Vivitar XV-1 User manual

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  Description of controls
 Q      exposure counter window                                                  I
 @ film advance lever with built-in shutter lock
 @ Snutter release button
       Shutter speed knob/diat O
 @ Snutter speed index line
                 hot shoe O "X" sync.
 @ Film plane reference
 @ Film speed dial
 @ Fitm rewind knob
 @ fitm rewind crank                          1i          speed index mark                        '4    I   rirr
 @ "X" sync. PC cord socket
 @ Aperture setting ring @ Aperture/distance scale index line           11rl
 @ Depth of field scale
 @ Focusrng ring/distance scale
 @ ^traP lugs- --'
                                                                        ki n g button.'(A   Bay, |r t6^ou nt lens release/ loc
 @ Sett-timer lever
 @ Viewfinder
    1i! Fiiin advance sprockets
 @ tttutti-slotted film takeup spool
 @ fitm pressure plate
 @ fim aperturei shutter curtain                 l                                     \_ @ fitm chamber                                 =1       Film reminder holder and DIN/       +'# @       Film rewind button                                     i @
 @ Camera serial number
 @ TripoO socket

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                                                         Digitally signed by Mike Butkus
                                           DN: cn=Mike Butkus, o=Butkus camera manuals,
                                                ou=butkus.org, email=mike@butkus.org, c=USMike Butkus  Date: 2023.11.03 00:12:06 -04'00'

Venmo @mike-butkus-camera  Ph. 2083
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Installing the battery
    The metering system in your XV-1 is powered by a single 1.35 volt
     mercury battery (Mallory PX 675, Eveready EPX 675 or
     equivalent) To install the battery:
    1-Using acoin orsimilar item, unscrewand removethe battery
    compartment cover @.
    2-lnsert the battery with the positive (+) side facing into the     t
     battery compartment. To ensure correct installation, the
    camera's positive contact is stamped with a "+" symbol.
    3-Replace the battery compartment cover and tighten  it                                                                                                                                                                                                       1II     securely.
    4-Check battery function/energy level by: (a.) setting the
      shutter speed to l/goth second and opening the lens aperture to
       its maximum f-stop (smallest number), (b.) looking through the
     viewfinder at a brightly lighted area, and (c.) switching the
     metering system "onl' The meter needle should swing sharply
     upwards from its center (null) position  if the battery  is fresh and
     correctly installed. Should the needle fail to respond, recheck
      battery installation and,  if necessary, replace  it with a fresh cell.
     *The preceding steps are allexplained in appropriate sections of
     the following text.
    IMPORTANfl Be prepared.  . .always carry a spare battery ortwo
     with you and avoid any possibility of metering failure due to a
    weak or exhausted battery.
   Loading the film
    1-Release the safety lock on the shutter release button @ by
     winding the film advance lever @ from left to right until the
                                                                      in the                                                             release                                                             slot                                      lever                                          clears the                     end of the     locking          cam on theI                                                              to                                                         confirm          I                                                    button                                             the                           Then                                 depress                                         it operable.      button, making
                          is not cocked.I     that the shutter
    2-Fold out and pull up on the film rewind crank @ and film
                                          back snaps open.*:   rewind knob @ assembly until the camera
                                                      push'    3-tnsert the film cassette into the film chamber @ and
t     ,Jown or:the crank and knob assembly until
k                                                                        its forked shaft mates

_Tlq
                                     www.butkus.us with the cassette spindle.  lf necessary, rotate the knob back and                         i
 forth slightly to ensure correct connection.
4-Hold the cassette in place and draw the film leader across    il
 thefilm aperture @ and irrsertthe leader tip into oneof the film  4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              l takeup spool-slots @.
S-Wind the film advance lever @ sufficientfy to secure film                                                                                                   .j leader on the takeup spool, making certain that the film

