Vivitar Series 1 70 210MM User manual

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Controls and Components
   Accessory Thread
   ZoomlFocus Control
    Distance Scale
   Depth of Field Scales
    Infrared Index Line
   Aperture Index Dot
   Aperture Ring
   Lens Mounting Alignment Dot
   Lens Mount
    Variable Aperture Indicator
    Distance Index Line
    Focal Length Scale
   Macro Range Position and Index

Mounting the Lens
Your Vivitar zoom lens will mount on your camera in the same manner as your
normal lens. While mounting your lens, leave the front lens cap on to avoid
smudging the front element. Make sure the Lens Mounting Alignment Dot on the
lens and the similar dot on the camera are aligned before attempting to mount
the lens.
NOTE: Canon mount Vivitar lenses have a black locking ring at the back of the
lens mount. To mount the lens on your camera, grasp the lens firmly in your right
hand with the lens mount facing away from you. With the left hand, turn the
locking ring counter-clockwise so that the red index dot on the locking ring is
aligned with the red aperture index dot. Remove the rear lens cover. The locking
ring is now in the correct position for mounting the lens on the camera. Holding
the camera in your left hand, mount the iens onto the camera, making sure that
the red index dot on lhe camera is aligned with the red index dots on the lens,
Turn the locking ring clockwise to lock the lens on your camera.
To remove the lens from the camera, simply reverse the process. Remember,  in
order to remove or mount the lens or lo remove or replace the rear protective lens
cover, lhe red index dots on the lens must be in alignment

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Holding the Camera and Lens
For best balance during use, support the lens/camera combination with your left
hand under the lens. This leaves your right hand free to operate the camera
controls.
Setting the Aperture
The Aperture Ring controls the amount of light allowed to reach the film by
varying the size of the lens diaphragm opening As the lens is set to higher   f /stop
numbers, the diaphragm becomes smaller, allowing less light to reach the film.
This lens has an automatic mechanism which allows you to focus and compose
the picture with lhe diaphragm wide open. At the moment of shutter release, the
diaphragm  will automatically stop down to the aperture pre-selected manually or
as determined by the camera's metering and exposure control system
NOTE: Certain model lenses have an auto/manual selector which must be set at
the auto position for automatic diaphragm control. In the manual position, the
f /stop is selected by rotating the Aperture Ring.

Variable Aperture Lens
This is a variable aperture lens which means that the effective aperture changes
from the set aperture as the lens is zoomed from the shortest focal length to the
longest focal length. For correct metering, the aperture is always sel at the red
Aperture Index Dot. At the shortest focal length the aperture rst/2.8 The shortesl
focal length is color-coded in red and corresponds to the aperture set at the red
index dot. The longest focal length is color-coded in green. The maximum
aperture at that focal length is approximated by the green Variable Aperture
 Indicator.
 lf you are using a camera equipped with automatic shutter control, automatic
aperture control, or both, your camera will automatically compensate for the
 variable aperture.  lf you are using the manual mode on cameras so equipped,
follow metering procedures as outlined in your camera manual, remembering that
changes in focal length may require manual adjustments in shutter speed or
aperture due to the actual EFFECTIVE aperture values at the 2lOmm focal length
Lenses lor Automatic Cameras
Many of today's cameras are designed to automatically set the lens aperture.

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Your Vivitar zoom lens is fully compatible with these systems.
Canon: Canon mount lenses have a click stop at the green dot for automatic
operation. The Aperture Ring may be set and removed from this position in a
manner similar to your normal lens.
Pentax KA (P/K-A): Pentax KA mount lenses have a green "A" position on the
aperture ring for automatic modes of operation. Set the green "A" to the red
Aoerture Index Dot.
Minolta: On Minolta mounl lenses, the minimum aperture setting is engraved in
green. When using this lens in automatic mode on correspondingly equipped
cameras, set this minimum aperture position to the red Aperture Index Dot.
Focusing and Zooming
Vivitar's "one-touch" design lets you focus and compose your picture quickly and
easily. Focusing and zooming are both controlled by the single ZoomlFocus
Control.
1. To focus in the normal (non-macro) mode, zoom the lens to the 210mm focal
   length, then turn the ZoomlFocus Control until the sublect appears in sharpest
   focus in the camera viewfinder Then, if you desire, zoom the lens to obtain the
   composition you wanl.

