Voigtlander Tourist User manual

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  The next operation is to pull the Urfront 6 (fig.3)
out by means of the finger grips 8, see iig.2. The
pressure on the finger'grips musi be retained until the
pointer t0 (fig. 3) is on the infinit)' mark' (oo) on the
focussing scale. Take particular care in doing this,
otherrvisc the pictures will not be sharp, owing to the
lensjbeing out of placg. Let go the two grips; the camera
is now in fqcus for "infinity".





                    Fis.Z      Z
Focrrssing
   For focussing objects at nearer distances, turn  the
Iock lever 7 (fig. 2) and the rack and pinion can be,
put into action.
  The scale fitted to the baseboard is enqraved in feet
and shows the correct position of the froit for objects
at eertain distances. For critical focussing  it is advisableto use the focussing screen.
   InIn anvany casecase afterafter-thethe corrcorrect focus has been obtained
al_ways'avs lock_lock thethe leverlever 77 toto preventnrevent thethe frontfront  slipping.
This particular lever .is of unique construction and will
engagg in .any position, only-note that it  is pushed
right home.
  To use the double extension disengage lever 9 (fig.3).
This lever automatically forms the Tniinity stop'ifr ids
normal position, pointing to the right. To diiengage

turn it to the left. Now pull out the fro.nt completely
to   . the end of the  catiages 6nd proceed to focus as
before described.
   The focussing screen is prbvided with a protecting
hood to cut off light from outside. A small catch keepi
the flap of the hood in position. It is readilv erected
(fig. a).





                                                          16


                                                          15

                                                        t4
                                                        t3

                                                            I2
        8 9       10 11
                                        Fig. 3
   In case the focussing screen should get broken take
particular care to remove all splinters of glass from in,
side the camera. The screen frame is taken in both
hands with the screen turned to oneself. and bv means
of the thumbs the biis of the broken screen are pushed
away to the open side of the frame. A new focussing
screen is easily inserted as illustrated in fig. 5.
   The focussing screen has a smooth side and a grained
side (matt). This is the side which should alwayi point

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towards the lens. In extreme cases rvhen no, new glass
can be obtained an ordinary unexposed photogralphic
plate will serve temporaril5r very ,ryell for the purpose.
Also, here, see that the emulsion side faces the lens.





   Always see that the corners of the glass screen
slightly cut away to allow the air to escape out of
bellows when closing the camera.



                                                                                                                        Digitally signed by mike butkus                 mike              DN: cn=mike butkus,
                                                                                             o=orphancameras, ou=29,
                                                                                                 email=mike@butkus.org, c=US
                                                                                                         Date: 2019.02.27 19:32:27 -05'00'                  butkus

I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           I
Iris Diaphragrrl                                                                                                                                                                                        I
   tlh"'I'he iris_i.i"_           diaphragmdiaphragm                      playsplays                                                     sharpsharp                       anan                                 irnportantirnportant                                         partpart                                                 inin                                                                                                                                                                                             Itocus,sing.^                is operated                                            and                                 levef 19 (figs.              It                          thp                                6                   by                                                                                          7 )                                                                                                                                                                                              Iattached to the shutter and allows the aperture of thelens 'to be reduced as required. With- the Compurshutter B the lever 19 shows the apertures  (i. e. stops)          i
onon aa scalescale (fig.6),(tig.6), whilstwhilst withwith thethe CompCompur shutter A the          Iapertureaperture isis indicatedindicated byby thethe pointerpointer 2l2l (fig.7)(fig.7) movingmoving                                                                                                                                                        J'on the upper cdge of the shutter..
  - flhe chief purpose of the stop is to extend the depthof focus, which question is dealt with at qreater lengtli in
the section "Depth of F'ocus". It is also" used whe"n the
lens is moved up or down or to one side or the other
from its central iosition.  lt then improves the sharpnessof definition at the edge of the field which is thu3 dis,
placed.  ' 'fhe third use of the stop, but one seldonrly
needed, is for stopping down in very bright light so as
to avoid overexposure of the plate. This is done if the
speed of the shutter is not sufficient to cut down the
exposure to the required time. By stopping' down to
obtain greater depth of focus, a longcr cxposrrre is
always required, so that in many cases there are limits
to the extent to which this can be done.             .*
Deptlr of Focus
  The lenses fitted to our cameras are designed to give
at full aperture a picture (sharp to the edges) of an ob,
ject lying in the plane which is focussed on. But when it
is required to obtain sharp definition, in the one nega,
tive, of objects at different distances from the camera,
the "depth of focus" needs to extend over a number of
planes in the object space so the lens must be stopped
down. This applies to all lenses.
  When focussing on a given distance each lens apev
                                                           focus,
which becomes greater as the lens is stopped down. The
aim of the photographer is to adjust the stop and the
distancedistance focusscdfocusscd onon soso thatthat asas muchmuch asas possoossible of the
subject falls rvithin this range (or region) of depth of
focus.