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .                  .t perforations are properly engaged over the frlm sprockets @
6-With the  f ilm rewind crank still extended, rewind the  f ilm very     4:
 slightlytotake up any slack between cassette and takeup spool.            il
 After checking that the film is securely attached and tracking
 properly, fold down the rewind crank and snap the camera back           d
 securely closed.
7-Look in the exposure counter window @ which will show the
 letter "S" (Start) centered against the index mark. Wind the film
advance lever counter-clockwise as far as it will go to cock the
 shutter, then release the shutter by pressing down on the shutter
release button. Repeatthis procedure and a "O" willappear  in the       .{
counter window. Advance the lever one more time and you arereadyto make yourfirst exposure. The exposure counter returns                     r:iq
to the "S" position automatically when the camera back is
opened to remove the used film cassette.
 NOTE 1: For your convenience the "S," "12:' "20:' "24" and,'36"
exposure indications are contrasted in red on the exposure
counter dial.
NOI.E 2; To avoid premature loss of battery energy, never leave
the  f ilm advance lever in the "standoff " (meterlng oh) position for
extended periods of time.
Setting the film speed
For correctly exposed photographs  it is important to set the               I
XV-1's metering system to match the ASA or DIN rating of the film                      i
you have loaded in the camera. To set the ASA film speed:                                                                                                                                                1{
1- Rotate the  f ilm speed dial @ in either direction until selected
ASA film speed aligns with the index mark @.
2-lI  is necessary to convert DIN to ASA since the.dial  is

calibrated  in ASA values. To do this, consult the conversion chart
 @ on the camera back.
 3-To remind you of the type of film you are using- and the
  cassette capaiity, insert the tab from the end of the film carton in
  the film reminder pocket over the conversion chart'
 Focusing the camera lens
  The XV-1's focusing screen combines a central microprism
  surrounded by a glound glass collar, providing two critical
  focusing alternatives (see illustration A). Additionally,. the entire
  focusing screen may be used for both focusing and picture
  compoiition. However, since the human eye tends to overlook
  minor differences in sharpness, the microprism orground glass
   collar should always be used to achieve critical focusing.
  Microprism Focusing
  Centei the microprism on a critical area of your subject. The
  microprism will appear fragmented when subject  is out of focus'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      '  By rotating the foc'using ring @ in the appropriate direction the
  image wilibecome shalp anOitear, confirming accurate focus.
  Ground Glass Collar Focusing
  Some people prefer using the giound glass collar,surrounding
  tne microprism for criticalJocusing. Again, center the collar on a
   iriticat area of your subject and rotate the focusing ring untilthe
  image in the ground glass becomes sharp and clear'





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Holding the camera           www.butkus.us
    A steady stance and a firm grip on the camera goes
      hand-in-hand with good exposures. correct n-iionLr
        vertical camera oripl are grbphicafly oemonstrii"Ji,, pnotos"no B     and C inside Oaix coverTlaps.


Fll     when using shutter speeds berow 1/3oth second, use a sturdy       tripod or other convenient rrrm iupport for youi;;;;;  to avoid
     unwanted vibrations or other form's of camera rnou"rnant.         t!
    Metering qnd exposure alternatives_
    Aperture Priority or Shutter priority
     XV-1 match-needre metering features an open aperture
     center-weighted averaging system in which .or6.1iv oaranced
     exposures are determined by centering the meter needre
     between two fixed reference'points  in ine viewJinoeias
       illustrated. Needre adjustmeni is controiled in two ways: 1) by      setting             the aperture                                      first, then                               matching                                              the                                            snrii"ispieo                                                                           to this                                            "bV                                            -inL?        setti        ng                          rtu re priority                            method)                                                                   n g              .(Ape                                                                     i.iti                                                                       ; z )                                                                     utt",
    speed first, then matching the afertursto thii"s"ttrg (shutter       Priority method).
     lpg!-"" P1io.rity is used when controiling the extent of picture
     sharpness takes precedence over shutteispeeo lsLe ,;Depth of
       rlelo,' following) The aperture is set first ano in" ,nutter speed    matched to  it.





