Film cameras
Spiratone Spiraflex TTL User manual
User manual for Spiratone Spiraflex TTL. 34 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
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- Brand
- Spiratone
- Model / document
- Spiratone Spiraflex TTL
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 34
- File size
- 3.4 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 4 · Read text
MAJOR SPECIFICATIONOF SLR CAMERA
TYPE; Pentaprism SLR camera with built-in cross coupled CdS exposure meter
in through the lens metering system.
F I L M : 35mm. film (2O,36 or 12 exposures)
FILM SIZE: 24mm. x 36mm.
STANDARDLENS: F : 5 5 m m . t / l . 4 , 7 e l e m e n t s i n 5 g r o u p s ( o r f / 1 . 8 , 6 e r e m e n t si n 4
groups) with fully automatic diaphragm.
SHUTTER: Focal plane type with speeds, 1 second to 1/looo second and B. Built-in
self-timer
EXPOSUREMETER Built-in cross coupled CdS exposure meter in through the lens metering
system. ASA: 25 to 1600 (DlN: 15 to 33).
V I E W F I N D E R Pentaprism vieMinder with "Micromatic Prism Focusing" device.
FILM TRANSPORT Single stroke rapid film winding and shutter cocking.
SYNCHRONIZATION: FP and X automatic setting. A hot shoe contact.
L E N S M O U N T : Screw mount.
FILTERSIZE: 55mm. screw-in type (52mm. for f/1.8 lens)
L E N S H O O D S I Z E : 5 7 m m . p u s h - o n t y p e ( 5 4 m m . f o r f / 1 . 8 l e n s )
,-rr*r. r;Ed#djtErt*" " dk^". ..ds-.. .sL.^,. l * ,View original page 4Page 6 · Read text
DESCRIPTIONOF PARTS
Film Transport Lever @ Film Speed Dial @ Self-timer Lever c
@ ExposureCounter @ Film Rewind Crank @ Screw Thread for Cable Release
@ Shutter Speed Dial @ Diaphragm Button @ Neck Strap Ring
O Accessory Shoe @ Shutter ReleaseButton @ Battery Compartment
@ CordlessFlash Contact @ Self-timer ReleaseButtonView original page 6Page 7 · Read text
@ Flash Socket @ Distance Scale
@ Back Cover Lock @ Depth of Field Indicator
@ Diaphragm Scale
@ Diaphragmpin
www.butkus.usView original page 7Page 8 · Read text
@ Viewfinder @ Film Rewind Button @ Film CassetteChamber @ Tripod Socket @ Sprocket @ Auto & Manual DiaphragmSwitch @ Take-up SpoolView original page 8
Page 9 · Read text
P I C T U R E - T A K I N G G U I D E 1 S E T T H E F I L M S P E E D
T u r n t h e f i l m s p e e d d i a l a n d a l i g n t h e
Your SLR camera has been especially designed r e a d i n g e q u i v a l e n t t o s p e e d o f t h e f i l m i n
so that picture taking is always a simple, u s e w i t h t h e b l a c k l i n e o n t h e r i g h t - h a n d
s i d e o f t h e d i a l .uncomplicatedprocedure.Even an inexperienced
photographer will find it easy to use because
there are so few steps only six, in
fact. Actually once the film has been loaded
a n d t he f i lm a n d sh u t t er speed set, there
are only three steps to follow in most cases \i
u n ti l y ou re a ch t h e e n d o f the film cartridge. 2 L O A D T H E F I L M
Open the camera back and insert the f ilmYour camera will accept standard 20 or 3 6
cartridge.Insert the end of f ilm leaderintoexposure cartridges(orthe speo al 12 exposure
the spool slot and engagefilm perforationstoo n es o c c a sio n a llya va ila ble).The information
the sprockets properly. Close the camera.o n t he s e pa g e s is in t e n d ed only for a quick
Take up the slack in the film cassetteby
g u id e. M o re d e t a ils will be found in the
winding the rewind crank in the directionof
a p pro p ri at e p a g e s o f t h is manual.
