Film cameras
Sears Tower Type III User manual
User manual for Sears Tower Type III. 36 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
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Document details
- Brand
- Sears
- Model / document
- Sears Tower Type III
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 36
- File size
- 2.4 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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I N T R O D U C T I O N
'l'O\\'|R 'l)'our 3i nrnr lpe lll (-amcra is a precision
insffur)rcnt.Searslaboratort tcchniciansancl buvcrs havc
rrorkecl uitlr the rnanuflrlurcrs olr flris cirmera for mofe
fhan a velr and a half beforc offerin{ it to t'ou. It is a
carnera that rvill lasr a lifetimc. if treated plrperir'.
'l lris brxrklet t:ives cietaile,l.bLLfsimpLeinsiructiottson its
r r s c a n c l p r r p c r c a r c . R l r A l ) I J O O K L I T l ' ( - A R l r l i t l L L \ ' .
iLnclkeep it hanclt for rcfercrrcc.
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Taken from www. butkus.ors/chinon
...* -J do*w
We have q,ritten this manrial in more detail anci mcre technically than
is necessarvfor the ordinary amateur PhotograPher. However, after: thc
amateur his progressed a little in photography, his curiosity will lead
him into more advanced stages and the following detailed information
is an attempt on our Pait to anticiPate a few of his. questions. On the
pxge to the right, we have condensed the steps to be taken when ad-
j"i;"g .u,rl.r"lo, picture taking. This is ali the beginner needs to know.
Everr lhe advanced amateur may frnd it well to memorize tl.rese steps
dnd review them occasionallY"
- !
N ( ) l ' . u - : : i r ' : ( t r r , . 1 i i l L r i r r r i i o i ' 1 , ' l ; ; i - r , ' r' , l i f ( q : l r r L [ ' : i " r I l ] r " " r ! l ' r ' L l
, - l r . f t t l J r t * i n g l t r q r . l j | f i l t i l l l - , ' t r ( ) t r , l j ) a r r ; l f l i l l t J L " r , , L . i ' ' L r r | \ " r i I l
l i r t r ' , t l i t : l ) i t ! : r ' , ) t r i t ! i : r r i h a t l r : l t , ( i f r c l l r l rView original page 3Page 6 · Read text
S P E C I A TN O T E
This 3) mm. camerais the
first camerain the TOWER
line to have shutter speeds
that must be set AFTER
the shutter has been com-
pletely wound. As you
wind the shutter, the film
is automatically advanced
(Illust. B). Thereis a top,
or main shutter speeddial,
that shows shutter speedsor exposurefigures frcm L/2o to l/)oo of
a.second.The lower speeddial (Illust. C) has sPeedsfrom Lf2O to
llme.
I. USE OF UPPER AND IOWER SPEEDDIATS
SThenwhen usinguslng lowerIowef speedsPeeddlaldial onon frontrront ofor cameta,cameta,thetne upperuPPefspeedsPeeodialolal "REDmust be placed on 20-1" which is neutral position, AFTER
SHUTTER HAS BEEN COMPLETELY \trOUND. \KzhenupperuPPerspeedsPeed
dial is on neutral position (Red 20-1) opposite arrow, then you can
brinsbring thethe lowerlower speedspeeddialdial intointo plav.play. NumbersNumbers onon speedspeeddialsdials indicateindicate
fractionsfractions ofof aa second.second.ForFor example,example,44 meansmeans V"/o ofof ia second,second.22 rneansmeans
rf second,etc. INTERMEDIATE SPEEDS CANNOT BE USED.
I7hen setting the speedon Bulb (B) on upper dial (Illust. C) the
shutter remainsopen while the releasebutton is presseddown. When
the releasebutton is released.the shutter sprinqs shut.
S7hen camerais operatedwith slow speed
dial set on Time (T), the shutter opens
when the releasebutton is Dressedand re-
mains open. To close shu[ter, turn slow
speed dial back to position 1, and the
sh.utterwill close immediately. There's no
nEed to press the releasebutton again to
close shutter.
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, M P O R T A N T :
To operate shutter on If20
of a second, it is necessary
to set both dials on RED 20
after you have wound shutter.
The upper main dial is moved
to various positions aftet
shutter has been completely
wound by merely lifting the
dial (Illust. D) and turning
it so number indicating the
desired speed is opposite ar-
row on accessofyshoe. (Illust. B.) Be sure upper dial is lowered or
seated into proper position when operating on any shutter speed.