2. Tozoom from one focal length to another, slide the ZoomlFocus  Control along
   the lens barrel to the desired position. The Focal Length Scale shows the most
  commonly used focal lengths. This zooming capability gives you excellent
   creative control over the composition of your photo, since unwanled
   backgrounds can be "cropped out" from around your main subject by
   increasing the focal length,
3. Since zooming may cause you to inadvertently turn the ZoomlFocus  Control
    slightly,  it is recommended lhat you recheck the focus for sharpness before
   taking the piclure.
4. Under extremely cold conditions, all lenses experience a shift in focus. When
   operating under these conditions, you may observe that the lens will come into
   focus just prior to reaching the infinity mark and stop position. This is a normal
   condition.
Distance to Subject
Once focused, you can determine the approximate distance between camera and
sublect,  if desired, (useful in flash and infrared photography) byfinding the point
on the feet or meters Distance Scale intersected bv the Distance lndex Line.

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   Inlrared Index Line
    Since infrared radiation focuses at a different point from light, your lens has an
     Infrared Index Line engraved on the barrel for use with black and white infrared
      film. When using B&W infrared film, focus normally on your sublect, select the
   zoom position you prefer and find the distance to subject as explained above
    Wilhout changing the zoom position, turn the ZoomlFocus Control to the right until
     this distance to subject intersects lhe Infrared Index Line. Your lens will then be
    focused for average infrared photography.  Note. Infrared radiation is variable by
    nature and therefore this setting can only be approximate and may not be sharp
     in every situation.
  Depth ol Field
    Deplh of field is lhe area of acceptable sharpness  in front of and behind the
    subjecl in focus This deplh is determined by three factors: the lens aperture, the
     focal length, and the distance to subject. Increasing aperture size and/or focal
     length reduces the depth of field around a given subject. Decreasing  aperture
    and/or focal length has the opposite effect. Conversely, depth of field increases
    as distance to subject increases and vice versa. This variability of the depth of
      field offers you creative possibilities -  by opening the lens to wider apertures you
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can blur oul unwanted backgrounds and foregrounds-something  which is
 particularly pleasing in portrait and still-life photography.
Depth of Field Scales
For depth of field reference, your lens has two sets of Depth of Field scale
markings on the lens barrel. These Depth of Field scales are color-coded to the
corresponding  aperture. The blue scale is for use at  f /8 and the green scale is for
use al  I /22.
To quickly determine depth of field at these apertures,  first turn the ZoomlFocus
Control until the subject is in sharpest focus and then note where the color,coded
Depth of Field Scale line intersecls the Distance scale on the ZoomlFocus
Control. This will indicate the area of acceptable sharpness in front of and behind
the subject in focus.
Example: with your lens at the 70mm setting and focused at 15 feet (4.6 meters),
if the Aperture Ring is set to f/8 then everything between approximately 13 feet
and 20 feet (4 and 6 meters) will be in focus, as indicated by the blue Depth of
Field Scale markings.
with your lens al the 21 Omm setting and focused at 15 feet (4.6 meters),  if the
Aperture Ring is setlot/22, then everything between approximately l4 feet and

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   16 feet (4 and 5 meters)  will be in focus, as indicated by the green Depth of Field
   Scale markings
  Macro Mode Operation
   1. Move the ZoomlFocus  Control to the 210mm focal length position.
   2. Rotate the ZoomlFocus Control until it stops at the MACRO position.
   3. Move your camera and lens toward the subject until the image comes inlo
      sharp focus.This is the maximum reproduction ratio.  lf desired, you may move
     away from the subject somewhat, then turn the ZoomlFocus  Control for
      sharpest focus.
   4. Please refer to specifications for maximum reproduction ratio and minimum
      focusing distance from film plane.
  NOTE: "Reproduction Ratio" refers to tfie relationship between the actual size of
   your subject and the size of its image on the film. For example, a reproduction
    ralio of 1 :4 means that the size of the image on the  f ilm is 1 /4 lifesize. A ratio of
,  1:2 means the size of the image is |/2 lifesize.
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Helflul Hints in Macro Operation
1. Because exposure in macro photography is critical to getting the best possible
    picture,  it js a good idea to shoot several pictures of the same subject, varying
   the exposure slrghtly. This melhod rnvolves shooting the pictures at the  f /stop
   indicated by your camera metering system, underexposin g by  I /2 to 1  f /stop
  and overexposing 1/2lo1flstop. (Your particular camera may require use of
   the exposure compensation conlrol.)
2. Always try to use a tripod or other stable support when shooting at higher
   reproduction ratios to assure that no slight movements occur to degrade
   picture quality lf a stable support is unavailable or impossible to use, take the
   photo at the.fastest shutter speed that lighting conditions will allow
3. We recommend using a cable release to trigger the shutter of your camera.
  Even the slightest movement caused by your finger depressing the shutter
   release can affect the quality of macro photos at high reproduction ratios. lf
   your camera has a self-timer, you can use it to prevent this movement if a
   cable release is not available.
4. when shooting pictures in macro mode, the depth of field is diminished.  lt is
   therefore recommended you use the smallest f/stop possible.