the arrow,carefullytill it stoPs.
www.butkus.usView original page 9Page 10 · Read text
3 ADVANCETH E FILM 5 E X P O S U R E S E T T I N G
Swing the f ilm transport lever and releasethe S i g h t t h r o u g h t h e v i e w f i n d e r . D e p r e s s i n g
shutter twice. Then repeatthe operationonce more t h e d i a p h r a g m b u t t o n t u r n t h e d i a p h r a g m
r i n g t i l l t h e e x p o s u r e m e t e r n e e d l e i s
and the shutter is cocked for the first exposure. ce n te red in t h e circle.
Watch the rewind lever which should move in the
counterclockwisedirectionas the f ilm is advanced,
indicatingthe propermovementof the f ilm.
F O C U S A N D S H O O T
T u r n t h e f o c u s i n g r i n g t i l l t h e i m a g e I S
S E T T H E S H U T T E R S P E E D s e e n s h a r p i n t h e c e n t e r g r i d .
Sq ueeze th e sh utte r release b utto n t o T urn t h e sh u t t e r sp eed dial and l i n e u p t h e a v o i d c a m e r a s h a k e . ap p ro p ria t e sp e e d with the black l i n e o n t h e
b a s e o f t h e a cce ssory shoe.View original page 10Page 11 · Read text
BATTERYFOR THE CdS EXPOSUREMETER
The built-inCdS exposure meter is powered with a 1.3 volt mercury
battery of the Mallory PX- 625 or equivalent type. The battery
compartment is located on the left-hand front side of the top
cover. The exposure meter is switched on by a stroke of the
film advance lever.When the exposure meter needle does not
r e s po n d t o a ch a n g e o f light conditions, the battery ha s b e c o m e
exhausted and must be replaced.
U nscrew the battery compartment cover with your f inger ti ps
a n d i ns ert a n e w b a t t e ry with the plus (+) upward, fac i n g t h e
battery compartment cover, into the battery compartment.
www.butkus.usView original page 11Page 12 · Read text
F I L M T R A N S P O R T L E V E R
w h e n t h e f i l m t r a n s p o r t l e v e r i s a d v a n c e d , t h e
follow i n g t h i n g s h a p p e n s i m u l t a n e o u s l y :
l . T h e b a t t e r y s w i t c h i s t u r n e d o n a n d t h e
exposure meter is activated.
2. The f ilm f rame is transported to the next
unexposed frame.
3 . The f ilm counter is adva nced.
4. The shutter is cocked.
After the shutter is released, the battery circuit is
shut off and unnecessary battery drain is avoided.
EXPOSURECOUNTER
The counter is located on top of the camera body.
I t s h o w s t h e n u m b e r o f f i l m f r a m e s e x p o s e d , a n d
automatically resets to "s " (f or "start ") position
when the back cover is opened . Frarnesof the 12th,
2 oth and 3 6th are marked in red to signal end of
the r o l l , d e p e n d i n g o n t h e l e n g t h o f t h e f i l m u s e d .View original page 12Page 13 · Read text
F t L M SPE E D ( A S A O R D r N l S E T T T N G
Af ter the f ilm has been loaded, be sure to set the ASA or D lN
film speed index specified for the film in use on the film speed
scale.This adjusts the exposure meter for the film being used and
an essential step in getting properly exposed pictures.
To set the film speed, turn the film speed dial and align the reading
equivalent to speed of the film in use with the black line on the
right-hand srde of the dial. Do not set in between click-stops.
The white numbers represent ASA values and range f rom ASA 25
to 1 60 0 , a n d t h e re d n u mbers represent DIN values r a n g i n g f r o m
D lN 1 5 to 3 3. Read the instructions supplied with the f ilm and
set the correct film speed index number. lf the number of the film
speed corresponding to that of your film is not available on the
film speed scale, use the closest number and never set between
tw o s et t i ng s. Fo r co n ve n ience, the positions f or inter m e d i a t e f i l m
s p e e d s a re sh o wn o n ly b y dots. See the illustration.