LOWERSPEEDDIALCAN BE TURNEDAFTERSHUTTERHAS BEEN
COMPLETELYWOUND AND UPPERSPEEDDIAL HAS BEENSETON
RED20-r (U-LUST.E).
2. WINDING SHUTTERAND FIIM-
To wind shutter and wind film; turn winding knob in direction indi-
cated by arrow until it stops. By turning this knob until it reachesa
stop position, the film is advancedfor the next exposure,thus preventing
any possibility of a double exposure. Knob serves dual purpose, as it
also winds shutter sprinq.
o C A U T I O N :
b0 |r
Always wind shutter just
v, prior to taking picture.
-vH Never leave camera in a
wound position; this may
weaken shutter spring, or
you might accidentally FBF
pressreleasebutton and ex-
,ta pose film.
0)
J1View original page 7Page 8 · Read text
S M A t t A R R O W 3. EXPOSURE
N U M B E R E DD I S K COI'NTER
R A I S E Dt U G S MECHANISM-
The nurnbered disc iust
beneaththe winding knob
(Illust. F) is the expcsure
counter which automati-
cally records number of
exPosures. The counter
"0" should be set at after
camera has been loaded
with new film and the
shutter fully wound. This
disc is turned in a clockwisedirection by twc raised lugs. If disc is
"0",accidentallypushed beyond continue to push it on around a
"0"secondtime until lines up with small arrow. Do not attemPt to
turn this disc in a counter-clockwisedirecticn.
E X A M P L E
After film has beenloaded into camera(Seepages18-20), the winding
knob should be turned once around in direction of arrow until it stoPs.
Shutter releasebutton should then be pressedto releaseshutter. Once
more, give the winding knob one full turn to the stoppedposition. This
winds sufficient film ofi the full cartridge and on to the take-uP sPool
so that the portion of film accidentally exPosed to light duting the
loading processwill not be re-exposedas an attemPtedpicture. Thus, it
will prevent fogged pictures at the beginning of film. The numbered
"0"disc should then be set so the on disc is oPPositesmall arrow
(Illust. F). Shutterreleasebutton should again be Pressed,and the next
time the winding knob is turned into position it will automatically
advancefilm and bring disc to a stoP on number one on counting disc'
This indicatesyou are ready to take your first picture.
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4. COUPTEDRANGEFINDER
Your TOSTER 31 mrn camerahas a coupled
rangefinder.It is coupled with a helical type
focusing mount on the lens barrel. \(hen the
lens barrel is turned by depressingknob cn
focusing lever (Illust. A) and shifting lever in
either direction,barrel automaticallyturns on a
threadedtrack and movesforward or backward.
Accordingly,the rangefinderis automaticallyput
Correcl
focus
b
into operation. The rangefinderon the TO\7ER 35 mm camera is
the superimposed.image.type and absolutefocus is obtained when 2
images are superimposedupon each other and become fused into a
single image (Illust. G-b). The double image effect is produced bv
means of micrometer mcvement of the fine mechanismindicated in
Illust. GG. The small arm in this instanceis set againstthe inner base
of the lens barrel. As the lens barrel is rotated and thereby moved
backwardor forward, the leveling devicesadjust the mirror to such a
precisiondegreethat when the 2 imagesare fused, the lens is in per-
fect focus. Note especiallythat all longer focal length lensesare inter-
changeablewith TO\}7ER, Nicca, and most Leica camerts which have
coupled built-in rangefinders.
The rangefindereye-pieceis constructedwith a miniature telescopehav-
ing a magnificationof approximatelyl/2 times.This increasesthe accu-
ftcy and easeof focusing your TO\7ER 31 mm cameta. The viewingView original page 9Page 10 · Read text
, . E Y E B R O WR E S I ' '
aperture of the eye-Piece on the
rangefinder is adjusted by turning
"eyebrow the small rotating rest"
(Illust. J) on eye-piece.This com-
pensatesfor slight difference in the
human eye and facilitates the focus-
ing on nearor distantobjectsto Pro-
RANGE Fl N D E R vIEwFINDER duce the greatestpossiblesharpness.