A glance on the ground glass will show that, when
stopping down, the depth of focus extends far less
torvards the camera than towards the extreme distance.
F'or this reason focussing is done, at the outset, on ob,
jects which are relatively near. This applies also when
there is little scopc for siopping down oir^ account of the              !
light o_r mov-ement of the subject, sincc an unsharp forcz
ground conflicts with the natural sensation expeiienced
by our eyes, which are accustomed to perceive a near                                                                       I
object more clearly than one a long way off.
                                                        the - The accompanying tables show appioximatelydistribution of deftliof focus: they gii,e the depih of
focus (in feet and inchcs) when focussing on riarious
distanccs and using various stops.                                   fu|<rr   -_,
Cornpur-Shutler B u/ilh  Self -Tirrer     (f ig.6)
  The outer rim of the shuttcr is surrounded bv-expt.r,thcring 20. \e-ar the engraved letters f  (long timesures)_and B (sholt time exposures) the ring is marlied
with the instantaneous speeds from I to ligso (or t/rou) sec.
For the sake of greater tlearness the speeds are wfitten
as rvhole numbers (2 dcnotes 1/r Scrc. and so on).                                    i.*
   lnstantaneous Exposures: 'l'he ring 20 is turncd                                  Iso as to bring the requircd speed opposite the index                                  I
line to be seen over the name "Voigtiiinder". Over the
                                               1/roo sec., an exposure canrange of speeds from I sec. to
be given at any point  i. e. between any two speed mar,
kings. Thus between 1/so and tlno, an exposure oI tlzu
may be given. But this can not be done between 1/roo sec.
and the highest speed (t/ruo or 1/roo sec.), nor between B
and I sec.
  The shutter is set by pressing the lever 22 to the
right (as vicwed from the front) until it distinctly clicks.
For the highest speed (t/r6s sec.) the shutter must be
set for speed before operating trigger 22, as it is diffi,cult to effect the speed setting after the shutter has
been tensioned for opcration.
  The shutter is norv ready for the cxposure and may
be released either by pressing with the finger on th-e
trigger 18 or by operating the flexiblc cable release
screwed into 17.
                              l0
                                                                                                         '  ,;!er    rl ,.i                                                                                                                          iI

W        www.butkus.us                                 --l    Tipe Exposures:es: F'orF'or shortshort ancland longlong timctirnc cxposjcxposj urcs thc shuttcr isi                                                                                                                                                                                                         I                                    ct'rfirr-lvntircll' automatioertfnnrnfir.   and'qr..I  r.,.r...^^"^'^-+I.,conscqueirtly                                  -e the lever 22 is locked and no attempt must be madl              I
 to use this lever for Such exposures-. If the letter B
 is put oppositc thc indcx linc, thc shuttcr ot)cns olr
 prcssurc on the flc-xilrlc cablc or lcr-cr lfJ and'remains
 opcn as long as prcssur"c is maintaincd. 'l'hc cxnosurc
 rnav hc timcd bv cru'tirrg.  'I'hus for thrcc ,"",r,ldr. .r" rcpcat... clc.arlv but  rvithout  rllr\.                                  '"thrccpausirrg: "onc littlc sccond", "two  littlc  scct)nds",             littlc  scconds',.





 'l'hc.r'clcasc  is. plcsse d on the "{)r}c", arrl pressure r.elaxcd
at thc end of "threc little scconds".
     Ill' sctting thc levcr 7' oppositc thc line, thc shuttcr
is ,pcncd by thc first prcsiure a'd remains opcn u'tila sccon,l prcssurc is givcn. lfhis is thc scttinf to bcuscd rvhc'r focussing ,n thc frcussirg screcn arr?l rvhc'makirg vcr' bng .xposrrrcs rlr cxprsurcs hr, frashlight.
  The Self,timer: 'I'o takc onc's own portrait or in,cludc oncsclf in a group or landscapc, 'thc shutter isfirst sct rvith thc trigcci 22 as alrcadv'clcscriboJ. 'Ihe
br-rtton 21 is thc' movcd alo'g thc rim  i' thc directio'
of the arrow, and theJ-iigg"{ 22'can now he operated again
to set the sel[,timer. When thus set, the shutfer is releised
irr the usual u.ay b1' prcssing the triggcr 18 or the cable

                               11

release. lJut thc shuttcr rlocs not opcratc until  thcr
                                                                                  for. cxpiration of about l2 scc., thcn givilrg'ofthe exposurc u'hich it has bccn sct. 'fhc inteival         ll sci. perrnits
 thc opcrator to take his place in thc group,'the    ,rr gct readr'. The self,timer may be used for all    marked instan,
 taneolls speeds except the highest (rl15o or ti26e sec.).
    Follorving the cxposurc, thc shutter rctuin.s to thc
 condition for ordinarv usc. so that the spccial adjust,
ment dcscribcd abovc must bc madc for each cxposure
 rvith thc sclf,timcr.

