Sekonic Studio Deluxe II User manual

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 SEKOTUIC

STUDIODELUXEII 1.398M


  OperatingInstructions

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SEKONIC STUDIO DELUXEII L.398M
                     FEATURES

Nearly  all photographic subjects combine complex variations of
strongly ref lecting surfaces(high ref lectivity) and weakly ref lecting
surfaces(low ref lectivity). These variationsdelicately inf luence ex-
posure determination and to which portion the exposure is set
becomes a vital factor that considerably affects the appearanceof
the  f inished photograph.
Although risk of failure can be minimized by taking maximum and
minimum readingsof all portions of the subject,then averagingthe
values, such an approach is both time consuming and tedious.The
Studio DelexeII is the answer to this problem.lt is designedaround
a standard reflectivity of  18o/o,which has been derived through
measurementsof various subjects throughout the seasonsof the
yea r.
Consequently, high effectivenessis displayed with subjects possess-
ing reflectivitiesin the neighborhoodof 18o/o(people,buildings,etc.)
and when this can be consideredthe averagevalue (street snapshots,
trees, forest scenes,etc.).
1. Optimum exposure meter for incident light measuringmethod
   (also applicablefor ref lected light method).
2.  Freely rotatable light sensor section for very easily performed
   measurements.
3. Meter stopper mechanismallows operation while hand is released
   from meter.
4. Meter releasemechanism is also included which allows the needle
    to  def lect   f reely. This  provides greater convenience when
   determining light balance.
5. . Memo pointer enables easier light balance setting.
6. Lumisphere detects the same light as strikes the subject. Since
   subjects are normally 3-dimensional,according to the lighting
   conditions, brighter surfaces (highlights) and darker surfaces
   (shadows) are produced (illumination contrast). The Studio
   DeluxeII mechanismautomaticallytakes into account the strength
    of light from  all directions, causingthe meter to indicate a value
   applicable to  photography.   lt   is thus most convenient for
   determining typical exposures.

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1.  A f t e r  c o m b i n i n g      f i l m  se n sitivity  a n d  sh u tte r  sp e e d , d irect
    readin g s l i d e s  ( o p t i o n a l )  ca n  b e u se d fo r  d ire ctly  d e te rmining
        t h e a p e r t u r e v a l u e .
8.  S ele n iu m  p h o t o c e l l       i s  e mp lo ye d   a s   lig h t  se n sin g e le ment,
    elimina t i n g  n e e d   f o r  b a t te ry.
9.  Wide  selection  of  available accessories allows  numerous  photo-
    gra p h ic   t e c h n i q u e s   t o  b e e n jo ye d .

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 SPECIFICATIONS





                                                                                    \

Measuring System             Incident light (reflected light system
                             also capable)
Measuring Range             At lso 100. EV 4-17
MeasuringAccurary          Within t 0.3 EV (1/3f stop)
ISO Scale                6 - 12000
Shutter Scale             60 - 1/SOOOsecond
Aperture Scale             o.7 -128
Cine Scale             S f p s - 1 2 8 f p s
EV Scale                 1 - 20 (exposurevalue)
C a l i b r a t i o n C o n s t a n t      C = 3 4 0  K = 1 2 . 5
Dimensions                                             ' l 1 2 x 5 8 x 3 4 m m
Weight                  Approx.190grams




  (NorE) The outlooks and specifications described in this booklet
          shall be changed without pre-advice,if necessary.





                                                                       4

BASIC OPERATION OF METER UNIT

 "1. Stopper Button Operation
 lf the stopper button @  is press-
ed when the stopper button mark
 @  is set to O   , the meter needle
 @  deflects according to  bright-
ness. TJren when  the  button  is
released,the needle remains fixed
at the   i nd icated posit ion .
By  holding  the stopper button
depressedand turning  it clockwise
so that the mark position becomes
 O   , the needle is released.
At  this time, the meter will de-
flect  freely  even  if  the stopper
button   is  released. To   fix  the
needle, turn  the stopper button
counter-clockwise to  where the
mark is positioned O

2. Zero Position Check and
   Adjustment
With  stopper button  in released
 O  position, cover  light sensor
with hand or black cloth to com-
pletely  block  light. Check that
meter needle @   correctly indi-
cates zero position.  lf  the  indi-
cation deviates f rom  zero, while
observing meter indicatioh, use a
coin or similar tool  to  turn the
rear  zero  adj ust screw @  and
adjust for zero indication.

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 STANDARD ACCESSORY OPERATION


 Incident Light Measurement

 1 Lumisphere
 a . Mount Lumisphere O  to light               www.orphancameras.com
    sensor @   . To  mount, align
   wh ite  dots   of  Lumisphere
    frame and  light sensor, then
    turn   Lumisphere  carefully
    clockwise to secure.




 b . Set   f ilm  sensitivity knob @
    to sensitivity value of employ-
   ed film. Set ISO value to right
    side ISO mark @
    Photo shows  setting for  ISO
    1 00.




