Film cameras
SUNPAK 422D User manual
User manual for SUNPAK 422D. 41 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
41 pagesEnglish4.3 MB PDF
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Document details
- Brand
- Sunpak
- Model / document
- SUNPAK 422D
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 41
- File size
- 4.3 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 2 · Read text
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sunPnff
auto444 DTHYRTsToR
www.orphancameras.com
ELECTRONICFLASHUNIT
Owner'sManualView original page 2Page 3 · Read text
www.orphancameras.com IMPORTANTSAFEGUARDS WHEN USTNGyoUR PHOTOGRAPH|CEOU|PMENT. 6. DO NOT OPERATEAPPLIANCEWITH A DAMAGED BASICSAFETY PBECAUTIONSSHOULD ALWAYS CORD. BE FOLLOWED,fNCLUDINGTHE FOLLOWING: 7. DO NOT LETCORD HANG OVER EDGEOF TABLE 1. READAND UNDERSTANDALLINSTRUCTIONS. OR COUNTEROB TOUCHHOT SUBFACES. 2. CLOSESUPEBVISIONIS NECESSARYWHEN ANY 8. IF AN EXTENSIONCORO IS NECESSARY,CARE APPLIANCEIS USEDBY OR NEAR CHILDREN.DO SHOULDBE TAKEN TO ARRANGEtHE CORDSO NOT LEAVE THIS APPLIANCEUNATTENDEDWHILE THAT IT WILL NOT BE TRIPPEDOVER OR PULLED. IN USE. 9. ALWAYS UNPLUG APPLTANCESFROM ELECTRICAL 3. DO NOT OPERATEAPPLIANCEIF IT HAS BEEN OUTLET WHEN NOT IN USE. NEVER YANK CORD DROPPEDOR DAMAGED-UNTIL IT HAS BEEN EX. TO PULL PLUG FROM OUTLET. GRASPPLUG AND AMTNEDBY A OUALIFIEDSERVICEMAN. PULL TO DISCONNECT. 4. TO PROTECTAGAINST ELECTRICALSHOCK HAZARDS.DO NOT IMMERSETHIS APPLIANCEIN WATEROR OTHER LIOUIDS. 5. TO AVOID ELECTRICSHOCKHAZARD,DO NOT DISASSEMBLETHIS APPLIANCE,BUT TAKE IT TO A OUALIFIEDSERVICEMANWHENSOMESERVICEOR REPAIRWORK IS REOUIRED.INCORRECTREAS- SEMBLYCAN CAUSEELECTRICSHOCKHAZARD WHENTHE APPLIANCEIS USEDSUBSEOUENTLY. SAVETHESEINSTRUCTIONS 2View original page 3
Page 7 · Read text
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UniqueFeaturesof thejuto Thyristor444DFlash
O MULTI.INTERFACING
MODULES. . .
One Flash for All Dedicated Camera
Systems: BY using SunPak'sunique
interchangeablemodules, which are
availableas optional accessories,your
auto 444D will interface with many
dedicatedcameras.lt is so simple that all
you have to do is to selectone of the
Sunpak Interface Modules specifically
designedfor the camerayou are uslng
and mount it on Your auto 444D -
o OUICK . . . Full camera dedication
with full electronic interfacing. Set not
o n l y t h e ' X ' s y n c h , b u t m u c h m o r e .
I nterface Module:
- Total Dedicated CircuitrY
- Built-in Hot Shoe Contact
- Standard OPeration
Perfect coupling for today's 35mm
Electronic S LR cameras
Standard Shoe: (oPtional )
Built-in Hot Shoe and Auto SensorView original page 7Page 10 · Read text
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To Install Batteries:
Alkalineor N ickel-Cadmium
Batteries?
The major advantageof alkaline
batteries is that they provide more
flashesper set. While nickel-cadmium
batterieswill provide fewer flashes
per set, they will recycle your auto
444 D slightly faster and can be
rechargedhundreds of times for
more economical operation over
the long run.