5. PRACTICEIN USEOF RANGEFINDER-
Placecamerain position for picture taking (Illust. K) and sight through
the rangefinder (left) eye-pieceafld, at the same time, cover the left
rangefinderwindow (Illust. A) with the middle finger. In this case,
you will observeonly a small citcular field of a pinkish cast in which
only what you are focusing on will be visible. Be sure that your eye is
actually centered behind rangefinder eye-pieceso that you can get a
completecircular field of the image. This position being assumed,you
may now adjust the lens focusing lever to obtain the greatest possible
sharpness.Keep object in center of field, then remove your finger from
left window of rangefinder. You will then see a double image of the OF
object in a much larger circular field (Illust. G-u). Now tutn focusing a)
lever until the two images are fused JJ
inio one (Iilust. G-b). At this point
your lens is in correct focus. Practice this exercise until it becomes auto- tFB
rnatic and there is no need of placing
finger over the left rangefinder win- 'ln
dow. CAUTIONIt Do not confure o) J4
rangefi,nder taindou (left) u'itb reg- G'
alar "-iewfntler taindow (rigbt) (il-
lac. l).
'*1
l 0
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6. THE NIKKOR
5O mm t/2 IENS-
The eariy TOWER 3t mm camera is
equippedwith the f 12 50 mm lens, of the
collapsibletype (Illust. L). The 50 mm
lenses of the Leica, Nicca and TOS7ER
cameras with coupled rangefinders al'e
mostly interchangeable.Before taking a pic-
ture with the TO\7ER 3) mm camera it
is quite obvious that the iens cap should be
reuroved.Next puil out lens, grasping only front knurled ring (Illust.
L). Take care that only the FRONT KNURLED RING is gripped
between the fingers. Do not make a mistake and grip the second
knurled ring which ser.,'esto adjust the apertlrre.This secondring is
used to adjust the deiicateaperture within the lens, and if the lens
barrel were to be pulled out by secondring, and given a sharp hard
turn clockwise into locking position, it might damage the delicate
metal leavesin the iris diaphragmwithin the lens. Lock the lens into
position by turning it in a ciockwisedirection until it stops.This brings
the small flangesinto the groovesinside the lens mount. To push lens
back into camerabody, simply take hold of outer knurled ring and turn
in a COUNTER-clockwise direction. This disengagesflanges from
groovesin baseof lens mount. Then simply shovelens back into body
of crrnera.
$Zhen lens is not in use it should be collapsedinto its rlount ancl the
lens cap placed on its front. The lens focusing lever should also be
locked at the infinity position (m ) by press-
ing knob on end of lever, which permits
shifting lever into locked position. Long
focal length lensessuch as the 85 mm and
"telephoto" 135 mm (so-called lenses),are
focused by means of the knurled ring and
are non-coilapsible.Tirere is no lens focus-
ing leveron theselenses.(Seepages2)-)0.)
l lView original page 11Page 12 · Read text
i
Ii
L$I NOTE ESPECTALLY! Presentmodcl TOWER camerasareequipped
It with the non-collapsibletype lens (Illust. M). In tl.riscasethereis noth-
I
ing to pull out. Simply take the lens cap off before taking picture.
The non-collapsiblelensesfocus as close as l/2 feet. The rangefinder,
howevet,doesnot operatefcr distanceslessthan 312 feet,so any pic-
tures taken at less than 3r/2 feet will have to be measuredwith a tape
from camerato subject,and tl.recorrespondingdistanceset on distance
scalewith focusinglever.
$7hen measuringsucl.rshort distanccs,alwaysfireasurefrom subject to
cdttera back, not to front of lens. Accuraterreasufementis extremely
importanton close-upwork, bccausethe depth of field is so smali.
NOTE: All NIKKORlensesore of the highestquolityopticolglossond
the very best workmonshiphos been expendedlo produceo precision
ground, highly polishedlens. However,in the monufocturingond
ossemblingof the lensoccosionollyo smollspeckor bubblewill oppeor
on the inner surfocesof the gloss. Thesemorkingsore sometimesmis-
token os blemishes,but they ore simply the chorocteristicsof high
grode lensesond will not odverselyoffect picturequolity. The slightly
blue cooting of the lens is not olwoys uniformlydepositedover the
glosssurfoce.Agoin, this is not o defect,but o chorocieristicof fluoride
lens cooling.