                                                                                                                                             -     '.ll

                                                                                                                                '..t-.i>--  e                       A

Shutter Priority isused in fast action situations where high shutter
     speeds are needed to "freeze" rapid motion on film, thereby
      taking precedence over aperture size. The shutter speed is set
       first and the aperture size matched to  it.
     Depth of Field is the standard term used to describe the image
     area that is sharp and clear in the finished picture. Depth of field
    can be predetermined and controlled by 1) the aperture you
      select in combination with 2) the point upon which you focus your
     camera lens. Broadly speaking, the smaller the aperture setting
       is (f 11,  f 16) the greater the depth of field will be (see photo D).
     Conversely, the larger the aperture setting is (f3'5, f2) the
      shallower the depth of field will be (see photo E).
     compatible XV lensesfeature a depth of field scale @ designed
      to help you predetermine the area which will be sharp at any
     aperture/focus setting. The example shows the camera focused
      at 30 feet with the lens aperture set at fB. By comparing the
      aoerture scale on the lens barrel with the distance scale on the
     focusing ring, you will observe that the selected aperture (f8)
     almost coincides with 15 feet at the left-hand side of the center
     index line, and infinity at the right-hand side, indicating that
                                                     and in                                                                  will be sharp                                        feet to infinity               from                  a little over 15      everything*'                                                      the focus                                By changing                                      setting.                  aperture/focus     focus             at this
      andlor the aperture setting, you change the depth of field.
     Making shutter priority exposures
    1-Compose your picture in the viewfinder @ and focus
      carefully on the.key element in your subject'
     2-Rotate the shutter speed knob @ until a speed capable of     \
      "freezing" subject action aligns with the index line @. NOrE.  lt is                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  II      not possible to set intermediate shutter speeds other than those
     marked on the dial and detented. Setting the dial between
      detents makes the shutter inoperable, So fine metering must be     I
     accomplished using full or half f-stop settings as follows.
    3-Look through the viewfinder. with metering switched "off"
      the meter needle will be in the center (null) position. Switch the
,    metenng system "On" by pulling the film advance lever @ into                                                may'      the "sta.idoff" position (see photo F). Alternatively, the film
        u;e fully aclvanced and the shutter cocked by winding the lever
       cournter-clockrvise as far as it will go. Watch needle movement.

www.butkus.us              the                meter       4-lt                         moves                                    upwar:ds                                                        into                                                  the                                                     over-exposure                     1e9dre        (+)           area,                   rotate                        the                          aperture                                       setiing                                                      io                                                                       f_stop                                                         i,i'arrer                     @                                           ling        I    setting.             The                  needre                                   wiil                                     fart progre.isiveiy;r                                                              size                                         ;p;;re       reduced. when the needre is c6ntered, the correct shutter/is       aperture               combination                                     is matched                                 and you                                               are                                                  ,eady                                                              to makerl    your           exposure.                     Conversely,                                                                   if the needie                                                             falls                                                               into                                                           the
       under-exposure (-) area, rotate the aperture setting ring to a
        larger f-stop setting. The needr" rrrt;,!; ;;"g;J.riti"rv u,
       aperture size is increased. Again, when tn" n"""Jr. is centered,
        the correct shutter/aperture c-ombination is matcn"o     you are                     you                                                  r exposu                                      The                                              re. N or E                                           ape rtu r"-r"tti"no                                                                                       n g  ri n g is       l?gy.to make.                                                                            ;       detented                     in full                        f-stops                          as marked.                                           Half                                           i-.topr-""n-#                                                           serected
      by aligning the ring/index mark midway between t_itop
      markings for maximum exposure accuracy.
    s-wth the needre accuratery centered, confirm that the firm is
     advanced and the shutter cocked. ne_cnecf< pi.jri"
      composition and focus, then depress the shutter reteise button       to complete your exposure.
   f   Refer to notes foilowing "Making aperture priority exposures,,     segment (next).
     Making aperture priority exposures
     1-Follow step 1 in preceding segment.
  i  2-Rotate                 the aperture setting ring @ untir the f-stop desired
      aligns with the inde.x rine @  . s6e re'ierence-        to intermediate (harf      tstop) settings in item 4iollowrng.
     3-Follow step 3 in preceding segment.
     4-lf the needre moves upwards into the over-exposure (+)      area, rotate the shutter speed knob                  @ to a rarieisetting. The      needle.will fail progressivery as shuttJr speed is incieaseo.
    when the needre is centered, the correct aperture/shutter
     combination is matched and you are ready to make your
     exposure. conversery,  if the needre fails intoil-r" rno"i;rposure
      (-) area, rotate the shutter speed knob to a srower setting. me     needle will ,se progressiveiy as shutter speed is oLcreaseo.
     Again, when the needre is centered, the coilect
     combination is matched and you are ready to"pii.]lrrhuttermate your   gxPosure.                                    '          . '        ,r,,
t:i                                                      )

