Universal Univex Corsair II User manual

f*portant
 T']HIS  comerd is a precision instrument,
  I   yhich produces excellent photograph-
 ic results when operated properly.  Th. .or-
 rect manipulation of the parts is as mechanicalas
 driving an automobile, although much simpler,
 and should be learned at  the outser.  After
 that,  the  arr  of photography is acquired by
 practice and experience.
  We have attempted to make the sections in
 this booklet logical and plain, so that no tech-
 nical knowledge  is needed to understand its
 contents. Therefore,  please read  these  in-
 structions  carefully.   After that, practicetaking
 pictures without film  in the camera until you
 are familiar  with   all  of  the controls.  Then
 you are ready for your  first  roll  of  film and
can expect to get good results.
Foreword
  Progressiveengineering and the extensive re-
sources of  the Universal Camera Corporation,
one of the largest unit manufacturers of cam-
eras in  the world,  stand behind the Univex
Corsair and are responsible for  its many our-
standing features. Just a few  of them are:
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Uses any 35 mm.  film   in  standard  cartridge.
  New   type  of   shutter   with   rear  operating
connections.
  A  built-in  exposure meter.
  A   built-in   flash  synchronizer   for  flash  bulb
pictures  ensuring  positive  synchronization  be-
tween  the exposure and  the  flash.
  A  50 mm.   f4.5  anastigmat  lens,  fully   cor-
rected  for  precision  work.
  An   automatic   safety  lock   against  double
exposures.
  Automatic  shutter  lock  that prevents making
exposure until  lens  is racked  out  to  the  "in-
finity"   setting  or  closer.
  Wind   knob   for   film   transport   that  auto-
matically   stops  after  6lm  has  advanced  one
frame.
  A   direct  and  simple  rewind  mechanism   to
wind  the film  back  into  the cartridge  after  pic-
tures have been taken.
  The  Filminder,   which   tells yon  at  all  times
-speed   of  film   in camera-whether       it  is color,
or  black and white  film-l8     or 36 exposures-
and whether  camera  is loaded  or  empty.
  Positive locking  device for back cover.
  Light  weight  body,  with  aluminum  knobs
and buttons and chrome plated dials and plates.

I{nou)  Yowr  eanoera
     FORBESTRESULTS
A.  Lens
B.   f  "stop" Scale
C.    f  "stop"  Indicator
D.  Distance Focusirg Scale
E.  Distance Index Line
F.  Focusitg Ring Knob
G.  Shutter Speed Scale
Ff.  Shutter Speed Ring
I.   Shutter Speed Indicator
I.  Exposure Counter
K.  Exposure Counter Index
L.  Wind Knob
M.  Shutter ReleaseButton
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N.  Socket for Cable Release
O.  Built-in Exposure Meter
P.  Optical Viewfinder
Q.  Synchronizer Clip for Photoflash Unit
R.  Back Cover
S.  C,over Lock
T.  Exposure Calculator
U.  Filminder
V.  Clutch Control Knob'W.
    Rewind Knob
X.  Front Support
Y.  Tripod Socket
A/OTtr: The aboue letters are used occasionaliy
in  tlte body of the insuuctions f o, conueniencc
u,/ten mentioning parts of  tlte con??ct"o.

WHICH FILMTO USE
ANY 35 mm. film in stondord cortridge con
        be used in this comero.
   To Load   eanoera,
FIG. 1. To load the camera, hy   it face down
on a convenient clean surface, with  the wind
knob toward you.  Be careful not  to  let the
lens touch any object that can scratch it. Give
the cover lock  (s)  a quarrer rurn  in  the di-
rection marked "open"  and remove the back
cover.
FIG. 2. Pull out the rewind knob.  Insert the
loaded cartridge horizontally into  the loading
chamber, having the cartridge projecting hub
toward you.  Then  slide the cartridge so that





           Fig.   I                         Fig" 2




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sPeirKnl

           Fig. 3                              F'ig.  4
its hub goes into the niche in the end of the
chamber.  Push in  the rewind knob  all  t'he
way-turning      it  a  little    it  necessary-to  se-
cure the cartridge in place.
FIG.  3. Pull  out enough  filnr  to rettch the
spool in the take-up chamber at the right. Slip
the tapered end of the film under the rniddle
of  the spring on  the  spo,ol. Then  slide the
film toward you so that one of  its perforations
engagesunder the small bump in the free end
of the spring.
F'IG. 4. Turn  the take-up spool by hand until
all of the tapered end of the film  is w,ound up,
being sure also that the film  is firmly attached
to the spool. After that, engage the perforations
in the film with the sprocket reeth.
  Replace the back cover and give the lock a
quarter turn clockrn'iseto lock it in plece.