1. Slide the battery compartment 2. Insert four AA size batteries 3. Pressthe cover until it snapsinto
cover toward the bottom of the (alkalineor nickel-cadmium)as pl ace.
unit. Now gently fold up the shown. The battery compartment
cover in the direction shown. has a guide showing the correct
positioning of the batteriesfor
proper polarity. (+, - contacts).View original page 10Page 11 · Read text
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Usingthe OptionalMulti-VoltageAC Adapteror the OptionalSunpakPowerpakfor 51O-VoltBatteries
1. For AC operation, be sure to window and rotate the selector 2. Insertplug into the AC/High 3. When you use the optional acces-
check that the voltage selectoron switch with a screw driver to the Voltage socket on the f lash and sory Sunpak Powerpakfor 510-
your Multi-Voltage AC Adapter proper voltage setting. After the into a standard wall outlet as Volt Battery, f irst attach the
is set to the appropriatevoltage. voltage setting has been made, i llustrated.The AC Adapter will suppliedplug adapterto the end
Your AC Adapter has been factory the screw must be reinstalled to supply virtually unlimited f lashes of Powerpak cord and plug it into
set for 117V, the U.S. standard. prevent accidental movement of and is ideal for indoor use. the auto 444 D in the same manner
For use in other countries where the selector switch. Note: When usingthe Multi- as you would with the Multi-
127V,22OV and 24OV are Note: lf the Multi-Voltage AC Voltage AC Adapter or the Sunpak Voltage AC Adapter. The Sunpak
standard, you may adjust the Adapter is incorrectly set, the Powerpakfor 51O-Volt Batteries, Powerpak for 51O-Volt Battery
setting as illustrated. Remove adapter will not function properl y always set the Battery/Ac HV allows extremely rapid recycle
the small Phil lips head screw and may damage your auto SelectorSwitch to the AC/HV times and the greatestnumber
located next to the voltage 444D posltlon. of f lashes.
CAUTIONS:Evenwhen your auto 444Dis usedwith externalpowersources,alwaysstorebatteriesinside
for dedicatedfunction. Your auto 444Dis not interfacedto the camerawithout internal batteries.View original page 11Page 14 · Read text
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www.orphancameras.com
C. For an intermediate distance D. For maximum depth-of-field Then set your camera lens
range in automatic operation, (greatest sharpness in front of, o p e n i n g ( f o r A S A 1 O 0 f i l m , t h e
move the Selector Switch to the and in back of the subject), move l e n s o p e n i n g i s f / B ) . Y o u r f l a s h
yellow "^" position so that the the Selector Switch to the red " A" and lens are now adjusted for
yellow line and f l4 appear. Then position so that the red "A", the correct exposure at any distance
set the same aperture on your red line and f /8 appear. between 1.6 and 15 feet.
camera (for ASA lOO f ilm, the
fens opening is tl4l. Your f lash
and lens are now set for correct
exposure at any distance
between 3.3 and 30 feet.,View original page 14Page 17 · Read text
www.orphancameras.comUsing Power Ratio:
1 . As when using the Power Ratio 3. Slide the Power Ratio Control 4. Be sure the distancescaleindi-
at full power, set the Film Speed Switch until you haye the desired cates proper f/stop for the correct
Scale to the appropriate ASA f/stoP opposite to this distance. exposureof your subject. lf not,
rating and be sure the Auto/ ALWAYS SLIDE THE POWER increaseor decreasethe power as
Manual Selector is at "M". RATIO CONTROL SWITCH TO needed.