            20
            t7                                  2r
                                 -22





             18
            t9
                                      Fie.7
Cornpur-Slrutter A (fig. 7)
   SnaprEvposures: This clockwork shutter 61ives in,
stantaneous exposures as short oS l,',i,,,tlt scc. (11r,.,nth sec.).
First of all see that dial 23 is on M (or l).  'lhen thc
shuttcr mav be set by prcssing dorvn the li.r-cr  ll  until
1'ou feel a distinct cliik. Norv'iurn thc ribbcci clisc 20 in
the direction of the arr<;lv (not the othcr *'ar'. othcrrvisc
thc shrrttcr mav bc  irr jure d), so that thc rcquir.cd tirnc
comcs ovcr the rrick in thc underlYing disc. C)n account
of thc snrall availahlc spacc, ttrc timcis nrc lrot shorr'rr as
fractions of a sccond but as rvholc numbcrs, 10 denotin{
r/1sth sec., 25,  tlrott'' sec., ancl so on.  l'he shutter is norv

                              T2                   i:-l

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$r-       rcadv for the exposure,w-and may be operated either by
       presiurc on the rvirerrel,ease, which is screrved into
         i-tozzlc 17, or on fingerrrelease 18.
         TimerExposures: The shutter is entirely- automatic
        for timc and brief exposurcs and consequently ,lever 22
         is locked and uo attempt must be made to use this lever
       for such exposures.
                                                                       five            !-or time^exposures of short duration, say -up tl       seconds, place-the dial 23 on D (or-B). The shutter
       opens by^pressure on wire or fingerrrelease and remains
        o'p"n .o iottg at this pressure is m-aintained. Directly the
       piessur" is"released- the shutter closes and completes
       the exposure.
          Set dial 23 on Z (or T). Exposurc is made either by
       pressure on wirerrelease,,  or on fingerrrelease. Thc
        shutter remains open until the second pressurc is given
      when the leaves close.
     E>rposure
        Thc right exposure, rvhich i-s the most essential factor
        in photogiaphy, depends on three points:
            L Aperture of the iris  diaphragm.
                    2. Speed of the plate.
         "{F,        3. Value'of the actinic  light.
      We supply with each camera an exposure calculator,
         rvith which the time of exposure may be quickly and
        casily asccrtained.
      Finclers
        The Voigldnder Tourist camera is fitted with two
        different kinds of finder, which are used as follows:
           Direct,vision Finder. This consists of a wire frame 15
           (fig. 3) attachcd to the right,hand side of the lens,front
         (uii:wi:d from the front) and an eye,piece 1(r placed on
        the rightrhand long side of the camera,body. When_ not
       in us6, the wirerframe encloses the lens panel. It  is       brought into the working position by turning it outwards
       through an angle of 1800 and is then held in position by