7. CHANGING LENS-fle flangeon the TOWER 3t mrn
camera facilitates rapid inicrchange of lenses of various focal lengths,
and insures absolute accuracy. A lens is simply screwed firmlv into oo-
12
www.orphancameras.comView original page 12Page 13 · Read text
sition by turning the entire
mount in a clockwisedirec-
tion. \fhen inserting lens
or removing it, be sure
lens is gripped at the base
of the lens mount adjacent
to camerabody (iliust. N).
SThen rernoving lens, it is
well to turn focusing lever
in a counter-clockwisedi-
rection until it stops.This
grves you a nrm SfrP on
the lens mount and permits
easein removalof lens. On
the other hand, when inserting lens, the rangefinderlever should be
turned in a clockwise direction until it stops. This again will give
you a firm grip at the baseof the lens so that the lens can be turned
into position. The helical focusing type rnount will automatically
couple with the rangefindermechanismwhen lens is seatedin proper
position. Hold cameraby left hand when changing lenses.Grip the
lens as describedabovewith the right hand, and loosenit in the flange
by a slight quick jerk in a COUNTER-clockwisedirection.Then simply
unscrewlens. Do likewise when screwing lens into body of camera.
Focusinglever must be in the infinity position before lens is screwed
into the flange.
NOTE ESPECIALLY: When chonging lenses,the opening into
the comero body with the lens removed should not be exposed lo o
slrong light. lt is odvisobleto hold the comero in subdued light or
ogoinstthe body during time lens is out of the comero,if the comero
is looded.
I
l 3View original page 13Page 14 · Read text
8. VIEWFINDER.-
Thc l.uilt-in r icufin.lcr is an ol.tirall) grr>urr,l.
dircct-r'isior-rtypc of finrler encl shou's thc rl)l)roxilr ttc ficld covcrtd by
tl'relens oi the or<linar),5o lnnr strrnrllrtliocal lcn{th lcns. Bc.surc to
hold it levcl u'itl'r the ct'e. If onc *'crc to look on,r bias thror-rghthc
vicu'tinderu'inclou,,it rright not show thc cntirc l-ictr-rrc.lcsire.l.'I'herc'
forc, i,ou rnust be slrre that 1'oLrbrirrg ),olrf c),c as rlosc to the licu'firrtlcr
ls possiblc.( Lcnscsof longcr or slrortcr f ot;rl lcngths ,rveilablcior tlrt
TO!r'ER.Ji nrnt (iulrera recluircthr trsc oi fl-rcUrrivcrsal\iicuilnrlcr.
rihiclr lits into thc atco;sofvshoc orr to1. oi relrcra (Scc prLgc1l ).
9. EXPTANATION OF APERTUREDIAPHRAGM
A carreralens is vcrl sinrilar to thc huntatrt1'c. \Y'hcrrtlru c1t it tt..J
in rr dark roonr thc lLrlil bccorrcscnl.rrgcdto rrdnritnrorc light. \X'hcrr
in a lightcr arca. thc pLrpil becomcssntall. [t vrrrics;rrcordir-rgto thc
'lintensityoi light rearhing thc c1'c. hc carrcr,rlcns has r.ro-suthauto-
tnetit tlusr ular systenr, lntl, ls .r rcsult. it tnLrst bc trtcth.rntcltlly ecl-
justcd according to thc intensitv oi light on thc objcct t<-rbc photo-
.'1.r-r1.il" "iris
graphcd. This olrcnirrgor closins oi thc so-ctrllcd or rlirr-
Ihregnr" oi thc Icns is acljustcd lrt fhc. tise oi ;r krrr-rrlcdring ( Illust.
A Apcrture Atl justrrcnt Ring),
I O. EXPLANATIONOF APER.TURESCATE-
Thc tigurcs bttu,ccn tl'rc irontrrl knurlcd ring arrrl tltc serotrrl krruricd
ring fqp1ai1lto thc iris tliaphragrrrrvithin the lcrr,sb.rrrcl (lllLrst. A;.