FIG.  5. Now  set the  exp,osure counter   (l )
 ( turn   it  counter'clockwise) so that the arrow
under S of the word "START"  is at the index
line.  Then  turn  the wind  knob  until  the
exposure counter reaches the number OM,.
The knob automatically locks then, and  will
not  turn  until  the shutter release button has
been pressed.
  The carnera is n,ow ready to take pictures.
FIG.  6. To  set the filminder,  turn   it  to the
type and number  of exposures of  the loaded
film  by pushing the small bent-up ears with
the  fingers.   For  example, the  illustration
shows the filminder  set for a medium speed
film  of 18 exposures. This  dial  is a conve-
nient check on whether there is  film  in  the
  p

               FOR FIRST
              PICTURE





 TOSTART
  TI{EFI[M

            Fig. 5                          Fig.  6


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camera, and what  kind,  when  the camera has
not been used for some time.

  To Tuke  Ptetares
  Use the following simple procedure:
    ( a )  Determinewith the exposure meter
on the comero the exposure(f number ond
shutter speed) needed for the picture.
   (b)   Set the I number on the lens.
    ( c )  Set the shutter speed.
    ( d )  Estimote the distonce to the sub-
iect ond set it on the distqncefocusingscole.
   (e)   Locotethe subiectin the view finder
of the comero.
    (f  )  Pressthe shutterreleosebutton, thus
toking the picture.
   (g)   Turn the wind knob until it stops,
which qutomoticolly  releoses the  shutter
lock ond odvonces the film one frome for
the next picture.

T'he  balance  of   this  secrion  is  devoted  to
 detailed  information  about  these seven opera.
 tions.
 (a)   Determinotionof Exposure
  Exposurerefersto the f "stop" number com-
bined with shutter speedneededfor taking a
picture.
  Ao  t nutnber represents a certain siqeof
diaphragm opening (aperture)  in the leni.
And a shutter speed refers to the length
of  time  that  tie  shutter remains open.
Thryt an exposure re'fers to the amount of
 light  tha,t reaches the  film  through  the
lens. A definiteexposureis neededfor any film
becausethe latter requires a certain amount of
 light in order to be exposedproperly. Therefore,
a dull day requires comparatively large exposure
in order to get sufficientlight on the film. And
a brighr day requires compararively small ex-
posure in order not to have too much light on
the film.
   In  order to handle exposureswith  skill, the
photographer should be familiar with  the rela-
tionship between the different f numbers on his
camera. The Univex f.4.5 lens has the follow-
irg    f  "stop" markings:  f.4.5, 5.6, 8,  ll,   16.
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$,tcoND$fTIIN0





    [){PO$UR
    RIAOIN&
      FIRST$TTTINN
                              Fig.  7

F4.5 represents a  much  greater diaphragm
openirg  than f|6.  F1.5 passesapproxirnately
50%  nrore light  through the lens rhan  f5.6,
wlrich passes100% more than fB.  The latrer
is 100% bigger than  f I 1, which passes100%
more than  fl6.   Photographers call a 100%
increase of aperture a  full  "stop" difference.
Using the Exposure Meter
FIG. 7. To determine  the exposure                                                fo,  the
pictur€,  lo'ok through  the exposure meter
at the area to be photographed.  The  gen-