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Lens Care
Please consider the purchase of a VIVITAR PRO PACK for the care and long life
of your new lens.  lt consists of a 1A Skylightfilter, collapsible lens hood, sofi
pouch lens case, and a lens cleaning kit containing a blower brush, chamois
cloth, lens tissue, and cleaner. The items we selected for the kit and the reasons
are as follows:
1 . lt is a good idea to keep a Skylight 1A or UV filter on your lens at all times.
   This not only improves photographs,  but also protects the front lens elemenl
  from dirt and scratches.
  NOTE: To help keep your lens dust free, be sure both front and rear lens caps
   are in place when the lens is not in use
2. Clean your lens with an airbrush, anti-static brush or wipe it lightly wtth a
   camel-hair brush or lens tlssue to gently brush away loose particles. To
   remove fingerprints or smudges use a lens chamois or clean, soft cotton cloth
   moistened with lens cleaning fluid. Never rub the lens surface with your finger,
   clothing or any other possibly abrasive material. This will scratch the lens
   coating and cause damage to the element surface.
3. Always store your lens in a cool, dry place. lt is a good idea to store  it with the
    silica gel packet supplied, especially during wet or humid weather. A lens case

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with a silica gel packet is a handy means of storage and provides excellent
    protection for your lens.
Specif ications
 Focal Length: 70 - 21Omm
 Aperture Range: t/2.8 -  t/22
 Optical Construction: I4 Multicoated Elements in 11 Groups
 Angle of Acceptance: 35 to 12 degrees
 Minimum Focusing Distance: 1.1 m (3.6  ft.)
 Maxi mum Reoroduction Ratio: I:2.5
 Length at infinity: 131 mm (516 in.)
Weight: 670 g (23.6 oz.)
 Maxi mum Barrel Diameter: 68.2 mm (2.7 in.)
Accessory Size: 58mm

Specifications subject to change without nolice. Length and weight may vary
 slrghtly depending on lens mount.


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  Organes et commandes
      1. Filetage pour accessotres
     2. Bague de zoom/mise au Point
     3. Echelle des distances
     4. Repdres de profondeur de chamP
     5. Ligne de repdre pour infra-rouge
      6. Repere du diaphragme
   T Bague des diaphragmes
     8. Repdre d'alignement pour montage de I'objectif
     9. Monture
     10. Repdre de I'ouverture variable
     11 . Repdre de la distance
     12. Echelle des focales
     13. Position de reglage et repere macro
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Montage de I'objectif
 Le zoom Vivitar se fixe sur I'appareil de prise de vues comme un obiectif
 standard. Lors du montage de lobjectif, laisser le bouchon avant sur I'oblectif afin
 d'6viter de tacher la lentille avant. s'assurer que le repere d'alignement grave sur
 I'objectif et le repere correspondant grave sur l'appareil photo Joient alignes,
 avant d'essayer d'enclencher I'objectif,
 REMARQUE: Les objectifs Vivitar d monture canon ont une bague noire de
 blocage a I'arri6re de la monture de l'objectif. pour monter lobjettif sur I'appareil
 photo, tenir I'objectif fermement de la main droite avec la lentille avant le plus
 pres du corps. De la main gauche tourner la bague de blocage en sens inverse
 horaire de fagon d ce que le repere rouge de la bague de blocage s'aligne avec
 le repere rouge du diaphragme Retirer le bouchon arriere de I'objectif La bague
de blocage esl alors en posilion pour permettre le montage de l'objectif sur
 lappareil renir I'appareil photo de la main gauche et monter I'objectif sur
 I'appareil, tout en s'assurant que le repere rouge d'alignement de I'appareil
 s'aligne avec les reperes rouges de I'objectif rourner la bague de blocage eh
sens horaire pour bloquer I'objectif sur l'appareil.
Pour relirer I'objectif de I'appareil, simplement proc6der en sens inverse. se
 rappeler. pour retirer ou monter I'objectif ou pour relirer ou remettre le bouchon