J-hc)' rcl.rescrrtthc rclative .t|crtLlrc'ofcniltgs ancl rcguletc thc antourtt
oi light to bc adnrittcd eicor.ling to thc intensitl'of the Iight on thc.
sirbjcctto bc photographcd.In thc tasc of thc f 2 lcrrs the figurcs rrt
as follous-.i'2 indic;rtcsih:rt thc lcns is u'ide opcrr, f 2 tl. i."1. i/s.rr.
i /s. i ,l I lntl i, I (, rcl.rcsent the rcrrrrinrns ofenrngs. T'ht: | / I (r is thc
strallest fossible opening u'ith thc i,/2 lens- You shotild llr','ays rcttrcnt-
ber thlt tl'rcsizc of thc a[.crturcvarrcsin indircct |ro|os1is6 to thc sizc-
of tl'rc nunrbcr. Iror exanrple. i I is tl-rcsmallcst nt-ttlbcr. but rcPrcscnt-s
the u,idcst lens afemturc on thc 1o Irlrtt f /2 lcns. (-onversell'.l- I (i rr-'
rluc'esthc lcns alcrturc to thc sntrLllc:stpossiblco1'crrirrg.
v
1 4
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I I. APERTUREDIAPHRAGMADJUSTMENT-
'l'he proper oper-rir"rgor setting of the lcn-s.llerture r'an Lrc clcterlttir-rcd
by usc of irn exfosLrre nretcr. It is u,cll to rctlcrnbcr that tl-restraller
the apcliups, thc longcr thc' exposr-rre. In othcr u'ords, if thc lpcr-
turc is stoppcd clown to thc- next highcst ligurc. thc tinrc cf cx-
posure nrust Lre practically doublcd. I"or cxlmplc. if thc cxposurc
rucler inclicatesiln exposLlretinrc of l.,i(r0of e secondu'ith i,ri.(r;r1--c:r-
turc opcnipg, thc time nrust bc double,l il"thc dirrphr';rgnris stoppeci
rlow,n to i,i8. l'his nrc'ansthat the shuttcr spccd diel u'oulcl thcn bc
set on I /Jo oi a serorrd.n'hich givcs a longer tinrc of cxlrosureth;rn
I,"(ro of r seconcl. Ii a nroving obiect is to bc photographcd, it is
<1uitco[l,ior-rsthat you u,oulrl sclect a short cxposurc tirtte in orc]er to
'IhisstoF the object in nrotion. ri'oLrlclnrcan cpening thc lens to aclrnit
rrorc liglrt during;r shortcr ex[)csLrrepcriod. If, orr thc othcr h.rrr.l.
you har,c a still objcct and there is no ncecl for l frrst sl'ruttcr spcr:cl,
you (:ur thcn stop clor'vn your diaphragnt slightly anrl increrrsetlic
tit-neoi cXfosllfq. At ntettliortetlott Prqe 6, ;l.ttrlter.tPeel.,oll.ter ll.ttttt
l/,r'te lrtrketl ott .speet/tli,tl., tltotl,l nol l;c dlletttplel .
Note thet ]()\X/ER (irnrrras arc cngrrved with thc ELrrofsxll systctttcf
lnarkir-rgsfor lpcrturc;rnrl shuttcr specds and, irr rttlny inst;rnces,
c-xPcsurclnctcrs a.renot nrlrkcci to lre r-rsec]with this systcnr. Hou'evcr,
tlrc ncw l'O\fER rnctcr is nrarked to be Lrscclu,ith cither the Anreritarr
or European systenr. Accorcling to thc cxposlrre lttctcr [:cing uscd, a
sctting oi i;'2 may bc requircd on the iris diaphragnrof the TON7ER
1l rrrrr (arnen. At thc sanretirr-rc.thc cxposure tinre nray bc indicated
es 1,/'i8o ol' ;r second. [n this c:rscyou should sct the shutter at l.. i(iO
of a secorrdbccausethcrc is no tttethotl by r.r'hich\!'c (ilrt set the shuttcr
rt 1,,'J8()oi a sccon.l. In ,rll instances,thcrc is cnough lceu,iryin the
hlnr to trccor.r.rnrocllrcthcsc snrall ,iiscrel.ancics.Ii, on thc otl-ier hand.
your cxposlrrerretcr indicatesthat you set the tirlle at t./25 of ;l sccontl,
you (;ur;rlso sct your TO\WER -Ji rlnr (ilmctil ilt 1.,i20of a.secondilnd
be pcrfcctly sefc in:;cturir-tg tl're Pro1.1vcxPosurc. Tl-re ,-lilTerer-rcesare
not grcat cnoush to nrake an1' apprcciablc differencc in ex1'rosures.
l 5View original page 15Page 16 · Read text
D I S T A N C E
S C A t E
I N F E E T
12. DISTANCESCATEON
FOCUSING RING- Nfhen the 2
images are brought together by turning
the lens focusing lever to the proper posi-
tion, you can then read the distancescale D E P I H
O F F I E I in feet as indicated on focusing ring on
S C A T E flange (Illust. P).