-- t

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         I   CAUTION! Do not attempt to match the needle by setting the
     shutter speed knob between speeds marked on the dial. There              I
     are no intermediate speeds and this will adversely affect shutter
    operation. lf the needle cannot be accurately matched with
    marked shutter speed settings, use intermediate (half f-stop)
     aperture settings to adjust. Half f-stops are selected by aligning
     the index mark midway between the full f-stop markings on the
     aperture setting ring.    S-Follow step 5 in the preceding segment.                'I
    Notes common to both aperture and
    shutter priority operation                                                           h
                                                                                      11    1-lt is possible that, when the aperture or shutter has been set
    and the metering system switched "on j'the previous aperture (or
      shutter) setting is coincidentally correctforthe exposure aboutto      ill
    be made. In these circumstances the needle would already be
    centered, making a meter check advisable. To do this, simply
     point the camera at some contrasting light or dark area. See that
     metering is "on" then,  if the needle fails to move upwards or
    downwards, battery replacement is indicated.
   2-Under certain lighting conditions  it is not possible to center
     the meter needle by manipulating the aperture or shutter setting
     alone. In such cases, adjust either the aperture or shutter setting
     pre-selected until an acceptable match needle combination
      results.
   3-ln dim lighting situations outside of the XV-1's metering      sensitivity range, the meter needle will remain in the black (-)
     area at the bottom of the viewf inder scale, regardless of aperture
     setting or shutter speed. This indicates the need for flash or some
     other form of supplementary lighting.
    Self-timer puts you in the picture
    The self-timer has a delay of approximately 10 seconds, allowing
    you ample time to release the shutter and get into the picture
     yourself. To use the selftimer:
    1-Mount your XV-1 on a sturdy tripod, using the screw socket
     provided @
   2- Compose. the picture in the viewfinder, visualizing the
\',

www.butkus.us position you wish to assume in the finished picture. Advance the
  film.
 3-Push the self-timer lever            @ down from the vertical (off) position to the horizontal (on) position.
 4-Depress the shutter release button and assume your picture
 position within the 10 second timer cycle.
 S-The timer lever will return to its "off" position automatically,
 and should never be forced back once it has been set.
Time exposures
 To take r",'.t".,o
 XV-1 on a sturdy tripod and use a cable release with a locking
 device to actuate and hold the shutter open. your XV-1's shutter
 will handle exposures up to 1 second in duration. Exposures
 longer than 1 second should be handled as follows:
 1-Rotate the shutter speed knob in either direction until the "8"
on the dial aligns with the index line.
2-Screw the cable release into the top of the shutter release
 button, which is threaded for this purpose.
3-Determine the length of the exposure required to capture
 your subject and depress the cable release button to open the
 shutter, then lock it in place.
4-Measure the exposure time and release the cable locking
device to close the shutter.
Flash Photography
Your XV-1 camera is "X" synchronizedlor  flash photography at a
shutter speed of 1/125th second, or at any setting less than
1l125Ih second. To take flash pictures:
1-Rotate the shutter speed knob in either direction until the
1l125Ih second speed (contrasted in red on the dial) aligns with
the index line.
2-lnstall yourflash unit in the hot shoe @ which has built-in "X"
contacts, or use the "X" sync. PC cord socket @.
3-Follow the instructions/recommendations furnished with

your parttcular flash equtpment for correct aperture settings and
     properly balanced flash exposures