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     arridre de protection de I'objectif,  il faut que les repdres rouges de I'obiectif soient
    alignes.
  Tenue de l'obiectif
    Pour assurer un equilibre maxrmum pendant I'emploi, soutenir I'ensemble
    obtectif/appareil de prise de vues de la main gauche. Ceci permet de manipuler
    librement les commandes de I'appareil de la main droite.
  R6glage de I'ouverture
    La bague des diaphragmes rdgle la quantite de lumidre qui impressionne  le film
   en modifianl la grandeur de I'ouverlure du diaphragme de I'objectif. A mesure que
     l'objectif sera 16916 sur des valeurs num6riques de diaphragme plus grandes,
    l'ouverlure du diaphragme deviendra plus petite, permettant  le passage de moins
   de lumiere jusqu'au  film.
    Cet objectif est muni d'un diaphragme automatique permettant  le cadrage et la
    mise au point A pleine ouverture Lors du d6clenchement de I'obturateur,  le
    diaphragme se fermera   j usqu'd l'ouverlure pr6alablement  s6lectionnee
    manuellement ou d6termin6e par le systeme ds mesure et de commande
     d'exposition de I'appareil photo.

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REMARQUE: Certains modeles de cet oblectif ont un selecteur de fonctionnement
 automatique/manuel, qui doit elre regle sur la position ',auto" pour enclencher la
commande automatique du diaphragme. Regle sur manuel, le diaphragme sera
 choisi en tournant la bague des diaphragmes.
Obiectil d'ouverture variable
Cetob1ec1ifestAouvertureVariab|e,""o,.u"
 s'eloignera de la valeur d'ouverture regl6e selon la variation de la focale depuis la
plus courte jusqu'a la plus longue. pour obtenir des mesures d'exposrrron
correctes, il faut que la valeur d'ouverture soit toujours placee en face du repdre
rouge du diaph;agme. A la focale la plus courte, I'ouverture maximale serat/2,g.
La focale la plus courte est codee en couleur rouge et correspond a  I ouverlure
reglee en face du repere rouge. La focale la plus iongue est codee en couleur
verte. A cette focale, I'ouverture maximale sera indiquee de fagon approximative
par le repere vert d'ouverlure variable.
si I'on se sert d'un appareil equipe d'un systeme de commande automatique de la
vitesse, du diaphragme, ou des deux, I'apparerl compensera automatrquement
cette variation du diaphragme.  Si l'on emploie le mode manuel avec un appareil
ainsi equipe, suivre les consignes relatives d la mesure de I'exposition, telles

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   t     qu'indiqu6es dans le mode d'emploi de I'appareil, en tenant compte du fait que
    I   Oes modifications de la focale peuvent exiger des reglages manuels de la vitesse     j    O'obturation ou de I'ouverlure du diaphragme, d0 aux valeurs v6ritables
    I   EFFECTIVES a la focale 210 mm
     Objectifs pour appareils photo i automatismes
      Un grand nombre des boitiers actuels sonl munis de systdmes conQUS pour r6gler
       automatiquement  I'ouverture de I'objectif. Le zoom Vivitar est tout A fait compatible
      avec ces types de systdmes.
      Canon: Les objectifs A monture Canon ont un cran suppl6mentaire,  indique par le
        point vert, pour engager le fonctionnement automatique. La bague des
       diaphragmes peut etre 169l6e sur cette position, et retir6e d'elle, comme pour tout
       diaphragme  chiffre.
       Pentax KA (P/K-A): Les objectifs a monture Pentax KA ont un "A" grav6 en vert
        sur la bague des diaphragmes pour le fonctionnement en automatisme.  Regler  le
       "A" vert en face du repere rouge du diaphragme.
        Minolta: Sur les obiectifs d monture Minolta, le repdre de I'ouverture minimum est
       grav6 en vert, Lors de I'emploi de cet objectif en mode automalique sur les
         boitiers munis des automalismes correspondants, 169ler cette valeur de

