. Lo,ok, into thg rangefinder indicate true focus and field coverage of the
eyepiece and raek the traek forward until lens [unless the front standard adjustments
the image of your subject as seen in the (SeePages 26, 27, 28, 29,80) are usedl.
central, moving field exactly coincides
with the larger stationary image. The KALART R A N G E F I N D E R
field moves horizontally in the Graphic AND EXT R A L E N S E S Rangefinder and vertically in the Kalart. Additional lenses fitted to cameras equipped3. Lock the track. (Track lock not required with Kalart Rangefindersmust be focused by
on 23 Cameras.) ground glass or focusing scale. The Kalart
Rangefinder may be focused on the subjectG R A P H I G R A N G E F I N D E R and the distance read from the focusing
AN D EX TRA L E NSES scale matching the lens for which the Kalart
The Graphic Rangefinder is an integral part Rangefinder is adjusted and this reading
of the Pacemaker Graphic Camera body and transferred to the foeusing scale for the lens
functions with interchangeable eams each being used.
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TO  C H A N G E   THE  GRAPHIG
R A N G E F I N D E R    G A M :
1. Ope4  tlt"  eamera and  pull  the  front
   standard forward.
2. Rack the track forward about Z"  (until
   the actuator bracket clears the plurig"ri.
3. Hold down the rangefinder access door
   located under the top of the camera.
4. To remove the eam, pull the free end for-
  ward and out.
5. To  fit cam into rangefinder, hold  it with
   the long smooth edge facing the front  oi
   the camera. Slide the narrow end of the
  cam into the slot of the tube and under
    t!t"  rangefinder follower arm. Compres-
   sion of the spring in the tube will hold the
  cam in place agbinst the plunger.  If the

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LIGHT BEAM FOCUSING FOR 1. To install new batteries press in and to the left on the left end of the battery
NIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY eompartment cover at the back of the
When it is too dark to seethe imageclearly rangefinder housing.
by looking through the rangefinder,this 2. Remove old batteries.
rangefinder may still be used to obtain proper 3. Insert two f resh photoflash penlite bat-
focus by the projection of light from the bwo teries side by side in the battery eompart-
front windows of the rangefinder out to the ment. Position batteries so that they are
lined in series, positive to negative as
shown.
NoTE: Old batteries sometimes leak causing
corrosion. Do not store the camera with old
or well used batteries in place.
The Kolorl Focuspotm&f be attached to the top
of the Kalart Rangefinder to provide beam
f oeusing. A eonnecting eord f rom it to a
Graflite battery case with standard size D
batteries will provide the electrical energy.
of the camera. Full instructions aecompany each Focuspot.

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focused at 6 ft. focused at 15 ft. focused at infinity

SGALE indicated are from film position to the sub-
ject. Each focusing scale has been calibrated
FOCUSTNG especially for the lens supplied with it. If
this seale is used with any other lens, even
of the same make, speed and focal length,
A foeusing seale, and index scale for eaeh lens out of foeus pictures may result sinee lenses
to be used on the Paeemaker Graphic should do vary somewhat from their indicated focal
be installed on the bed and traek-along with length. Each lens must have its own focusing
a properly identified pair of infinity stops for seale, calibrated especially for it.
each lens to be used on the eamera. Be sure Foeus on greater distanees by matching
to use the proper set of infinity stops. the figures for the measuredsubject distance
The foeusing seales on Pacemakei Graphic indicated on eaeh seale.For shorter distanees
Cameras are of the modified vernier fype use the pointer at the front of the short index
with one part carried on the camera bed and scale set opposite the figure representing the
the other on the sliding track. The distances subject distance.

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THE  OPTIGAL
   \/TE\^'FTNDER


This is built into the Graphic Rangefinder and has
automatic  parallax  compensation. The  optical
finder is a separate item on other Graphics, all sizes.
  The optical viewfinder is often preferred to the
open frame finder in order to more clearly define the
limits of the field since it may be fitted with masks
of different sizes to correspond with the field eover-
age of various focal length lenses and different film
sizes used with the eamera. Both finders are used
to best advantage when the eye is held as closely
as possible to the rear elemeht.
  For parallar adjustment, set the eyepiece dial by
placing the number which most closely corresponds
to the distance from the subject opposite the line
along the top center of the finder.
(SeepageI*3for Table of Masksfor OpticalView fi,nder)


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T H E
GRAFLEX  BAGK
        A N D
   GRAFLEX
     HOLDERS




FOGUSING PANEL
To remove the Graflex Focusing Panel open the slide locks at the top and bottom
of the camera by sliding them to the side. These same slide locks are used to attach
and hold to the camera the various Graflex Film Holders listed below.
   Graflex Holders may be identified by the grooved light  traping  at the head end
of the holder while Graphic holders have a ridge. (See Illustration.)

       GRAFLEX   FILM  HOLDING  ACCESSORIES


Comero  Size

 2 V t x 3 V t          1 i l 2                                                                           I t49                 I r46
 3 % x  l V t           1 i l 3                                                                           I t 5 0              r l17
 1   x 5                            |  | 1 4                                                                          I l 5 l               r r48


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