   Removing the film cassette
    When                                                                                                    it                  last                 frame           the                              of frlm                             has been                                  exposed                                                                        is necessary to *                          :     rewind                      rnto rts                  film            the                              To rewind                                              the                             cassette.                                          film:
     l-lnvert the camera and push in the film rewind button @ .      i
                                                                        in the direction    2-Fold out the film rewind crank @ and rewind
     indicated by the arrow.
   3-When no resistance  is felt and the crank turns freely, pull up    r
     on the crank untrlthe camera back snaps open. The film counter
        wrll automatrcally return to the "S" position when the camera back  ti      is opened                                                                                  fi
   4-Remove the film cassette for processing and rnsert a fresh
     cassette or fold down the crank, push in the crank and knob
    assembly and close the camera back for storage                                                                                            l
    NOTE. Never load or unload film in direct sunlight or under brtght
      artificral lightrng.
                                     3   Mounting/interchanging lenses
     Your Vivitar XV-1 accepts a wide selection of normal. wrde-angle, llII
     teleohoto and zoom lenses with bavonet mount To remove or
    mount a lens:
   LENS REMOVAL (facing camera front).                                                              ,
   1-Push the lens locking button @ firmly rnwards
   2-Hold the camera securely and rotate the lens barrel
     counter-clockwise approximately 65" at whrch pornt the lens can
    be removed.
   LENS MOUNTING (facing camera front)
    1-Match the red rndexing dot on the lens wrth the                                                                         t    corresponding red dot on the camera body Vrvrtar normal lenses T
     also feature a raised "fluorescent orange" lndexrng knob whrch
    can be aligned with the lens lockrng button by'touch. makrng  it
    easy to interchange lenses rn darkness
h-   to                                                                                                ;,1)

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2-Rotate the lens clockwrse untrl rt locks rnto place with an
 audible "clrck'

Take care of your camera
 . Never force any camera functron  lf rn doubt alwavs consult
 thrs manual
. Always remove the battery  if you plan on storrng the camera for
extended trme perrods. Leaking batterres can cause extenslve
damage to the camera's interior and should alwavs be rnspected
before rnstallatron
. Protecl lenses when not taking pictures by keeprng the lens
cap In place
. Keep your camera's interior clean and free from dust or drrt
partrcles. Use a soft brush or air blower and make a oolnt of
brushrng or blowing away from the shutter blades Use a soft
brush and,  lf necessary, lens cleaner and lens tissue to clean
camera lens
. Ke€F your camera away from direct sunlight or any other form
of excessrve heat
. Take care to protect your camera and related equtpment  f rom
morsture and humidity.
. Avord touchrng or handling the focal plane shutter curtarn





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Specifications
    camera Type: 35mm sLR with TTL match-needle metering
      system
     Film Format: 24mm x 36mm
     Fitm size and capacify: 35mm perforated film in12,20,24 and
      36 exposure cassettes
     Standard Lenses  I Minimum Focus Distance:
     50mm f2.O-0.5 m or 20"
     50mm  f 1.8-0.5 m or 20"
     50mm  f 1.7 VMC-0.5 m or 20"
     50mm  f 1.4 VMC-0.5 m or 20"
    I  40mm f2.5 VMC-0.6 m or 24"
     Lens Mount: Quick release bayonet mouht
     Lens Acce.ssory SZe: 49mm filter thread, 51 mm O'D'
     shutfer; copal FM-582 mechanical focal plane shutter, metal
         vertical travel type. Speed range from 1 second to 1/100Oth
       second plus "B ''(Bulb). Mechanical shutter release has cable
        release orovision.
      setf-Timer: Mechanical type with approximately 10 second
       delay
     Exposure Measuremenf system: TTL open aperture, center
       weighted average measurement uses two cds cells located
      '  onJonpentaprism.each Manualside of matchviewfinderneedleeyepiecesystembehindby selectionthe    of
        shutter speed and aperture adjustment.
     Exposure Range: EV 3 to EV 18 (ASA 100 at f1.4)
     Fitm speed Range: ASA 25 to ASA 1600 in 1/3 increments
    Power Suppty: one 1.35 volt Mercury battery (Eveready EPX
       675, Mallory PX-675, Ray-O-Vac RPX-675, Japanese
      HS-C/H-C tyPe or equivalent)
      Viewfinder; Fixed pentaprism type -1.0 diopter. 1:0'86X
        magnification at infinity with 50mm lens. 93% view of actual
        picture field. Ratios: horizontal 96%, vertical 947o'