   From position where sublect is
     to be measured, point Lumi-
    sphere C     in  direction  of
    camera. (Light sensor @  can
    be turned freely.)



d . Hold  meter  erect and  press
   stopper  button @    Meter

needle @  def lects accord ing
    to brightness.When the stop-
   per  button   is  released, the
   meter needle becomes fixed at
   the deflected position.  lf the
    location  is excessively bright
   and the meter needle def lects
   beyond scale, insert the H igh
    s l i de @





e . Read the footcandle indication
  @  of the meter needle.
t. T ransfer footcandle  value to
   the dial scale @   . Rotate the
    dial ring @  and  set the  a
   scale mark.  lf the H ig h  slide
  @ has been inserted, set the
        i  m a rk.

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 g. At this time, the shutter speed scale @ and aperture scale @ com-
    bination becomes the correct exoosure.
 Example:WithHigh slide inserted,meter indicates8O footcandles.
          At ISO 1OO,the proper exposure becomes j /2SO sec at
          F,/5.6, 1/3O sec at F,/16 and 1 sec at Fi9O.
 h. By changing ISO setting, the set combination of shutter speeo
   and apertue scale is automaticallyaltered to the appropriate one
   correspondingto the changed ISO value.


 * Meter scale intermediate values





    I ntermediate val ues for
  shutter speed and
  Sperture scale





 * Film sensitivity intermediate values

N o t e :Wh en  n o s l i d e  i s   i n s e r t e d , s t ro n g  rso
lig h t direc t l y s t r i k i n g  t h e s l i d e slo t
m a y ent er  t h r o u g h   t h e  s l o t .
Alt h o u g h    t h i s  d o e s  n o t  s e r i o u sly
affect exposure,   if more  accurate
exposure   is  required,  cover  slot
w i t h h a n d .

2. Lumidisc
Employ for illumination contrast
adjustment   and     lu minance
measureme nt.
o  Contrast measurement
a. Mount Lumidisc @   to  light
   sensor @  . Install in the same
   manner as Lumisphere.
b. Hold meter at subject position
   and point  Lumidisc @   di-
    rectly toward center of main
    light.
c. Pressstopper button @  and
   read meter  scale  f ootcandle
   indication @
d . Turn the memo pointer dial and
   set the pointer 17 at the foot-
   candlevaluethe needlepointsto.
    In the same manner, measure
   the fill-in light. In this case, use
   care  that  light   f rom  main
   source dose not enter sensor.
   Read a difference between the
   footcandle value the pointer is
   set (see above c) and the one
    for     f ill-in  light   (-   needle
   position).
   Ratio  between main and  fill-
    in  light footcandles becomes
   the contrast ratio.
Example: With main light at 640
          footcandles,f ill-in light
         reads 32O footcandles.
                    I lluminatlon  contrast
            rat io beco mes:

        640   2
                    o r 2 : 1         3 ? o - 1

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 o  Luminance(Lux) measurement
a  Mount Lumidisc @  to  light sensor @  in the same manner as
    Lumisphere.
 b  PfaceLumidisc @  parallelwith the measuredsurface.
 c  Press stopper button @  and  read meter scale f ootcandle
    indication @
 d. Multiply this value by 10.76 to obtain lux.
 Example: 80 x 10.76 = 860.8 lux
  f f meter deflects beyond scale,insert High slide @  , then multiply
 footcandle indication by 32.
 Example: 80 x 32 = 2560 footcandles
         2560 x 10.76 = 27545.6 lux





ReflectedLight Measurement

1 . L u m i g r i d
a . Mount Lumigrid @  to  light
   sensor @  in the same manner
   as Lumisphere.
b. Set sensitivity value of em-
   ployed  film.  Setting  is  per-
   formed in the same manner as
    for incident light measurement.
c. Point Lumigrid @   directly
   toward  part of  subject to be
   measured.
d. As  close as possible to  the
   subject,measureref lected light
   from  main point  of subject.
   Use adequate care at this time
   that meter shadow etc. does
   not interfere.

e.  Press stopper button @  and
   read meter  scale footcandle
    indication @  . However, since
   footcandles are units of  inci-
   dent  light  only,  this  value
   becomes simply a reference.
f.  Transfer indicated value to dial
   scale @. Rotate the dial ring @
   and set a mark @
g.  At  this  time,  shutter speed
   scale @  and aperture scale
  @  combination becomes the
   correct exposure.
Note: Do not employ slides for
        ref lected   light  measure-
      ment.
* More accurate results can be
  obtained  for   ref lected  light
  measurement  by   using   a
  standard     ref lectance    slide
  (optional accessory).