2. Determine the distanceof your A MARKED (CLICK STOP) 5. You are now ready to take your
subject f rom your f lash.When the POSITION.DO NOT SET TH E picture. Remember to adjust the
auto 444 D is mounted onto the POWER RATIO BETWEEN aperture on your lens to match
camera,focus your camera'slens M A R K E D P O S I T I O N SO R T H E the aperture indicated on the
and read the distance indicated UNIT WI LL NOT OPERATE AS calculator scale.
by the distancescaleon the lens DESIRED. (Example: 1 1 feet
barrel. with ASA 100 film, you may
choose f 111,8, 5.6, 4 and 2.8.1.View original page 17Page 18 · Read text
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USING POWERRATIO FOR BETTERPICTURES
Fill-in Flash Photography 1 l With your camera'sbuilt-in expo- 3l You have now determined the
sure meter (or a separatemeter), two required parametersfor cor-
determine and set the correct lens rect exposure - aperture and
Your Sunpak auto 444 D electronic opening for the brightest part of distance. Move the Power Ratio
f lash is of significant benefit even in the scenewhen exposed at the Control Selectoruntil the reguired
outdoor photography. Example: a fastest speed at which your camera distance(11') appearsabove the
bright day at the beach . . . much too synchronizeswith electronic flash. required aperture (f/8). Your
bright for your subjectsto face the (Automatic shutter-priority cam- f lash will now operate at the
sun. So you turn them around, and eras, such as Konica may be used correct power ratio setting for
shoot againstthe sunlight: a backlit in "Automatic" mode.) perfectly-balancedf i I l-in f lash.
shot. You can take a close-up meter Example: Set your camera's Example: Where an aperture of
readingof their faces,to insure that shutter to 'X' speed (or to the f/8 is required at a distanceof
the exposure is basedupon the sub- fastest speed synchronized for 11 feet, a "power ratio" of
jects'faces(relativelydim) and not electronic f lash without exceed- 1 12 asset for ASA 100 f ilm.
upon the background light (ex- ing 1/70Oth second).Your meter 4l Shoot! Your picture will be per-
tremely bright). Wh ile this tech- indicates correct exposure for fectly exposed,becausethe light
nique will produce a well-exposed the brightest area of the scene - of the f lash on your subject is
imageof the subject,the back- usually the background.Example: now balancedperfectly with the
ground will be renderedfar too Set your lens to f/8. exposure required for the bright-
light; the brightnessvalue in the 2l Focus, and read the camera-to- est part of the scene!
sceneis beyond the ability of any EXAMPLE: subject distance (feet) from your
film to record. Fufl f iff -in (112 powerl lens'distancescale.
'X'Solution: Sunpak auto 444 D . . . Shutter speed: speed (Example: 11 feet.)
and its unique Power Ratio Control. Distance to subject: 1 1 feet
Film speed: ASA 100
Apertu re: f 18View original page 18Page 19 · Read text
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F u f l f i l l - i n ( 1 1 2 p o w e r l 1 1 2 f a l l - i n ( 1 l 4 t n p o w e r ) 1 1 4 f t l l - i n ( 1 / 8 t n p o w e r ) 1 1 8 t i l l - i n ( 1 / 1 6 t n p o w e r )
The technique described above o Should you prefer a lqss pronounced o Alternatively, you may wish to a Power Ratio one step over
provides equal brilliance on the sub- fill-in effect (less light on subject), employ a more pronounced fill-in the power indicated- Example:
ject and the brightest area of the move the Power Ratio Control to f lash effect when your subject full power insteadof 112.
overall scene. This effect is called the next smallest position: for has darker complexion or is in an o Experiment,when possible,to deter-
" f u l l " f t l l - i n a n d g i v e s e x c e l l e n t e x a m p l e , 1 l 4 t h w h e n 1 1 2 i s extreme ly dar k shadow and not mine the ratio most pleasingto you
results witb a majority of subiects. indicated. Use this technique when well lit as other bright areas of the with subjectsrepresentativeof your
your subject is surrounded by a scene. This "extra" f all-in effect normal picture-taking.