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diaphragme minimum en face du repere rouge du diaphragme
Mise au point et variation de focale
La bague unique de commande de cet objectit Vivitar permet au photographe de
cadrer et de mettre au point rapidement et simplement. cette bague unique
assure a elle seule la varialion de focale et la mise au ooint.
 1 . Pour meilre au poinl en mode normal (non macro), faire glisser la bague de
   zoomlmise au point jusqu'd la focale 21 0 mm. Tourner ti oague lusqu'dr ce
  que re sujet apparaisse trds net dans le viseur. Ensuite on peut cadrer I'imaoe
  comme on veul, en passant jusqu'a une focale plus courte.
2. Pour passer d'une focale d I'autre, faire glisser la bague de zoom/mise au
   point le long du barillet de I'oblectif jusqu'd la position d6siree. Les focales les
   plus courantes sont indiqu6es sur I'echelle des focales. Grace d cette capacit6
   de zooming, le photographe  maitrise parfaitement la composition de ses
   clich6s.  ll lui suffit, en effet, pour supprimer un arriere-plan g6nant, cie passer d
  une focale plus longue.'
3. Vu qu'en zooming on peut, par inadvertance,  tourner regerement  la bague de
  zoom/mise au point,  il est conseil16 de verifier la nettet6 de la mise au ooint
   avant de d6clencher.

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    4. Lors de froid extr6me, les objectifs pourront subir une variation de la mise au
         point. Lors de I'emploi de I'objectif dans ces conditions, on peut noter que
         l'objectif se mettra au point 169drement avant d'arriver a la but6e du repdre
         d'infini. Ce qui est parfaitement normal.
   Distance suiet/elpareil Photo
    Une fois la mise au point effectuee,  il est possible de d6terminer la distance
    approximalive enlre le sujet et I'appareil de prise de vues (tres utile pour les
    photos au flash ou en infra-rouge) en relevant sur l'6chelle des distances gradu6e
    en mdtres ou pieds, le point d'intersection avec la ligne de repere des distances.
   Ligne de rep6re pour infra-rouge
    Le plan sur lequel s'effectue la mise au point du rayonnement infra-rouge 6tant
      diff6rent de celui de la lumidre, une ligne de repdre infra-rouge a 6t6 grav6e sur le
      barillet de I'objectif pour I'utilisation de films infra-rouges noir et blanc. Lors de
     I'emoloi de ces derniers, faire le point sur le sulet comme d'habitude, s6lectionner
      la focale el relever la distance appareil/sulet selon les explications qui pr6cedent.
    Sans modifier la focale, tourner la bague de zoom/mise au point vers la droite
     jusqu d ce que la distance appareil/sujet se trouve en face de la ligne de repdre
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infra-rouge. ceci assure alors une mise au point moyenne de I'objectif pour la
 photographie en infra-rouge. Remarque.  la radiation infra-rouge eiant variable de
 par sa nature,  il ne peut s'agir ici que d'un reglage approximatif,  et  il se peul que
 la nettete du sujet varie selon les clrconstances.
Prolondeur de champ
 La profondeur de champ est la zone de nettete acceptable situ6e devant et
 derriere le sujet au point. celle-ci depend de trois facteurs: I'ouverture du
 diaphragme,  la focale, et la drstance appareil/sujet. Lorsque I'ouverture ou
 diaphragme etlou la focale augmentent,  la profondeur de champ relative a un
 sujet donne diminue. Inversement, une diminution de I'ouverture etlou de la
focale, entraine'un accroissement de la profondeur de champ. par ailleurs, plus le
 sujet est eloigne plus la profondeur de champ est imporlante,  et inversement.
cette variabilit6 de la profondeur de champ offre au photographe de nombreuses
 possibilites. en augmentant l'ouverture de  I objectif,  il lui esl possible d,6liminer de
 la zone de nettete tout arriere-plan ou premier plan 96nant, ce qui est
particulidremenl rnteressanl pour le portrait ou les natures mortes.



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