ASA 25 O O 50 O O loo O O 2oo O O {oo O O 8oo o o | 600
N U M B F R S S H O W N : : :
BY DOTS 32 {() 61 r000 r250
D I N 1 5 o o t 8 0 0 2 t o o 2 1 0 0 2 7 0 0 3 0 o o
NUMBERSSHOWN
BY DOTS f6 t7 19 20 22 23 25 26 www.butkus.us28 29 31 32r 0View original page 13Page 14 · Read text
S H U T T E R S P E E D D I A L Your camera shutter has a range of speeds covering sufficiently all the ordinary picture situations. lt has the settings of: 1/lOOO, 1/5OO, 1/25O, 1/125,1/60,1/3O,1/15,1/8,1/4,1/2and 1 second and Butb. When the Butb setting is used,the shutter stays open as long as the shutter button is being depressed(for time exposure).The settings are representedon the shutter speed dial located right-hand on top of the camera body. For convenience, onfy the lower half of the numbers(250 for 1/25O, etc.) and B (for Bulb) are etched on the black wheel. The shutter speed is set by lining up the appropriate number or B with the black line on the base of the accessory shoe. Do not set the shutter speed between two click-stops.The shutter speed can be selectedeither before or after the shutter has been cocked. For indoor photography, it is recommendedto set the shutter at 1/30 or 1/60; lor outdoor photography,at 1 /125 or 1/2SO; and for action pho- tography such as in sports or snap shots it is important to use faster speedsof 1/5OO or 1/10OO to avoid blurring. The number "15"for 1/15 second is larger than others and painted in blue. when usingthe shutter speedsol 1/i5 secondor slower,it is recommended to use a tripod and a cable releaseequipment so as to avoid camerashake.View original page 14
Page 15 · Read text
DIAPHRAGMSCALE
The diaph ragm scale is located on upper side of the le ns
barrel.
T h e ap e rt ure o p e n in g h a s eight settings,ranging frbm f / 1 . 4
(seven settings for t /1 .8 lens, ranging f rom f /1 .8l., the
ma x i mu m o p e n in g , t o t / 1 6, the minimum opening.
Settings between f/stops are also possible.
AUTOMATIC MANUAL OPERATION
rrA"(short rrM " for Artomatic) mark in green andThere are
(short for Manual) mark in red on the underside of the lens
b a rrel.
Move the auto & manual diaphragm switch @ to the left,
and you will see the diaphragm is set at "A" position. This
is the normal position for most circumstances. With the "4"
le ) www.butkus.usView original page 15Page 16 · Read text
oitve tI
The operation of the automatic diaphragm mechanism:
position, the diaphragm stops down to the
pre-selected aperture just before the shutter
is released and opens again after each exposure
for easy and accurate focusing. See the diagram:
When manual diaphragm is desired, move the
you are(1) When f ocusing, the- diaphragm stays open auto & manual diaphragm switch to the right. position. and the mirror remains in
T h e a d v a n t a g e o f t h e m a n u a l o p e r a t i o n i s t h a t
G you can pre-view the depth of field and see in
the viewfinder the lens zone of sharpness with
any aperture. The manual operation also can be
obtained simply by pressing the diaphragm button@.
(2)Just before the shutter opens, the lens stops down
to the preselected aperture. The mirror moves out
of the way.
(3) After the exposure, the {ens reopens to full aperture
and the mirror returns to its original position.
The battery circuit is shut offView original page 16Page 17 · Read text
UPRIGHT, UNREVERSED IMAGE As a 35mm single lens reflex camera,your SLR camera usesa mirror as part of its optical system to transfer the imageentering the lens to the viewfinder. In the process,the image which is originally reversedand inverted when it enters the lens is reversed and turned right side up so you seethe picture in the viewfinder exactly as your nakedeye would. M I C R O M A T I C P R I S M G R I D Your qtmera has a micromatic focusing system for fast and accuratefocusing. The precision focusing elements in the view- finder consistof a group of more than 800 microprismsas shown in the center of the pictdre. As you look through the microprism area in the viewfinder, you can see the subject clearly, ON LY when it is correctly focused. Rotating the focusing ring you will notice the appearanceof t 4 www.butkus.usView original page 17
Page 18 · Read text
something like a mesh of a net in the center of the viewfinder.