                                     13

h-inge,hinge, andand      il:i:.g^..rurif:,r1.!^.].tor use,uDrr, fh:--"13fiecersis.rneturncdLurilcoc)'epreceupup pararrelparallcrhashas likewisclrkcniscwttlllritrr a.springa-springthcthc rvirerframe.rviie,froii".                                                                 InI,                         ioirect                                         pa.rt of                                             t[;,rbj;.1,'TiiJ'     m.y:t:,9.:.. J:be placcd-tl^"]:9"so                         Jh.?tbat                           thc ouilines                                       of                                            thc irj-"'"oii"io""y"     rvith the mask of thc c5'c,picce.
      The direct,vision fi.der^shows the bourclarics of thc     picturc rvith grcat accur_acy cven rvhcn th; ;i;l;;  Ji tut,     Irng mo\remcnt of the lcns is uscd. The onlv'casc in     I     *'hich it docs not do so is that of ,;;t   ;;;i   oili".t",    owing                  unavoidable-           to thc-                               greater                                           diffcrcricc                                                       t,"i*""i,                                                            tn"                                                               I     posltlonsitions             ofot lenslens                 andand finderfinder                                   rclativclyrclativcly                                         toto thethe                                      A                                                   subjcct.;;bt""i.'A                          js that the camerd i.-r,"a;t'ih;'"y.wJ!    l:ll"l*91f1tisgthereby c"onducing to bctic" perspective in most      !e_r'el,    cases. For these reasons-it is well to use tfr" airectrvisiISIOI}    finder whenever possiblc.
        Brilliant Finder.                   --When takinq pictures at the lcvel    of the-chcst, thc triiliant fi'dcr t-riie. ijl;   ;;";;;,i  the                         fo.r u.priqht                                  picturct'                                            utia                                                aftcr                                                      tur'ing      ltl'i:.ilrnrougLt tt3ilpl                         tor,ohlong                                       picturcs.                                                     picturc                                    Thc                                                                                         is                   l rlght-angle-          from thc normal                           vicwing                                     distarcc                                                                    r0                                                           lr,rrt    'ic*'cdi'chcs, taking^care                          to.-placc                             thc Lye                                            directlv'ut'o"""i                                                                                 trr"
    ccntrc of thc findcr. Thc mask on thc t'p of in" ri"a""    is spccially designed to show both the up.igrri urur ou,    long pictures.
     .  The gy.itg s_mall but^ bright picturc in the findcr can   he magnificd three or four'timcs hv fitting t"--u Fi"a",
               (scc-"IIseful Accessories"- at end-of lhit.-t,oot,    lvlagnitier    lgt). ljetorc closing the camera the brilla't finder must    itlwavs\,s beber,v rrrinin  iitsr r!' rrvrnormal.,positionrrr4r                                                       -lrr.,Jr rrurr (forf rur _uprightuprlgnt  plctures,),pi"t,rr"rj,   othcrwisc the camera will l;e damagea       .iorins  it.                                         "'ntn                $
  A lirrre a<rvice onffirf;;Konre carnera
                            hand,camera                        thc                     field of                                               making                                                is                                           in    . Th9 proper                                                    I   instantaneous                 exposures                                      subiccts                           of                                 livi'g                                      and                                                                    fea?                                               thus   turing them in unconstrained natur.alness. such i'ter,               are constantly                          mct                                whcn going    c.sting -suhjects   about         but arc rendered                             in picturcs                                    .nlv-rvith_*hen
   are made without a lot bf consideration. OU"iousiy"*o"rur",
   some aptitude and, especiallv, a certain amount of prac,   tice ate called for. It is therefore well to become
                              14


-A

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         tho_roughly familiar with the method of working when
       making the exposurcs in thc hand.    \Mith the-camcra                                              - distance, take up a        lpencd and focussed on the correct        firm position since any slight wobble of the camera
        during the exposure will result in pictures with doubled
         outlines. When taking upright piclures, the base,board
           is hcld with the left hand, thc thumb on top and the fourI         fingers underne,ath, whilst for oblong pictures the tip of
             tl-re thumb is allorved to rest on the upper edgc of-the t        l'rascboard and the four fingers on the lowcr edge. When
        lvorking with the directrvision finder, cxtra security  is
        obtained by pressing thc back of the camera against"the
       head. In the case of an upright picture the view is thcn
       scen through the sight with thc left evc, the right eye
        being covered by the camcra. Whcn u.sing the brilliaht
         finder, thc camera is hcld at the lcvcl of the chest. the
       back being supported against the hody.
        The right hand is then at libcrty for focussing and
        opcration of the shutter. The best way to expose is withI     a flexible cable held in a wide curve. but the shuttcr
       must ahval's bc rclcascd carefully    never with a jcrk.          If onc stands perfcctly  still and holds-   the breath rvhilst
       making the exposure,lf  zs of a second may easilv be given
          rvith thc camera hcld irr the hand. Exposurcs for longer
        times will not be successful unless thC camera is firrilv
       placcd on a post, back of a chair, the knee or other
        solid support.
          For subjects which allow time for preparation before,I      hand and rvhich require longer exposures, a firm tripod
I      shouldselectionbcofuscdthe subjectwh-enevermayfossibli.thcn beFocussingcarefully doneand'theon
        the ground glass screen. The camera is thus stcady and
t      tofirmomitduringattcntionthe exposure,to detailsandthanalsowhcnthereusinqis lessthcliklihoodcamera
         in thc hand. For use on a tripod, the camera is provided
         rvith two bushes for the tripod screw, onc foi upright
      and the other for oblong pictures. When first scr-ewing
        to thc tripod, makc certain that the tripod screw is not
       too long for the bush, otherwise the thrcad is easilv
       damaged. If the screw' on the tripod is too long it must
      bc shortened or a little packing fitted.
                                       I5