f a i n t s h a d o w o r h a s a n u n u s a l l y i s a c h i e v e d s i m p l y b y d i a l i n g
1 8 light complexion or appearance.View original page 19Page 20 · Read text
www.orphancameras.comDepth-Of-F ield Control
f l 1 1
Backgroundand fore-
ground in focus Examples:
In addition to controlling the exposure,the lens opening or the lensaper- W h e n p h o t o g r a p h i n g s t i l l I i f e , m o r e For portraits, use the lower Power
ture, the Power Ratio Control also regulatesthe depth-of-field of your depth-of -f ield is often required. Use settings and larger lens openings for
image.When a lenshasa smallaperture,such as f/16 ortl11, the the higher power settings and smaller less depth-of-field.
area in front of and behind your subject will be in focus. However, when lens openings for best results.
the fensaperturebecomeswider, such as at tl2-8or t12, the area in focus
will be significantly reduced.Thus, when you use a wider aperture, your
portraits will be more pleasingbecausedistracting backgroundswill be all
but eliminated.For other subjects,such as still life, you will want the entire
area to be in focus. Wath the Sunpak Power Ratio Control, you can adjust
the power ratio setting to the aperture you desirefor extra creativecontrol.View original page 20Page 25 · Read text
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X wrong way O n i g n t w u y X Wrong Way
/ \ / \ / \ / \ C n i g n t w " y
t \./ \
, l 4 \ \ L r t
l ' / ' \ \
i\ \
,",/
hBF ,6\ 6j\
) \ f.vt\
\V/ tn)lq{ Iilr.u
Remember, you can bounce light off a wall if the ceiling is lf you can't f ind a suitable bounce surface,you can make one, i.e., if the wall or
too high. In many homes, a white wall makes an excellent reflec- ceilingis any coloiother than white, your subjectwi ll show that color in the f inished
tive surface for bounce flash ... and. quite often, more light can photograph.Therefore.createyour own bounce.surface... possiblyyou can use an
reach the subiect since the light does not have to travel as far. ordinary piece of white cardboard held or taped in front of the flashtube housing so
that it reflectsthe light onto the subject.
24View original page 25Page 26 · Read text
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X Wrong Way
0/' J\v/
rt1t l
lf,
O n i s h t W a y
In close-up photography, many excellent For extensive use in portrait photography, NOTE: To determine the bounce l i ghti ng
lighting effects can be achieved by using one or many photographers prefer "umbrella" technique which satisf ies you, try
more pieces of white cardboard as ref lective lighting created by bouncing the f lash off experimenting by using all of the
surfaces in bounce flash. The soft, diffused a whate or silvered umbrella. The Sunpak f lash head positions.
eff ect of "bounce" light often reveals Bounce Lighting Kit is ideal for this use.
fascinating details of small objects.
25
"&View original page 26Page 27 · Read text
Copy Photography www.orphancameras.com
Becauseof its unique Power Ratio Control, your auto444D is ideal for copy photography' A TYPICALCOPYSET UP FOR
By adjustingthe power you can control the auto 444D's light output, which is critical with DOCUMENTS
re latively short f lash-to-subjectd istances.
For copying, you can 11seaeopy stand, modif ied enlarger baseboardand girder or a tripod 1. An ideal set-up for shadow-free copies;
which can hare its pan head mounted to the bottom of the c€nter column. In addition, you take two auto444 D's, one connected to
your camera,another to the Sunpak Autocan use one, two or four auto444 Ds. Slar,e,aimed at a 45" angle to the subiect on
the sameaxis as the camera.As the
illustrationshows,twice the normal amount
a u t o 4 4 4 D w i t h Copy Photography:Practical,Fun of light is hitting the subject, so you should
standard shoe and slave and Quick either close down the lens aperture by one stop (two stops when using four units) or
* Hobbies: You can reproducestamps,coins, adjust the Power Ratio Control by half the
seashells,butterflies, plant life and other Power Ratio setting (-1 stoP).