The letter R indicqtesthe positionot which focusingshouldbe set when
using on infro red film. In ofher words, if you hoppen to bring the
lens into focus ond the distoncescole indicotesthot you ore l0 feet
owoy, you shouldthen movethe focusingleverso os to sel the I0 foot
mork oppositeR. The lens is then in focuswhen using infrs red film.
To repeot, the lens is focused in the usuol mqnner qnd the helicol
mount is fhen turned until the index R pointsto thot positionon the
distqncescolewhich wos indicotedin lhe firsf ploce by lhe moin index.
13. DEPTH OF FIEID SCATE-The range of sharpnessof
any lens is called the depth of field and dependson the relative aper-
ture settingand the distanceto the subjecton which the lens is focused.
The depth of field actually indicates maximum sharpnessobtainable
in a certain plane at a distancefrom the subject photographed. This
plane covers a certain distance in front of the subject and a certain
distancebehind the subject. \Tithin these areasobjects are in focus.
The smaller the aperture being used, the greater the depth of field.
In other words, with a small aperturethings becomesharp far beyond
the subjecton which the lens is focused,whereasthe larger the aperture
the smaller the depth of field and things become diffused and out of
focus beyond the subject.
In order to determinejust what is in sharp focus within the depth of
field range at a given lens aperture and distance,a special scale is
www.orphancameras.comView original page 16Page 17 · Read text
cngreved or.rtl.rc base of thc lens mount (Illust. P). Notc that the lens
al)ertllre scale in the case of the 5tt nrtr ir,2 lens is cngravcd on both
siclcsof thc nrain inclcx (small black trianqlc). In this case,it u'ould
bc calibrrtcd fron if2 to f116. Through the usc of this scale,one
cen thcn dctcrrninc thc clistancc in front lntl bchintl thc subject on
r"'hich lcns is actLrally iocusc.l to obtain suliiciently' sharp focus. If
thc aferture is sct at ii.l et a distancc of (r fcet, thc scalc inclicatesthc
.lepth of hcld u'hich rangcs ironr approxirnatcly 5l,f ieet to about 6f{
'l'hisfcct. indicates there is rr vcry sl'rort clepth oi ljcld u'hcr.rthe lens
is opcn at f7.1 and )'ou arc relatively close to thc sLrbjccton u'hicl.ryou
rrc focusir.rg. On tl're otl'rer hand, u'her.rthe lens is stopped dou'n to
i,./I I ancl for usecl on r subject 1 5 fcet arvay, all ob jects u'ithin the
range of approximately 9 feet front thc crLmerato about -il feet are
u'iihin focus. If u.c u'erc to focus thc lens on a subject 15 feet au'ay'
with the sr.nallcstapcrture possiblc of l,tl6. then the objccts within the
range of approxinrately il feet to ah'r'rostintinity u,ould be in focus.
When taking lan.lsclpcs or distance sl'rots,mcrely' sct tl-rc catnera on
infinity ancl stop tl.relcns rlor'"'nto as finc an aperturc irs possible,light
Fcrnrittir.re,and 1'ou u,ill find that lrrecticrlly ci'crything frorn I fcet to
infinity will be in fot us. l'his lattcr setting is n'tost ur.rivcrsallyusecl
u,hen irs largc l forcgror-rnrlrLspossible is to bc included in a landscape.