Rise and FaII of Lens
   In order to avoid "drutrken lines" in architectural and
similar subjects, care must be givcn to see that thc
gloundzglass is upright,but in this position of the camera,
Ioo rnuch foreground is included as a rule. To reduce the
amount of foreground, the lcns is raised in its front.
This applies when using the camera in the horizontal or
vertical position. The millcd knob 5 (fig. 3) controls the
rising and drop front. For horizontal views the sliding
fronf is operated by the smaller knob 4, combined rvith
knob 5 on the right hand top of 1tre [Jofront. The follo,
wing table gives the grcatest possible movement in the
different models:
          srzc             ho rizontal          nse                    fall
    3t1r" y2rlztl             "lts                                                                                  3l a"               1l+
      4LI4tt x3rl4,'                  1t-t2 tl                                                       qL,"/ 16                 "t8
      5ri"tt X-3rlztl            tlz"                  1l/ro"                 5/e
   Again it is pointed out that the more rise the more
the decentration of thc lcn- (f h,. rnorc tl-rc iris diaphragni
has to be stopped down).  The normal position of the front is indicated bt'
markings and the front should always be in central
position hefore closing thc camera.
Changing  of lenses
  The Voigtlzindcr Tourist camera is fittcd with remo,
vable shutters, which makes it far easier for r,vork in
manv cases and gives a wider field of use.
  The interior of the camera is much more easilv
cleaned rvhen the shutter is taken off as also is the back
component of the lens, if the shutter is removable.
  The exchange of the separate components of the
normal lens foi those of the TclerDynar is more easily
effected rn'hen thc shutter is removed than in the camera,
also the back lens may for any special exposure be much
mole easily unscrewed whcn the shutter is removed and
for example be rescrerved into the front mount.

                             L6

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          Not to mention the fact that lenses of lower lumino,
         sity and longer focus may be resorted to in the same
       camera and also the JslszDynar with shutter may be
       put in place of the original lens without changing the
          single_ components.
           All  these are advantages, which the experienced        amateur, if he works enthusiastically with hi6 camera,rl        esteems. The handling of the arrangement is as follows:
         The lever 2 (fig.3) is held in iti normal position bv                                        -To                                                                  unloci<           a- spring, which Aeeps the shutter in place.
         this device, the levcr 2 must be pressed down, when it
           is possible to turn the shutter to the left. This movement
        of the shutter should only                                          -itselfbe very small. The shutter         (*'ith lens) then Ioosens       auiomaticallr- from thc
         Icns; panelpanel andand mavmav bebe takentaken out.out.
             'l'heThe replacingrcplacing otof thethc shuttershutter is carried out in the        oppositeopposite manner.qanlel. TheThe shuttershutter isis putput inin place,place, turnedturned
        gently to the left (the shutter may be turnedturned toto thethe leftleft
         at the most at an angle of 24o appi.oximatelv) in the lens
            p.?.neJ, pressed firm a little and-then turned to the right              till the locking lt:vcr 2 snaps into the lens panel, respebti,
       vely till the proper position of the shutter' is made
      known bV e perceptihle stop. The shutter must then       be ahsolutely firm on the lens panel and it should he        impossible tb turn it in any diiection.
       Heliar
         The Heliar is a non,symmetrical objective and in the
        usual way the single components cannot be used in the
        s-am9 w-a,y as th-e Collinear. The only purpose for which
        the back lens of the Heliar can be used, b^eino a concen,
        tration lens, ,is for magnifying small objects.        Remove the front component of the Heliar, extend
       the camera front to its limit, double extension, then
      move v'ith your camera towards the object until it is in
          focus. _ Stop the diaphragm down and do the final          critical focussing by moving the camera.
ti        To arrive ai ttr6 approximate exposure, measure thc       diaphragm opening and-divide bv thb camera extension.
              If the size of the image given with the back lens of
       thc Hcliar is not of sufficient dimensions. remove the

                                     17

back component and screw same into the front. [3y so
doing you are adding approximately 11l+" to the camera
extension, and in that case very often the distance from
thc object to be taken and camera is only a matter of
an inch or two, therefore it has to be very carefully
focussed.
TIre Colltnear Anasttgrnat wKu'vs
   The Collinear is a double Anastigm at and each single
component can bc used as a separate lens lvith success.
Each componcnt is approximately double the focal
lcngth of the combined lens.
  We advise the use of the single component at the
back of the shutter and in that position it forms a
useful lens for landscape and portraiture.
   Focussing must in every case be done hy means of
the focussing screen, as naturally thc single component                     I
having the double focal length, the depth of focus is                  r
considerahlv reduced.                                                                              f  The cxtension of the camera is of sufficient length
to allow for "closerups". fn cases where small subjeits
very close to the camera havc to be taken then proceed                                                        Iffiito use the single front lens.
    It must be undcrstood that with the increased focal                                                                      '
length the exposure must be considerably prolonged.                                   IThe exposure is approximately four times that of the                          I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Idouble lens. Also, thc table for depth of focus which is                          Igiven in thc book does nof apply to the single lens.   Generally the focussing screcn u'ill be the best guide       ,r.t
                                                                                                                                                              Iin this case.                                                                                                                    {  The sinqle components are onlv used as such in cases
of distant" landscipes or huildings rvhen one cannot
approach near cnough to get a proportionate size image,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 tfI,lIor as before mcntioncd a better pcrspective is obtained
with the single component, as onc can go farther awav
from the subjcct and a more plcasing result is obtaincd.
Irnportanl  Noltce-  Ctosing lhe Carrera
   Beforc closing the camera. Every part of the camera
has to be in its normal position.