          \,2I

www.butkus.us viewfinder Display lnformation: Bracket and needle display for
   proper exposure balance
 Focusing screen: Microprism center spot on mafie Fresnel
   screen
 Flash contacts: Hot shoe contacts and pc cord outlet "X"
   sync'd at lll21th second.
 Film Advance: single-stroke rapid film advance lever with
    built-in double exposure prevention and meter switching.
   shutter locked and meter'ioff" when lever is in closed positron.
 Film Loading: Easy load system. Six-slotted takeup spool.
 Exp_osure Counter: Progressive type-,,S" (Start) to ,,36."
   Counter automatically resets by opening back'cover.
   Contrasting (red) indications a[ ,,12," "2d," ,24" and "36"
   exposures.
 Tripod Sockef; On optical axis
Film Rewind: By rewind crank and button
Battery check: By meter needle at low shutter speed/wide
   aperture setting
Rear Cover: Hinged type with film reminder holder and
  DIN/ASA conversion chart attacheo.
 Dimensions (B_ody Onty): 135 mm (5.A2,) x gS mm (3.40,,) x
  48 mm (1.92")
V"iq!:tSpecifications(Approxsubject toBgdychangeOnty):450.gramswtthout notice.        (15.87 ounces)

Bedienungselemente
          Bildzdhlwerkro
         Filmtransporthebel mrt Ausldsesperre
         Ausloser
          Verschl uBzeitehernstel lrad
          Verschl uBzerten-   | ndexmarke                                                                                                                                                                        t        @ooo
        Zubehorschuh mrt X-Mittenkontakt
         Frlmebene-Bezugspunkt                                                                                                       I
               Fr lmempf    i nd   I ichkeits-Einstell rad
          Frlmruckspulknopf        @ooo
          FilmrUckspulkurbel
          Filmemofindl rchkeits-Einstellmarke    @o
         Synchronkabelansch       I uB-X-Kontakt,@
  @  Blendeneinstellring
  @  Blenden   / Entfernungs.Einstellmarke
  @  Schdrfentrefenskala
          Entfernungs-Ernstellring
        Osen fUr Tragriemen    @o
  @  Balonett-Entrregelung
  @  Selbstausloserhebel
  @ Sucher
  @  Filmtransoortwalze
  @  Geschlrtzte AufwrckelsPule                                                                                                                                                                            I
  @  Frlmandruckplatte
  @ VerschluBlamellen
  @ Frlmpatronenkammer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            l  @ Memohalter und DIN/ASA-Vergleichstabelle
  @  Ruc ks pulentsperrknopf
  @ Geratenummer
  @ Stairvgewtnde
     €a  tsatterrefachdeckel
\       14

sie haben gut gewahlt mit lhrer Vivrtar XV- 1 Refwww.butkus.uslex-Kamera . Dazu
 begluckwunschen wrr Sie und danken lhnen glerchzeitig fur lhr
  Vertrauen, das sre damit fur die produkte unseres Hauses
 zeigen. sre werden die schon als tradrtronell zu bezerchnende
  Qualitdt von Vivrtar-Produkten auch ber dreser lerchten und
 prdzrsen Kompaktkamera  vorfinden.
 Erst lesen, dann fotografieren-es macht sich bezahlt
 Naturilch wollen Sie jetzt gleich fotografreren Aber wrr
 empfehlen lhnen, vorher diese Bedienungsanlertung sorgfaltrg
 zu studreren Sie sollten die einzelnen Funktronen Jnd
 Einstellhandhabung kennen, bevor sie lhre Kamera mrt dem
 ersten Film laden und losziehen, um faszinrerende
 Fotomoglrchkeiten auszukundschaften. Die verhdltnrsmdBrg
 gennge Zert, die sie zum Lesen dieser Anleitung benotrge-n,
 verhilft Fehler zu vermeiden, erspart lhnen die E"nttauschung
 uber nrcht gelungene Aufnahmen durch erne Fehlbedrenun!
 Falten sre dre berden Umschragkrappen vorne und hrnten nach
 auBen so haben Sie es leichter, sich an den numenerten
 Abbrldungen der Kamera zu orientieren, auf dre rn den
 verschredenen Kaprteln der Anleitung hrngewresen wrrd
 lm Text und der Umschragkrappe hrnten frnden sre werrere
 Abbrldungen
Einsetzen der Batterie
 Das MeBsystem lhrer XV-1 Kamera wrrd durch erne 1.35 Volt
 Quecksrlberbatterre mrt Energre versorgt (z B Mallory px 625.
Eveready EPx 675 oder verglerchbare-) Zum Ernsetzen der
Batterre verfahren Sre brtte wre folgt
1  Mrt e'er Munze oder ernem dhnrrchen geergneten Ge
genstancl schratrben Sre den Batterrefachdeckel {  aur und
nenmen rhn ab
                   cire Batterre mrt dem pluspol(+ )nach unten rn das?  Legen sre
Battenetacfr Als Hrnwers rst zur Srcherhert der pluskontakt derKamera rnrt dent Zerchen .  erngravrerl
3  setzen sre cJen Decker wrecJer aul und schrauben rhn test zu