Th is reticulation is caused by the f lickering of ref lected lig ht
entering the camera lens. When the subject is correctly focused
1 f
. . t t the flickering grid fades away from the micro-prism area. In
the second inner circle @ is the plain glass area where the
subject is always seen sharp and clear, even when the lens
is out of focus. When the lens is correctly focused the image
in the micro-prism area will be as sharp and clear as that
IN FOCUS seen in the surround ing circle C
OUT OF FOCUSView original page 18Page 19 · Read text
EXPOSURECONTROL
THROUGH-THE-LENS SYSTEM
Your SLR camera hasa built-in,through-the-lensexposure
control system utilizing the most sensitive measuring
devicesavailablein ordinary photography.
Two cadmium sulfide(CdS)cells,located on each side of
the pentaprism base,measurethe average brightness
of the image entering the lens and reflectedto the
viewfinder.Thisthrough-the-lensmeasurementis trans-
lated into an accurateexposureindicationregistered by
the needle in the viewfinder.Thereadings are accurate
not only with standardlenses,but also'withinterchange-
able lenses including long ones, with filters, close-up
equipment and accessoriesfor photomicrography.Since
they actually measurethe availablelight of the image Fresnel Screen
that has entered the camera,calculationsfor exposure
adjustments are unnecessary.
The systemoperates automaticallywith the lens aperture,
shutter speed and film speed settings.
..*ii&*l;-, www.butkus.us ,Ad6gtl":\ .-d'dd*:! .,"#k;View original page 19Page 20 · Read text
EXPOSURECONTROL
C O U P L E D C d S M E T E R
The CdS meter of your SLR camerais coupled tothe lens
aperture,shutter speed and film speed settings.
A change in the setting of any one or more will,
it therefore,alter the meter reading. lt is preferable,of
course,tochange either the aperture or shutter speed.I if an adjustment is required. The film speed setting
OVE R shouldalways be the one for the film you are using.
By advancing the film transport lever, the battery
switch is turned on and the exposuremeter is activated.
Keepyour finger on the diaphragmbutton@.(When'the
diaphragmis being set at the manual operation,there
is no need to press the button.RefertoAUTO/MANUAL
OPERATIONat page 12.)And swing the diaphragmscale
@. When the exposure meter needle is centered,the PROPER
setting is correct.
lf the lens aperture is too large or the shutter speed
too slow for the available light, the needle in the
viewfinder will be above the circle and indicate that
the picture if taken,will be overexposed.
lf the lens aperture is too small or the shutter speed
too fast for the available light, the needle will be below
the circle to indicate that the picture will be underexposed. UN DER
l 7View original page 20Page 21 · Read text
T O AD J U S T T H E E X P O S U R E
of the subject and your main subject isCONDITION
comparatively darker than the back-ground,When the main subject of the whole picture
it is recommended to adjust tne exposure
area you f rame in the viewfinder is extremely
condition. The procedure is same as requireddark or brig ht, it is recommended to adjust
when the important subject is dark. (Refer
th e e x po s ure co n d it io n so t hat the important
t o T O A D J U S T T H E E X P O S U R EC O N D I T I O N )subject is correctly exposed.
First, set the exposure in the normal way.
lf the importa nt su bject is comparatively
Rotate the diaphragm ring to the right
dark, set the f /number at a half or one stop
and set the t /number at a half or onecfoser to the full aperture than the f /number
stop closer to the full aperture than the
indicated when the exposure meter needle
f /number indicated when the exposureis ce nte red .
meter n eed le is centered .
f f t he sulcject is b rig hter, set th e f /number
a t a ha l f o r o n e st o p clo ser to the minimum
a p e r t u ret ha n t h e f / n u mb e r normallyobtarned.