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       1. See that the BRILLIANT FINDER IS IN PO,
     SITION as used for vertical pictures.
      2. See that the RISING AND UROSS FRONT IS
     CENTRAL.
        -J. See that the FRAME FINDER IS IN  ITS
    TURNED DO\MN PLACE.
    4. See that thc CAMERA ITXTENSION IS RIGHT
     I{OME and the RACK AND PINION ADJUST'
    MENT IS LOCKED.
    5. Seo that the U FRONT IS RIGHT HOME IN
     TIIE BODY of the camera.
   Proceed now to press the two struts downwards, and
tht: base,board can be closcd.  The brilliant finder
collapses automatically.
   'Ihese operati<-rus should be performed carefully in
succession andand notnot hastily.hastilv.
    It is advisableisable toto pushpush ththe front home gently to allow
the air to escape from the bellows. lf tfie foids of the
bellows should bv accident become blown out, first
smooth them out.
      lf sufficicnt attention is paid to the aforementioned
points the life of the camera will be increased. NEVER
 I TSE FORCE.
Loadlng the l)ark  slides
  The loading of the slidc takes place in the darkuroom
or in a fully darkened place. Eacli time before using, all
dust should be taken out of the interior of thc slide and
out of the velvet, as every speck of dust lying on the
plate during exposure causes clear glass spots on the
negative.
    Irr the shadow of the ruby lamp a plate is now taken
out of thc box. This is also carefully dusted (with the
ball of the hand or a clean brush) without touching the
cmulsion with the fingers. The slidc is then taken
between thc thumb and thc other fingers of the left hand
in such a manner that the opcn side faces thc ruby light.
(Velvet to the top.)
   \Mith the right hand the long sides of the plate are
gripped (cmulsion facing the palm of thc hand) and the

                             19

plate is placed in the groove at the bottorn. (Emulsio'
 to the lront.)- The right thumb lifts the catch, io be seen
 under the velvct strip. As soon as the plate is in posiz tion against the back of the slidc, th6 catch     b" rcturned to its ordinary position and the plate is"ui,then he-ld firmly. When closing the slide,              be taken to see that the shutter runs correctlv"ui  in"t.rtathe two side gror-rves and that it is thrust far enoirsh into the
 groove on the lower narrow side. It must 5e perfectly
 Ilat: a shutter which is buckled or bent -"y  gi"!-rir"-  tu diff-i:ulty.in closing and may scratch the"pfrt"s.
   The slides have springs on the interior of the back bymeans of which t4" plates are pressed against th; catches. The plate lies strictly in the focal p"larre u,hen
 the springs fulfill this purpose. To avrid 6lurred pic, tures it is therefore advisable    especially rvith slides   to lift the springs a little.-                    'elv       -            of                     diark-slides                             should                                   only                                be done               .the sh-o-rtly, L,oad,ing        bcfore                camera              the                                used.                                 is to be                                                         advi,                                                     It is nottXbl: to leave plates in the dark slide. for u"y i."gtf,ot time. chemical action takes place and the iensitivematerial suffers.
     If the camera is not to be used for a time, remove the
plates from. the.plate holders and store tht ihi;  hold"",with the sheath entirely withdrawn. 'Ihi; allorvs thcv-elvet, which forms- the iight trap, to rise, and the dark                         t'-tttslideslvillbeabsolutelyiecu.e^againstiig}'t.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                      IInserling  flre Dark stides                                                                                                        ,r'
   Slip back the^                bolt                         top and                                      pull                                       out the                        9^n the                                             ^darkrifiaefocussingrscr_eenrocusslngrscreen"                                 (fig.(trg.                 rra_meframe                          U).8). Insertlnsert                                             darkzslide                                         thethe                                                                                                                                                                         ri"      t
rts ptace wrth the shutter turrred towards the lens. No w
turn the catch back again, and, after making sure that
the. lens is not_ open, full out the shutter oF the dark,                                 fslrde, the catch preventing the dark,slide itself frombeing shifted.
    It is a mistake to pull out the shutter only so far that                               Iltt_!- just uncovers the-plate-.and remains in tde lightrtrap.
The shutter should be pulled right out. The reZson for         {
this is that the light,tiap form"ed by the plush on the                   i
                           20                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,t

www.butkus.us
 camcra apaillst that lct in to the dzrrk,slide is much more
 pcrfcct t[an that bets'cerr  thc shuttcr and thc plush on
 thc caincre.