                                             1 1

eral  rule  is to measure  the  light  intensity
of the most impoftant   part  of  the' subject
in order  to expose properly    f or  that.
   In looking into the meter, have the eye next
to the eyepiece. Place hand over eye for better
vision in meter. Part of the clockwise circle of
numbers from  I to 8 will be visible. Wait  ap-
proximately   three seconds in order  to  let
the eye become adjusted,  and then  deter-
mine the highest number  that can be read.
This number will be used as part of two settings
to be made on the exposurecalculator(T), from
which the exposurereading will be taken.
   First  setting:  Rotate  the middle  disc to
get the speed rating number  of your  film
opposite  the arrow head marked N on the
bottom  disc.   If a filter is being used,have the
number opposite the proper filter factor, for  in-
stance 2x or 4x, etc., according to the rating of
the  filter.   If  a film speed is not one of the
numbers on the dial, use the nearest number.
For  instance, use 24 for a  film  speed of  26.
The speed ratings of films are available where
purchased.
  Second setting:  Turn  the top dial,  with-
out  disturbing   the middle  one, to get the
type       subject  (Shy-Seo-Snow,       or
          "t
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Normal, or Interior-Shade)   opposite the
highest number  seen in  the  exposure
meter.
Explonotionof Types of Subiect
  Sky-Seo-Snow:This classincludesall open
landscape scenes showing  some  sky,  or  of  pic-
                           r snow.
  Normol: This group includes everything nor
in the other two classifications.
   Interior-Shode: This  includes any pictures
taken in the shade of trees or a house, etc., or
inside a building.
  Any  one of  the exposure  readings  (dn
f number and a shutter speed directly  over
 it) can then be taken from  the lover   left
sections of the top and middle  discs.
FIG. 7 illustratesan example with a film speed
of 24, no filter, and subject a street scene (nor-
mal). The highest number seenin the meter is
6. Therefore,the exposureis f5.6 at 1/100th sec-
ond or f8 at l/50th  second,or  flI   at L/25th
second. Any one set of these exposuresmay be
used for the picture. However, in some casesit is
necessaryto select a particular combination hav-
ing either a fast shutter speed or a small lens
aperturein order to get a good picture.
                                       13

The  following    is  a  guide  for  selecting one
combination  {rom  a  group  of  them  compris-
ing  the same exposure.  For  a  stationary  sub-
ject, or one  that may move  only  slightly,    it  is
best  practice  to  use a  combination   having  a
relatively  small  lens  opening,   in  order   to  get
greater depth  of scene in  the  picture.   With  a
moving  subject, and  in  candid photography,   it
is necessary to use a fast shutter  action  in order
to avoid getting a blurred  representation of the
subject in  motion.
  The  subject  is  moving   fastest  with   respect
to  the  film  when  in  motion  "across" and  close
to  the  lens; somewhat  slower  at 45 degrees to
the  lens;  and  slowest when  distant  from    it
or moving   directly  toward    it.   Therefore,  con-
sider the approximate  speed of  the  subject, and
its motion  relative  [o the camera, before choos-
ing  the  shutter  speed.
  The    f  numbers  on  the  middle   disc  of  the
calculator  are  the  same ones  that  appear  on
the  lens.    If  a  shutter  time  should  appear  in
the  blank  space between  two    f  numbers  on
the  disc,  then  set  the   f  "stop"   indicator  be-
tween  the same two    f  numbers  on  the  lens.
On  the other  hand, do  not  use the particular

l4


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                                                                                                    .J

c()nrllinatiou rvlrcr-c ln    f  nunrbcr  is  urrrler  ir
lrlanli space betwecn twc-r shutter  tirncs.
 (lD)  Setting the F Number on the Lens
FIG.  8.  Move  the   f  "stop"  indicator  (C)  ro
the desired  f nurnber.  The scale is m:rrked for
settings   f ron'r  f1.5  to    f | 6.  Thc   illtrstrari,rn
shows tlre lcns set for  f5.6.
  To  use  f  "stops"  not  n-rarked on  the  scale,
but  lying  betrvcen f4.5 and  fI6,  ser rhe  indi-
cator betu,eer-rthe two nearest numbers that do
appear  oll   tlte  scale.  For  instance, for   f(t.3,
set the indicatr-rr midway  between  f5.6 and  ftJ.
 ( e )  Setting  the  Shutter Speed
FIG.9.  Turn  the sl'rutter speed ring  (FI)  un-
til  the indicator  (notch  in  the ring)   is oppo-

                      SHUTIEBSPEED
      x6 s


         ('-"\=1ll---          'slop"INDlcAToB        **t-f

                  I,'ig.  8                               F'ig'  9
                   (Cotttirtttt'tl     ort  ptt!'c 18)
                                                                                                                                  l ;