 Other Operations


 1. Exposure Value
   (EV number) Readout
Reading this exposure value to
perform   setting  beco mes  con-
venient for cameraswhich employ
a  light value system shutter and
aperture combination.
1 3

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a. Read meter needle @    f oot-
   candle indication @
b. Transfer this number  to the
    dial scale@   Rotate dial ring
   . @ and set A  scale mark @
      lf the High slide is inserted,set
       t h e  i m a r k @ .
c. EV  value indicated by EV
   mark @ becomes the correct
   exposure value.


2. Employing Cine Scale
Incident  and   ref lected   light
measurementsduring cine pho-
tography are  performed  in the
same manner as described pre-
viously. However, since the cine
scale @  n u merals correspond to
cine camera film speed, read the
aperture scale @  indication that
pertains to  the employed  f ilm
speed.
Note: Some cine cameras possessfaster exposure times due to
      a narrower rotating shutter angle (angle of light transmitting
       portion).  lt  is important to know the accurate film speed
      versus shutter angle value for  your camera in order to
      determine proper exposure. Refer to the camera opqrating
       instructions, maker's  catalogue, etc.   f o r  shutter  speed
        inf ormation.
Shutter angle and exposure calculation:
                      R - F rames exposed in 1 second
                         T = Exposure time
                            0 = Shutter angle

Note: Standard theatrical cine  f ilm speed is 24 fps at 1/50 sec.
      This position is indicated by a red line on the scale.

Exposure multiplier indications are provided at both sides of the
i  and A marks of the dial scale.Use the -1  or -2 mark when desir-
ing to cut the exposureto 1/2 ol 1/4 and * 1 or *2 mark to multiply
the exposure by 2 or 4.
Set the appropriate mark. instead of the or, to the dial scale value.





                        + 2        - 2

                                      \
                                                                        . / '      rl,              /,,                                      , / x              \       1'l'                  \                                                                   /               , / n
        \ \                                                               '/        ,"                                                              / . /           \ \
                  \





 A   t o t a l  of  1 1 s l i d e s a r e a v a i la b le , a ll o f wh ich ma y b e u se d to g e ther
w it h   t he L u m i s p h e r e a n d L umid isc. (No te  th a tth e y  ca n n o t b e used
w it h  Lum i g r i d . )  T h e  H i g h   slid e ,  a s me n tio n e d   p re vio u sly,   is
 e mplo y e d    f o r  v a r y i n g   t h e me a su rin g  ra n g e  in  2  ste p s (h ig h and
 lo w  illumi n a t i o n ) ,  h o w e v e r ,   it ca n a lso b e u se d fo r d ire ct re a ding.
 T he  ot her  s l i d e s a r e s p e c i a lize d fo r  d ire ct  re a d in g a n d ca n n o t be
 used for mode  selection.
 1 5

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  -:'       Shutter
               '  - .-.speed                                t/,o tiuot/ru t/ruotloo         '1,,    t/o Slide No.   -\           /*
             I                     I S64O         Ir25S O         I160S O        I200S O         I 250S O
     2       50   100   t25   160  200   400
     3       40    80  100  L25   160  320
     4       32    64    80   100   L25   250
     5       25    50    64    80   100  200   400
     6       20    40    50    64    80   160  320
     7       16    32    40    50    64   r25   250
     8             25   32    40    50   100   200   400
     9             20   25   32    40    80   160  320
     r0            16   20   25    32    64   r25   250
          t l                        t2    16   20    40    80   160
    High                               L2    25    50   100

Note: One set of slidesconsistsof slide numbers 1  -  11 in a case.
     The High slide can also be used as a direct reading slide.


2, Direct ReadingSlide
   Application
When photographing, select slide
from the above table according to
f ilm sensitivity and shutter speed.
lnsert slide and perform measure-
ment in the same manner as for
incident light. Read directly the
aperture value @  indicated by
the meter needle @
* Since it is not necessaryto rotate the dial when employing direct
  readingslides,setting becomesextremely fast and convenient.
                                                      16

There are various kinds of human  subject photography.  In a  case,
for  example,  of  a  skier against a snowy  mountain  background,
the human  subject  simply  becomes  a  picture  detail and  for  the
purpose  of  determining  the  exposure,  this  cannot  be considered
portrait  photography.  In the  final analysis, portrait  photography   is
when  the human  subject  is  in the  center  of  the  picture and  the
exposure adjusted  to  him.  In addition,  camera to subject distance
mrJst be considered, whether  the  picture   is to be one person or
a g r o u p .
M e a s u r e m e n t b y    i n c i d e n t   l i g h t  ( L u m i s p h e r e    i n s t a l l e d ) d i s p l a y s h i g h
effectiveness  in  portrait  photography.  Perform  measurement  as
d e s c r i b e d    i n    t h e  s e c t i o n  o n    I n c i d e n t  L i g h t M e a s u r e m e n t . A f t e r
setting the  proper  exposure  for  the human  subject,  lighting con-
ditions  do  not  present a problem  and  subject detail  is preserved
e v e n u n d e r b a c k    l i g h t i n g .