A feuz poinls of advice for lhe use of
  Colour plales
   C<tlour platcs arc insc:rtccl  rvith thc scnsitive sidc
 it\\'ilv from thc Irrns, glass sirlc to*'ards the lcns, and the
black card supplicd ivith thc colour plate has to be left()n its scnsitivc sidc. 'l'his  g()es torvards the darkslide back.
   T,t compcnsatc for  this   clif  f crcnce of     f oc:us tht:
{r.undzglass must be rvithdrarvn and ir-rscrted elass,side
tou'ards thc lcns. I.'ttcussing has to bc rlttnc-- br., thc
{rrurrtlzglirss;  orrlr'. irrrd rrot bv thc scnlc. l;or irll c".,1.,ur,
lllatcs of c()ursc rr sl)('ciill  f iltr.r  i:, r.equirctl. s lrich is
suppliccl bv thc lcspcctivc rtritkt.rs.
Sundr5r Hinls
   ln tinrc thc instrumcnt  *'ill irccurnulate dust rvhich
naturallv  s'ill  aclhcre to the lcns. This is  casilv re,

                                 21

$
                                                                                                                                                              I
moved with a clean handkcrchief which has already         'Fbeen through the wash and has no dressing in it.                                                                                      l
   In colder climates the change of temperature between
outdoor and indoor is considerable and verv often results             I
in the steaming of the lens. It is best then to wait untilthe moisture has apparcntly disappcared from the lens              j
and then proceed to wipe lightly with the handkerchicf.
In very bad cases it may happen that also the innersurfaces of the lenses mav colleot moisturc. Then care,                 ft1fully unscrew the two halies of the lens from the shutter.
  On no account must any attempt be made to unscrerv    +
the separate parts of the front and rear lens elemcnts
for it is beyond the skill of evcn an cxperienced ama,
teur to put thcm together again so pcrfeotly as to
rcstore their original optical quality. Anyone who tries
thc cxperiment in disregard of this caution will discover
to his chagrin thc cxtremc prccision with which thc
assemblage of a lens of this kind is d<tne.
  Verv oftcn dust collects between the folds of the
bellows-. A good camel hair brush will remove all this                                                                                                                      ftdirt. This is best done by removing the focussing screen
and the shutter, and then applying the brush to the            1!
iriside of the bellows. By blowing at the same timethrough the opening in the lens panel, the dust is          I
rcadily dislodged, cspecially if the outside of thc hcllows
be simultaneously tapped gcntly with the finger.
                                u)A Last Word           BdKuS-
  We all realisc that every packet of plates contains a
dozen possible pictures. 'fhe art consists in knowinghow to produce them. If you know when and why t<r      fuse the full aperture and when to stop down, when to
expose for a longer or shorter time, you will get manymore good ncgatives from a dozen plates than people     *
u,ho just press the button and think the camera will look
after everything. It is of course beyond the scope of
these instructions to offcr a general guidc to photo,
graphy, but, as we want evcry user of a Voigtldnder
camera to obtain the best from his instument, we
recommend you to study an elementary text book of

                             22

www.butkus.us

ainatcur" photographS'. \'uu rvill be rmplv rcpaid for thc:
siipht trouble bv thc cxccllcnce of the pictures you take.
Sorne Useful Accessories
    'l'hc follou,ing acccssorics arc not absolutelS' neces,
sary, irut u'iil grcatlv impror.c the final rcsults.
Dark slides
   Iiach Tourist (lamcrtt is provide:d u'ith thrcc singler
nre tal slidcs of  f ine:st qr-ralitr. If nrorc sliclcs are requircd
ri'hcn going orr a long cxpcdition thct' can always bc
readilv ohtained. 'l'n'elve sliclcs arc a useful rrumbcr
*'hcr-r going on rI tour.  \!'hcn ordering simply sa\' "So
r{ran}' slidc,s ft-rr Yoigtl2irrdcr Tourist (lamera  3tlr"
 -,<2ti.t',,41i*".i  3tf 4't ot 5l/r")<.i1,2" Nornral ctlgc".
Film Packs
  On tours in courrtries u'herc no clark roonls c.rist and
l'resh sul'rplics,tlc rrot evailable, the filrn pack is an im,
portant and ttscful acccssorr'. ()uc film pack only s'cighs
a ltcu ()unccs, and thcy can he lcadilv loatJcd into the
adaptcr in da1'lioht. (ltrre nrust bc taken not to load in
brilliant sunshine. (lo to a shaded spot.
   \\'hcn ordc'rirrg rr  liilnr llack Aclaptcr simpll'sav
"lrihn Pack Adaptcr for Voigtlzindcr Tourist (lamera
3t/..," X )r  ,,", 1rlr" X 31/+" or 51,/,r" )l :l',/," rvith normal edge".