                                                                                                :    -                                                                         ^t:

4-Zum Batterietest stellen Sie (a.) die Belichtungszeit auf 1/30
      Sek. und die Blende auf den Maximalwert (kleinste Zahl), (b.)
       visieren Sie durch den Sucher eine hellbeleuchtete Fldche an
     und (c.) schalten Sie das MeBsystem ein. Die MeBnadel im
     Sucher muB jetzt von ihrer Mittenstellung (Null) deutlich nach
     oben schnellen, wenn die Batterie   f risch und richtig eingelegt ist.
      Tut sie es nicht, prufen Sie, ob die Batterie richtig eingelegt ist
     und wechseln Sie sie ggf. gegen eine frische aus.
     *Genaue                                                                                                                                      i_            Angaben uber die oben genannten Schritte werden im      weiteren Text gemacht.                                       I
     WICHTIG: Zur Sicherheit sollten Sie immer eine frische
      Reservebatterie mitfUhren, damit Fehlmessungen durch eine zu
     schwache oder verbrauchte Batterie vermieden werden.
    Filmeinlegen
   1-Um die Ausldsesperre am Ausloser @ aufzuheben,
       bet;itigen Sie den Filmtransporthebel @ soweit nach rechts, bis
      die die Ausldsesperre bewirkende Nase am Ende des Film-
     transporthebels den Ausloser freigibt. L6sen Sie anschlieBend
      aus, damit der VerschluB nicht mehr gespannt  ist.
    2-Klappen Sie die Filmruckspulkurbel @ aus und ziehen Sie
     den FilmrUckspulknopf @ nach oben, bis die Kameraruckwand
      aufspringt.
    3-Legen Sie die Filmpatrone in die Filmpatronenkammer @
    und drucken Sie den FilmrUckspulknopf  nieder, so daB das
      geschlitzte Ende in die Aussparung der Filmspule eingreift.
     Unter Umstdnden muB der FilmrUckspulknopf  leicht gedreht              I
     werden, bis er in die Filmspule eingreifen kann.
    4-Ziehen Sie den Filmanfang nach rechts heraus Uber die
     VerschluBlamellen @ und stecken ihn in einen der Schlitze der   1
                                                                                                     .     Aufwickelspule @
    5-Bewegen Sie den Filmtransporthebel @ langsam so weit,
      bis sich der Film um die Aufwickelspule gelegt hat und die
      Perforation an beiden Seiten sicher von den Zdhnen der
     Filmtransportwalze @ erfaBt wird.
    6-Mit der ausgeklappten FilmrUckspulkurbel drehen Sie
     anschlieBend vorsichtig in Pfeilrichtung bis der Film in der
ii.

Entfern u ngsei nstellu ng
   Um unter zwei verschiedenen Einstellhilfen wdhlen zu konnen,
     besitzt die XV-1 eine Einstellscheibe mit einem Mikroprismen-
     kreis in der Mitte, der von einem Mattscheibenring umgeben ist
     (siehe Abbildung A). DarUberhinaus bietet das gesamte
    Sucherbild die Moglichkeit einer exakten Entfernungseinstel-
    lung und der genauen Bildkomposition. Da das menschliche
    Auge jedoch nicht in der Lage ist, leichte Unschdrfen zu
    kompensieren,  sollte zur Entfernungsbestimmung
    moglichst immer der Mikroprismenkreis oder der
    Mattscheibenring benutzt werden.                                               L
     Einstellen mit dem Mikroprismenkreis
     Visieren Sie den bildwichtigsten Teil lhres Motivs mit der
     Mikroprismenfldiche an. Bei falscher Entfernungseinstellung
     flimmert das Motiv und ist undeutlich. Drehen Sie solange am
     Entfernungseinstellring  des Objektivs @, bis der Mikro-
     orismenkreis das Motiv klar und deutlich erkennen ltiBt'
     Einstellen mit dem Mattscheibenring
    Obwohl in den meisten Fdllen die Einstellung uber den
     Mikroprismenkreis  erfolgt, gibt es Bedingungen, die eine
    Fokussierung uber den Mattscheibenring ratsam erscheinen
     lassen. Visieren Sie dann mit dem Mattscheibenring ein
    wichtiges Teil des Motivs an. Drehen Sie den Entfernungsein-
      stellring des Objektivs solange, bis Sie das Motiv im Mattschei-
    benring scharf und klar sehen.
   Kamerahaltung                                           II
     Eine sichere und ruhige Kamerahaltung geht Hand in Hand mit                                 I
    guten Aufnahmeergebnissen. Die richtige waagerechte und                     I-t:
     senkrechte Kamerahaltung wird in den Abbildungen"B" und "C"     r
    der hinteren Umschlagseite dargestellt.                                                              i'"
                                                 empfiehlt                                       1/30 Sek.                                      als                  Belichtungszeiten     Bei ldngeren                                                            sich die   -i'                                                 sichere Kame-                                           eine                                    oder                         stabilen Stativs                 eines    Verwendung
     raauflage, um verwackelte Aufnahmen zu vermeiden,