Bear in mind, eslcrizrlly, that the mirxilrtr.unsharpnessobtainable lies
in a plane at the distanceto which thc focuscd lcns has been set. Tl.rcrc-
forc, for a clistanreshot of a statuc or house rl,her-rthc foreground cirn
be neglectecl,thc focusing scale for all practicel purposes should al-
ways bc set on intrnitl'. This sirnplihes the usc of thc TO\WER J5 rnnr
(rLrlcra bccrrusc,for all nrountirin s(cnes, \'ou Lan lock your camefa at
infrrrity ancl shoot all day. adjusting only the aferture ancl shutter speed
ercording tcl the light valucs as registeredby I'our cxposure meter. For
the beginner. we a.clvisethat he worrv ver)'littlc about the depth of
"pictr-rrefieicl sralc. Let it suflicc to say that tl.reain.rof the lirst taking"
should bc merell' satisfactoryresr-rlts.
t 7View original page 17Page 18 · Read text
NOTE: For londscopesond similor obiects the comero should be
stopped down to f/5,6 or f/8 with lens ot infinity. Of course,this is
olso to be governed ogoin by the light volues os indicoted on ex-
posure meter. For condid snopshols,stop down to 1/5.6 ond focus fo
the mosl importont port of the subiect,ond for portroits try io use os
lorge on operfure os possibleond focus oround the eyes of the indi-
viduol being photogrophed.
14. TOADING THE
CAMERA- Always load camera
in subdued light. However, with
magazile or cartridge type loading,*
such as is used in the TO\7ER 3t
mm camera,one can load it in normal
room light. Follow these steps:
l. Be sure to set the reversinglever
on A (Advance) Illust. R. \7hile
camera is still empty, turn winding
knob to stop and pressshutterrelease.
2, Place camera on pad, newspaper,or Sears catalog to give it cush-
ioning Never placeyour cameraon a hard surfacewhen working with
it. Place cameraUPSIDE DOItrN, with lens facing away from you.
3. Open cameraby picking up lcck lever
(iilust. S) on baseplate and turning frorn
S (shut) to O (open). Then lift the base
plate ofi (Illust. T). In some instances,
the bottom r-,,ill be very tight and a stiff
pull will be necessarvto remove it.
*NOTE:rne 35mmmos-
ozines thot ore now on
lhe mqrket hold o strip of
film which is odequote for
the toking of 36 exposures
or' 20 exposures,24x36mm
in size.
a:t
www.orphancameras.com , i - , iView original page 18Page 19 · Read text
4. \Tithdraw take-up spool (Iilust.
U) frorn open camera. Hold this
spool in left hand and loaded filrn
rnagazine in right hand. Be sure
knurled knob on take-up spool, and
the centertube on mag zine arepoint-
ed downward (Illust. V). Inseit
end of the film under spring on take-up spool. Push it under spring
as far as possible. Perforatededge of fiLn should lie flush with flange
of spool adjacentto knurled knob. Do not attemptto wind film around
core of take-upspool.
T A K E U P F I t M
S P O O t M A G A Z I N E 5. \7hen film is secureunder
spring, draw it out of the
magazrne not more than 2
perforationsbehind the trim-
o med edge. Do not pull the
bo |r film out of the cartridge anv
further than is indicated in a
j4 Illust. N7.
6. Hoid take-up spool antl
F K N U R , t E DK N O B fll gazine as in lllust. X, and
lon'er thern into camera, making sure film settles into slot along back
of camera. Do not use any force. If cartridge does not seat readily,
.t, turn rewind knob (Illust. A) slightiy so prongs will fit into base of
6) cartridge.
J(€View original page 19Page 20 · Read text
fu-,
7. \7hile the bottorrr plate
is still off. it is alwaysad-
visable to wind film by
turning winding knob be-
fore replacing bottom.
Make one full turn, mak-
ing sure cogs engage cor-
rectly in perforations of
film (Illust. Y). Pressre-
leasebutton to releaseshutter. If the small cogs mesh in the perfora-
tions, you are ready to replaceplate.
8. Replacebottom of cameraby hooking it over pin on end of camera
adjacentto take-up spool (Illust. T) and closing it down. Turn lock-
ing mechanisrnto S (shut).
9. Turn winding knob one full turn after bottom has been closed.
Pressreleasebutton. Again turn winding knob one full stop. Then
"O".set counter to Press releasebutton; your camerais now ready
rVhenfor use. the winding knob is again turned to cock shutter and
advancefilm, you will notice that the counter disc stops on No. 1,
and you are ready to take your first picture.
As you turn winding knob, note especiallythat the rewind knob turns
in a counter-clockwisedirection;
this will be in an opposite direc-
tion to arrow on rewind knob. If
the windiog knob fails to turn, or
if you hear any crunching within
camera,stop immediatelyand turn
small reverselever (Illust. A) from
A to R; then'rewind film, open
base plate, remove film cartridge
and reloadcamera.