                          Yelloqr Fillers
                                          Filters are in some
                                          cetscs verv trdvisable
                                  to improl;e thc  co,
                                 Iour  virlues.  Also
                              rvherc  ercat   c()nt
                                    trasts of light exist
                               thc  f ilterr rvilt corn'
pcnsatc. Orth<tchrornatic platcrs arc tlcst used il)  col),
junction rvith a filtcr.  'fhis also applics to l'anchro,
matic plates.

I
For HELIAR F/4.5, Solra" focal length:                                                                                                                                                                                                                   '
    Focar Lens No.31 enlarging   f ield of view about 1.18,1                    i
For HELIAR F14.5, 571s" f.ocal length:
    Focar Lens No. 32 enlarying field of view about 1.25 x
For COLLINEAR F16.3,41fs" focal length:
    F'ocar Lens No.30 enlarging field of view about 1.18 x
For COLLINEAR F16.3, 56lra" focal length:
   Focar Lens No.30 enlarging field of view about 1.18 X
For SKOPAR and HELIAR F14.5, 6rf2" focal length:   Focar Lens No. 33 enlarging field of view about 1.25 x      t+rt1\
For HELIAR F/4.5, 7" foeal length:                                                  I
                                                                                                                                                                                                  {   Focar Lens No.33 enlarging field of view about 1.25 x
For COLLINEAR F16.3, 6tf 2"focal length:
   Focar Lens No.31 enlarging  fielcl of view about 1.25 x
                                                                   ' For' many subiects   Explanation of the Focar Lens.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              {{*Itit is better to use a lens of longer focus as in most                               tt
cases the perspective is considerably improved and the               tview or object on the plate rvill be smaller than that
received by the eye. Every photograph should be takenrvith the end in view that it should reprocluce the im,        I
pression the eye has seen. This cannot be accomplished
in many casei with the focus of the lens on the clmera.  The focus of the Heliar and Collinear lenscs ciin be          Ii
lengthened at rvill by using the right Focar lens.
  The Collinear being a symmetrical double anastigmat
already gives the facilities of two foci. With the F-ocar
lenses, a lens set of great varity can be composed.  The Focar lenses are mounted and simply slipped on     tto the lens cell of the ordinary Heliar or Collinear.     It must be clearly unclerstood of course, that the speed                                 J,I
of the original objective is somewhat reduced according                                                                                                      Ito the composition. The longer the focal length the slower
the speed, but this limitation of speed is fullycompensated
for by the advantages offered in other directions.                                                f
Tele-D:i'rrar-  TeleplrofographJr
   Telephotography. This is a most interesting hobby.
ln daysdavs gonegone bvby telenhotopraohvtelephotography meantmeant aa greaiarcai deal of
                           ?6                                         i'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       I

tr\tr f'om'ist irtlt" X:Jtf 2"
    Skop,rr F'l-\.5, f ,-  ol/,'." |  -r^ro,1)wrr;rrTele'Dv"!  F/6.3. NtNo' 5'    Heliar ttl4.5, i -                           Z,i', i                    ^    ,1f;1,         f lcliar l'1{,.5, I     7'ls" )                      -


                   Finder
                       lUlagnifier
                                    'fhc picture in
                                   the lirilliant fintler
                                  of course must lls
small a.ircl'for somc pcoplc it is difficult to sec it. 'fhc ,\'S,agnificr overcomes ti,is.  r rouble. lly putting thc
 Nlngnifier ,rn top of th'-fiirtlcr  fr-rtrr titncs magnifiurrtto:l
 is obtairrcd.
   This magnificr is so srnall that it can be carried in
 thc vest pocket. 'I'hc  fittinu is quite simPle and sliPs
 on top of the fincler'
   Whcn orclering Plcasc statc:
 Vc,ir.ttllndcr Finder ltagnif ier
                                                                                                                                                                                           '                                                               1r iu" 'x 2r lz'        No.2 for 'l'ourist Carncra        No.4 for 'fourist (-lamcra   4tf a" x3rla"
                                                     5t 1r,, X 3rlz,,           No.'tr for 'lourist (iamera


  of   S@Filmpocks?