k-'  ,r'.

MeB- und Belichtu n gsaf ternativenwww.butkus.us  Blenden- oder Zeitvorwahl       -
  Die Belichtunosmessung der XV-1 erforgt bei uott g"ott*t",
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     i c                                                                                  ht u n                                  q,.te    |  | e n d e r Ber                                                     s                            l. q"9   erfolgt,3j:j::,:i9,indem:'i.ll,i?ldie Nader?"i" oes                          dii;tungsmessers                                                             in                                                     die                                                                 Mitte
  p,e^ljlzeigeferdes gebracht wiro isienE Aolirorisy. oiese
  trnstettung kann auf zwei verschiedene Arten ertoi6en:  1) durch Vorwahr                 der objektivbrenJe                                 ,;d                                       v;*.i!'X,ng                                                      0",  VerschluBzeil               (Brendenvorwahr)                                     durchVonvahr                              oder 2)                                                             einer
  b-estimmten VerschruBzeit und Veranderung der gi"no"  (Zeitvonruahl).
  Die Blendenvorwah.rwird angewandt, wenn ein gewunschter  schdrfentiefenbereich                          Vorrarig                                uoi                                              d",, VerschruBzeit                                              haben soll. (Beachten             Sie dazu auch                                o asior                           genoe                                              rapiiel;;bJbrt"ntiefe,,).
  Hierbei  ist zuerst die Brende einiusterten und dazu die Zeit zu  ermitteln.
 Um die schneile Bewegung eines objektes "einzufrieren,,, wird die Zeitvorwahl angewlndl, da die schnelle VerschluBzeit hierbei         Y.otl?ng voider scnartentilt" n"b"n muB. Es ist arso
 zuerst die VerschluBzeit einzusteilen und dazu die Brende zu ermitteln.
 ScHARFENT:EFE nennt man den Bereich vor und hinter der
 erngestellten Entfernung, innerhalb der oas aitd scnart
 erscheint. schairfentiefe kann vorbestimri rno xoniiorriert
 werden 1) durch die gew:ihrte Brende in Kombh"tion mrI2) der eingestellten Entfern[ng. Allgemein g".rgt wird der
 Schzirfentiefebereictr y,iso f"f"in"1 je mehr man die Blende
offnet (Blende 3,5; 2) (siehe Abbildung   y1O_umso gr6Ber, jemenr    man die Brende schlieBt (Btende"11,'16).!)                                                                                                                                                                                  ' v/" iSi"n.\vrvr   rs Aobitdung- D).
Durch eine schairfentiefeskarq            @ auf den kompatibren
XV-objekriven haben, Sie ore N/igrithkeit, o"n ,ing"fanr.n
schdrfebereich abzuresen. oas-deispier zeigt die Kamera
eingestellt auf eine Entfernung uon to Meter bei einer Brende g.Um den         schrirfentiefebereich"zu                                     ermitteln, brauchen sie nur riieden    beiden           Zahlen ,,g" der Scnaitentiefeskala
gegenuberliegenden Entfernungswerte abzuresen. Auf der
linken Seite ist dies ca. S Meter,?uf der rechterr unendlich. Der
                                  1s1