items. Note: To mount the auto slaveto auto
* Vital Documents: DiPlomas, birth 4440. f irst attach the standardshoe to the
certificates.cancelledchecks,licenses,etc. 444D and connect the auto slave and the
t Charts: You can keep a photographic record standard shoe with PC cord.
of any charts or graphs you preparefor school
or business.In addition, color transparencies 2. lf you own another electronic flash unit,
of the charts can be made for slide you can use the Power Ratio Control on
presentations. your auto 444D to set the unit at a similar
* Valuable Possessions:ltems such as jewelry, power level as the other unit. Simply match
silverwareand works of art can be photo- the guide number from the specification
graphed and used for insurance purposes' chart on page 38 with the appropriate
power level to Your other unit.View original page 27Page 30 · Read text
MultipfeFlashOperationwww.orphancameras.com
For genuinely professionallighting effects,the only thing better than a Sunpak flash is . . . two
Sunpaks! (Or more.) lt's easy to use your Sunpak in corilunstion with anotherauto444D,
or almost any other electronic flash.
Understanding Multiple F lash
* The 'main' f lash is the one which is attached * The Sunpak Auto Slave is a perfect partner
to the camera. light-sensitive A slave unit is for your multiple-flash work. lt,s very small, 'remote' attached (other) to each of the requires no batteries,and is extremely
flash units; when the main flash is fired, the sensitive- being able to trip a remote
other flash units are triggered - in perfect flash even with indirect or bounce lighting
synchronization- by the slaveunits. The at distancesup to 100 feet or more. lt plugs
only cord involved is the one going f rom the into the PC cord of the remote f lash. 'main' f lash to the camera,so you don,t
have to contend with wires dangling across Although the Sunpak Slare is very sensitiw
the floor. to electronic flash light, it's unaffected by 'ambient' bright room light or even daylight
- so your flash won't go off accidentally.
And the Sunpak Auto Slave is suppliedwith
a handy adapter that lets you attach any
shoe-mount flash to any standard tripod.View original page 30Page 31 · Read text
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Alf you need is your Sunpakauto444 D,one or 5 . Take The Picture! In almost every instance, These basic diagrams will suggestmany
more extra flash units equipped with Sunpak this simpletechniquewill insurea correctly- creative potentials to the photographer.For
Slaves . . . and you're ready for professional exposed photograph. a comprehensiveanalysisof professional
multiple-light ef fects. Here's how: multiple-flashtechnique, pleaserefer to the
For optimum exposure accuracy in multiple publicat io n "Professional Portrait 1. Arrange main and remote flash units as flash photography, use of an electronic flash Techniques", No. 04H, published by the desired(seediagramson the next page). meter is suggested.This measuresthe total Eastman Kodak Company. Your dealer can useful light of any combination of flash2. Attach Slave Units to Remote Flashes,and supply you with this and other valuable units, showing the exact lens opening for PC cord of main flash to camera. Turn books on professionallighting technigues. 'On', optimum exposure. lnformation on the flashes and set each flash for Manual GossenElectronic Flash Meter system may
operation.
* When you wish to use auto 444 Ds as remote be obtained f rom Sunpak dealers or from Gossen,Box 11O2,Woodside, New York
flashes,attach Standard Shoes and connect 1 1 3 7 7 .
Auto Slavewith PC cord.
Do not use extension cords to trip the
3. Determine the lens opening for the main remote flash units. The low-voltagecircuits
f lash - the one which puts the most light on of modern electronic flash systemsoften fail
the subject.(ln almost all instances,that will to trigger when long cords are employed.
be the auto444D.l Slave units are more convenientand much
4. $t your lens to an opening one f/stop ' more reliable.
$\TIALLER than is indicated for the f lash-
to-subject distance of the Main f lash - for
example, to f 111when f/8 is indicated by
your auto 444D f/stop Scale.