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 2. Typical Scenery
 In the case of scenery, measure by using the Lumisphere at the
 camera position (refer to section on Incident Light Measurement).
 Although  the  previously described standard holding method  is
adequate, if lighting conditions of subfect and camera positions are
 dissimilar, move the meter to a position where conditions are the
same type as those of the subject and point in a direction parallelto
the camera optical axis. lf the subject is shadowed,either move the
 measuring position to the same type of location or reproduce the
same conditions with  the hand or  other means. Portrayals of
 buildings etc. can be consideredas general middle distancescenery,
while main subjects can be treated in the same manner as described
 in the section on Portrait Photography.




                     Iu : n s n :
                 *:-tJ * n )
               s





3. Observatorial Scenes
This refers to the situation where a distant object in the subject
field forms an important part of the pictured scene.
Examples: Observatories,distant views, etc.
                                                       18

Distant scenes are subject to haze due to atmospheric effects on
light and can be easily overexposed. For this reason, first use the
Lumisphere and measure by standard method from  the camera
position. Then point the Lumispheretoward the sun and measure.
Determine exposure f rom the mean of the two obtained values.





Note: To obtain  the mean of the two  values, perform  as follows.
.   Transfer mean value of the two footcandle  indications (aperture
    s c a l e ) t o   t h e d i a l .
Example:    lf 320(8) footcandles and 80(4) footcandles are obtained,
           the mean value becomes  1 60(5.6).  In the case of 80(a)
          and  40(2.81 footcandles,  the  intermediate  becomes  the
           desired value. Consequently,  transfer  that  value to  the
           d i a l .
o  Transfer  each footcandle  value  to  the  dial  to obtain exposure.
    In cases of  the same aperture,  setting  the shutter speed to the
   average  is acceptable.
o  Memo  pointer  is useful for memorizing the  first measured value.

1 9

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4. Snow Scenes
a. Many cases of problems occur with  reflected light measuring
   methods due to snow surfaceglare. Using incident light measure-
   ment eliminates these concerns. Freshly fallen snow possessesa
    reflectivity of approximately 73o/o,while even after severaldays
    in urban areas, this declines only to about 600/o.Compensation
   must therefore be performed. Measurement by standard method
    is reduced by   l ltQ   -  112.
Example: lf T becomes1 1125at f 16:
         11125x 11,,,8= 11177=  l l2OO or 11125x 112 = 11250





                                                        * ,;





                                                                 can
          take on a flour-like appearancewithout  luster in the
          finished photograph.
Note:2:        l ltP    -  112 compensation amount  is based on the re-
            flectivity value of snow. This may vary according to snow
          quality and soiling.
                                                                       .o

Note 3:
In situations with direct or top
lighting (sun near zenith), the
Lu misphere wil I detect ref lected
light from the snow surface.Some
means of blocking the light f rom
below becomes required in this
case.

                                    Snow surface
b.  In some cases,good results can be obtained with reflected light
   measurementunder back light conditions, cloudy snow scenes
   where glare is lessand snow scenesunder direct lighting. Install
   Lumigrid and point light sensorslightly downward to block light
   from the sky, then from camera position, aim toward subject
   and measure.Be sure to set the  i  mark at this time and do not
   employ slides.

5. Scenes with  Side or Back Lighting

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In typical casesof back and side lighting, although the surface of
a 3-dimensionalsubject facing the camera becomesdark, a portion is
usually strongly lighted. Even though standard measurementwith
the Lumisphere can bring out  detail of the darker portions, on
occasion,the brighter portions can become overexposedand difficult
to  see. In some instances, this effect can even be enhanced to
produce a special photographic composition, but  for a generally
more attractive result, perform as follows. First use the Lumisphere
and measureby standard method, then determine exposure from the
mean value (same technique as used for ObservatorialScenes).



6. Silhouette Photography
In situationssuch as a silhouette of a person, tree or bridge in the
foreground against the setting sun and brilliantly shining sky as
background, remove slide and point Lumisphere toward the setting
sun to  measure (as with  Ref lected Light Measurement).Then
without inserting High slide, set to   i  mark. In this manner, the
foreground becomes silhouetted by underexposingthe light source.