For example, when you take a portrait with
a back-ground of snow scene or on the
beach, you can get a properly exposed
picture by using a half or one stop wider
a p e r t u re o p e n in g t h a n n ormal.
S H O O T I N G A G A I N S T T H E L I G H T
When the light is available f rom the back NORMAL L I G H T I N G BACK LIGHTINGt n www.butkus.usView original page 21Page 22 · Read text
EXPOSUREMETER COUPLEDRANGE
EXPOSURE METER COUPLED RANGE
Your SLR camera has a fully coupled CdS exposure from 1/125 secondto 1/25O, one stop faster,the
meter which measuresoptimum exposure conditions diapnragm has to be altered from f /S.A to f /4,
throughthe lens,rangingfrom EV 3 to EV 18 with ASA one stop larger aperture.Thus,you can use seven
1 0 0( D l N 2 1 ) f i l m . different shutter speeds ranging from 1/l OOO
second to 1/15 second (see the chart)when the
HOW TO READ THE CHART EV is at 12.
The word"EV"stands for"Exposure Valuel' which \Mrat shutter speed you should use depends on the
representsthe brightness on the sublect you condition of subject.(Refer to SHUTTER SPEED
frame in the viewfinder. The EV is represented D|ALat pagel 1.)Thediaphragmopeningshoutdbe
by numbers,and exposuremeter of your SLR camera also decided according to the purpose of your
can measurethe brightnesson the subject ranging photograqhy.(Referto DEPTHOF FIELDat page25.)
from EV 3 to EV 18 when you use the film'speeded Exposure Meter Coupled Range Chart EV3-EV18 (ASA 1OO)
at ASA 100 (DtN 21). EV 3 t l 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 t 4 t E t 6 1 ' t t g
For example,if the exposure meter needle is 1.4 4 8 rs 30 60 r2s2sos(ntcxD
centered when you select aperture openinq of A 2(1.8t 2 4 8 1 5 * , 6 0 1 2 5 r * r o o r &
f /5.6 with shutter speed of 1/125 second(the 2.8 1 2 1 g r s e l 6 o t 2 o 2 5 o S rI o o o
film speed dial is set at ASA lOO), the bright- 1 1 z 1 s 1 5 $ 6 0 t r u r $ s q ) r m
ness on the subject is supposed EV 12. lf the 5.6 r 2 tr 8 16'g) e(L t2S 250 S(x)t0@
brightnessis at EV 12,you can use every one of 8 1 2 4 8 l s S 1 r 2 5 2 5 O 5 m l q x )
sevendifferent shutter speeds and get properly 1 1 1 2 ' l 8 1 5 { 0 0 1 2 5 2 f i 5 @ l U '
exposed pictures. lf you change shutter speed I E 1 2 4 I rl ,o 60 12szn 5mrqx)
t 9View original page 22Page 23 · Read text
FILM LOADING
Your SLR camera accepts the standard 35mm cartridge.Load the film in shade,usingyour body
cartridgescontaining12, 20 or 36-exposurelengths with your back to the sun as prQtectionif you have
of film. Avoid direct sunlightfalling on the film no other method.
1. TO OPENTHE CAMERABACK 2. TO PULL OUT THE KNOB 3 . F I L M L O A D I N G
Pull up the lever with Your Pull out the film rewind knob on Slip the film end into any slit on
thumbnailand open the camera top of the camera. Th is is to the take-up spool and slide it
back. At the same time, the ex- allow the film cassetteto be Put down toward the bottom of the
posure counter automaticallYre- into the cassettechamber. camera body, a nd check that
turns to "S" (wihch means the f ilm perf o ration is P roPerlY
" Start" ) position . en g aged with th e tooth of
www.butkus.us camera sprocket.View original page 23From the M. Butkus archive. Original publisher and archive notices are retained.
Check the model and edition against your equipment.
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