30View original page 31Page 32 · Read text
www.orphancameras.com UseThis Arrangement For This Effect UseThis Arrangement For This EffectView original page 32
Page 33 · Read text
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AccessoriesAvailablefor the Sunpakauto444D
For maximum creativity and ease
of operation, many optional Cat. No. Shoe Module Interface with
accessoriesare availablefor your 651-040 CA.l D Canon A-1, AE-1, AV-1, AL-1, NEWF-1 and AE-1 PROGRAM Cameras
auto444D. Just like today's system
cameras,you can customize your 651-043 M X - 1 D MiholtaxD, xD-s, xc-s, x-7,x-70, x-700and LEIcA R4 MoT cameras
auto444 D to suit your exact 651-046 N E . l D Nikon FE, EM, FG, FM-2 and F3 Cameras
photographic requ irements.
651-O47 R X - 1 D Ricoh XR-10005, XR-2S, XR-6, XR-S and XR-7 Cameras
651-049 O T - 1 D Olympus OM- F, OM-G, OM-2, OM-2N, OM-10 and OM-lN Gameras
651-041 K X - 1 D Konica FS-l and FP-1 Cameras
652-048 P T - 1 D Pentax ME, ME super and LX cameras
Sunpak Auto Slavc: Ouick Detachable I nterface Modules: Interface Module: Standard Shoe STD-lD:
Allows your auto444 D (usewith Full cameradedication with full - Total DedicatedCircuitry Built-in Hot Shoe and Auto
Standard Shoe STD-ID) or any f lash electronic interfacing. Set not only . - Built-in Hot Shoe Contact Sensor
unit with a PC Cord, to be used to the "X" sync, but much more. - Standard Operation DetachablePC Cord (optional)
trigger an auxiliary flash by plugging Sunpak one touch interchangeable Perfactcoupling for today's 35mm With Remote SensorOutlet for
its PC Cord into a built-in PC socket interface modules are compatible Electronic SLR cameras Sunpak Dedicated Remote
on the slave. with all Sunpak 'D'series Electronic Sensors(optional)
C a t . N o . 6 5 1 - 7 1 5 Flash Systems. Standard Shoe STD-1 D:
C a t . N o . 6 5 1 - @ 2 .View original page 33Page 34 · Read text
www.orphancameras.com Sunpak Tele Kit TL8: ldeal for use Its built-in bounce f lap givesyour Sunpak Filter Kit FK-1 : (Use with Sunpak Bounce Lighting Kit: with telephoto and zoom lensesof subject more vivid, lively, f ill-in Sunpak Tele Kit TL-8 or Filter Can be used with all Sunpak models the most popular focal lengths.The light. The Sunpak Tele Kit is also Holder). accepting Filter Holder or Tele Kit Sunpak Tele Kit actually increases designedto accept the f ilters avail- Filter Kit consistsof red, blue, green TL-8 on the f lash head. Designedto light intensity while decreasingthe able in Sunpak Filter Kit F K-1. and yellow color filters as well as a give very pleasant,soft, indirect angleof illumination.This multi Tele Kit TL-8: Cat. No. 65 1-842 neutral density filter, 858 color lighting effects to the subject. position fresnel lens outf it may be correction filter for use with tungsten Weighsonly 1.4 Oz. used for focal length lensesfrom 35 film, and two wide-anglediffusers. Bounce Lighting Kit: to 135mm with 35mm format Supplied with case. Cat. No. 651 -795 cameras. Filter Kit FK-1: Cat. No. 651-738View original page 34
Page 41 · Read text
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SUNPR
ELECTRONIC FLASH xuls 444 P
SUNPAKDIVISION Copyright O tggs by Sunpak Corporation. All Rights Reserved.No
BERKEYMARKETINGCOMPANIES part of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,P.O.Box 1102 WOODSIDE,N.Y. 11377 photocopying. recording, or otherwise, without the prior written per-
Made and printed in JaPan missionof the company.View original page 41From the M. Butkus archive. Original publisher and archive notices are retained.
Check the model and edition against your equipment.
PDF verified 2026-10-10.