Fig.  to                      Fig.   lt

 site the desired speed. The sca.leis marked for
speeds between l/25th  and l/200th  of a sec-
ond, and "Bulb", and "Time".  The  illustra-
 tion shows the shutter set for  l/100th  of a
second.
 (d)   Focusing
FIG.  10. Estimate the  distance between the
cameraand the subject. Then push the  f ocus-
ing  ring  knob  (F)   until  the  proper   dis-
tance on the focusing  scale (D)   is opposite
the index  line  (E).  When the lens has been
advancedto the focusing position for infinity (be-
yond 50 ft. from the camera) a'slight changein
pressurewill be felt. T'he lens can then be fur-
ther advanced for any setting between infinity
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lltd  3 feet.  The  shuttcr releasc buttr-rn c:lnnot
be depressed until  the  lens  is focused  for  in-
finity  or  closer.
  For  distances between  the numbers  on  the
scale, have  the  proportionate  point  on  the
scale opposite the index  line.  For  instance,  for
20 feet, have the index  line midway  between
15 and 25, as illustrated.
 ( e  )  Composing  the  Picture
FIG. 11. Look  through   the  view  finder  and
locate   the  subject    in    it  os  desired.   The
carnera is being aimed directly at the subject when
the finder front window  appears centered in the
finder  tube, as shown  in  the  illustration. What





            Fig. 12                       Fig. 13
                                          19

is seen throtrgh the view  finder  will  appear ln
 the  picture.

 FIG.  12. For  pictures with  the  long  dimen-
 sion  horizontal,  hold  the calnera horizontallv
 as shown.

 FIG.  13. For  pictures with  the long dimension
 r-ertical, hold  the carnera vertically, as shorvn.
   In  both  cases, brace the camera so that   it
 is as steady as possible.

  (f   )  Toking  the Picture
   Press  the  shutter   release  button     ( M  )
 slowly  as   f o,  ds   it   will  go.  The  picture   it
taken iust before the button reaches the bottom
 of  its motion.

FIG.  14.  The  Uni-
\/ex  Cable  Release
 can  be  attached  to
the camera  for  con-
 venience  in  operat-
irg  the  shutter. |ust
screw the cable into
the    cable   release
socket    (N),    and
press the  cable but-               FiE.  74
20

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ton when  ready  to operate the  shutter.
"Bulb" ond "Time" Shots
FIG.  15. When   it  is desired to take a picture
needing  a  longer  shutter  time  than    I /25th
second, use either  the  "Bulb"  or  the  "Time"
shot rnethod.  Set the camera down  on a solid
support for both.
  The  "Bulb"  method  is recommended  for  a
short "Time"  shot. Turn  the shutter speed ring
so that  the  indicator  notch   is opposite B on
the scale. When  ready  for  the  picture, open
 the shutter by  pressing the release button  on
 the  camera  or  on  the  cable  release.  Hold
down  the  button  for  the  desired time  and
 then let go, thus ending the exposure.

          SHUTIERSPEEDINDICATOR
                      /





  FOB''TIME,,EXPOSURE

                            Fig. 15
                                      2T

When  making  a long  "Time"   shot, align  the
indicator  notch  on  the speed ring  with  T  on
the  scale.  Press and release the button  to open
the  shutter,  wait  the  desired  length  of  expos-
ure  time,  and  then  press the  button  again  to
end  the  exposure.
 (g)  Turn the Wind Knob
  The  shutter  release button  locks  automatic-
ally  after each picture,   if  the wind  knob  had
been turned  previously  as  far  as  it   will  go.
This  prevents double  exposures (two  pictures
on  the same section  of  film).   To  "unlock"
the  shutter. and  to advance the  film   for  the
next  picture, :urn  the wind  knob  as far  as  it
will  go.  The exposure counter  will  turn  to the
next  higher  number   at  the same  time.

  To  llnload,   Curnera
FIG.  16. When  the exposure counter  indicates
that  18 or 36 exposures have been made  (de-
pending  on  the  length  of  the  film  loaded  in
the camera),  pull  out  the clutch  control  knob
 (V)   which  releases the  sprocket so  that  the
film may be rervound.  Turn the rewind knob (W)
in a clockwise  direction  until  the fihn  has been



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rewound    into   the
cartridge, which  will
be   recognized   by
the   fact   that   the
clutch  control  knob
has stopped turning.
  Af ter that, push
back   the   clutch
control to its seated
position  -  turning
it   if  necessary -                  Fis. 16
against   the' bottom   of  the  cnmera.
  Remove  the  back  cover;  also  the  cartridge
after  pulling  our  the rewind  knob.  The  film
in  the cartridge  is now  ready to be developed,
which should be done as soon thereafter as pos-
sible by yourself or by a good photo-finisher.





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