20
www.orphancameras.comView original page 20Page 21 · Read text
CAUTIONS Note thot while you turn the rewind knob in th6 direc-
tion os indicotedby rhe orrow, the collor oround the releobebu$on
lurns. Thisindicotesthot the perforotionsof the film ore engogedwith
the smoll cogs (lllust.Y). Continueto rewind until o slight pressureis
felt. Turn post this ond o slight ierk will be the effect os the film is
pulled out from under the spring (lllust.V). lmmediotelyofter this ierk-
like feeling hos occurred,fhe collor will ceoseto turn. DO NOT CON-
TINUETO TURNTHE REWINDKNOB IN THIS CASE,BECAI.JSEYOU
MIGHT PULLTHE FILMRIGHTON INTO THE CARTRIDGE.In order
to re-loqd comero,the end of film must protrudeenough to be oble
to get o hold on it to re-lood it on to toke-up spool.
I5. UNTOADINGTHE CAMERA
Turn winding knob for your last exposurevery cautiouslyso film will
not be forced out of cartridge. If film happensto be forced out, cameta
must be taken into the darkroom, or you should take it to a local
camerashop and have them remove the exposed film and replace it
into its cartridge. IThen the roll is exposedand it is necessaryto rewind
Ia it into cartridge,be sure speed dials are set on any other speedthan
T (The). If camerais set on T, the shutter may temain open and,
as the film is rewound it wiill
be re-exposedto light and spoil-
ed by fogging.
l. Push reverselever from A
(Advance) to R (Reverse).
Be sure lever is pushed all the
way to R. This will automat-I
ically uncouple film advance
mechanismand shutter gears.
2. Pull up rewind knob (Illust.
Z) and turn in direction of
arrow to rewind film into its
cartridge.Continueto turn this
21View original page 21Page 22 · Read text
knob until a slight pressureis felt and then turn past this slight pres-
sure until you feel end of filn-rpull out from under spring of take-up
spool. Note that while the rewind knob is being turned, the collar
around the deoressedreleasebutton continuesto turn. \7hen this ceases
to turn, yo., know that only a srnall portion of film remains to be wound
back into magazrne.Give the knob z or 3 more turns so that the film
is completelywound back into its magazine.
the cameraas already explained (Illust. T). o
b0
F I I M 4. Pull out the film magazine (Illust. ,t)
M A G A Z I N E AA) bv firmly grasping center tube in J
thumb and finger. Protect the loaded
magazirle from direct tight by replacing
in containersupplied with film. FFF
15. RETEASEBUTTON FOR
SHUTTER.- tt is advisable to hold , F
camera steadywith both hands as illus- ()
trated in lllust. BB. Rest camerafirmly J1
against cheek and hold it in both hands F
so right index finger is
ready to press releasebut-
ton. Left index finger
should be on knob of lens
focusing lever. Releasethe
bution by gently pressing
the finger,not the entire
hand or arm. The secretof
clear, shatp, crisp pictures
is to avoid movement or
shifting of camen at time
shutter is released.It is
further suggested that a
deep breath be taken and
held while releasing but-
ton. This eliminates any
possiblemovement caused
by breathing.View original page 22Page 23 · Read text
17. HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICALPICTURES-
Two forms of pictures can be
taken with the TOVER 35 mm
calnera. A horizontalexposureis
taken when caffrerais held as in
Illust. BB. The exposureis verti-
cal when camera is held as in
Illust. CC. The right hand should
always help support the camera
and, at the sametime, the right in-
dex finger should be in a position
to operate the release button.
Either the middle or the index
finger of the left hand should al-
ways operate the focusing lever.
Holding the TO\fER 35 mm as describedabovepermits a very rapid
chanse from horizontal to vertical pictures, and vice versa. It also
establishesa habit for picture tak-
ing becausethe sameset of fingers
are usedto operatethe releasebut-
ton and/or focusinglever in either
horizontal or vertical position.
Holding the camerain readinessas
in lilust. DD while dirccting or
surveying the subject makes it
possibleto quickly raise the cam-
era to the proper taking position
either horizontally or vertically,
with the fingers always in the
sameposition.View original page 23From the M. Butkus archive. Original publisher and archive notices are retained.
Check the model and edition against your equipment.
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