Yashica 44 LM User manual

Y[$I|ICI
  MLM   ......is  o precision                     instrument copoble of bringing
  you some of  the finesf  phologrophs  you've  ever
  laken.

     T() FULTYEXPT()ITALLTHEADVANTAGES(}I YCURYASHICA44[M
    T() TAKEBETTERPICTURESWITIIM()RECOI.IFIDENCE
    T() ilAINTAINTHEFIAWI.ESSOPTRATI()N()T THECAMERA

     Please read. the following    page: carefully    until
you  becorne f"lly    familiar    with   all  the  working
parts,  and  follout   the  eastr step-by-step  instruetion.

21 .  Film Releose Buffon
                                 22.  Film Winding Knob
                                   23.  Shutler Cocking Lever
                                   24.  Shutter Speed Setting Wheei
                                  25.  Shutter Releqse Buffon
                                  26.  Mognef ying Gloss
                                  27.  Sports Finder Window
                                   28.  Focusing Hood Releose Buffon
                                  29.  Red window
                                   30.  Tripod Socket





3'l .  Depth-of-Field Scole
32.  Accessory Shce
33.  ASA/DIN Conversion S.cole
34.  Lower Film Spool Holder
35.  Film PressurePlote
36.  Roller-bor No.  I
37.  Spool Locking Geor
38.  Roller-bcrrNo.2

TOADING  FILI,I

  127 size film             in the new 154'xlYg"   size
  12 pictures per  roll    Block-White  or Color

 ( l )  To unlock Bock Cover,  turn the Tripod Socket in
     the  direction morked  '0'.  Then open  the  Bock
     Cover by swinging it out.

( 2 )  Ploce  the  Toke-Up  Spool  in  the  Lower  Film
    Chomber, pushingthe spring looded Spool Hotder
     with  its shoft.

(3)  Ploce o new  roll of  size 127  film  in  the  Upper
     Film Chomber, gently  pressing until   it  stops ond
     locks into position.

(4)  Gently  drow  out  the  film leoder. Poss the  film
     leoder over the roller-bor ond  threod  it into the
      slot of the Toke-Up Spool. The roller-bor in the
      film chomber prevents the  film from curling ond
     consequently the film will be even ond flot in the
    comero, thus ossuring cleorer pictures.

Close the Bock Cover ond  lock   it  by  turning the
     T r i p o d S o c k e t  i n  t h e d i r e c t i o n m o r k e d  ' C ' .

(6)  Advonce the film by turning the Film Winding Knob

      until the figure  I oppeors in  the Red  Window  of

     the Bock Cover.

(7)  Push the  Exposure Counter Reset Button bockword

    w h i l e d e p r e s s i n gt h e F i l m R e l e o s e B u t t o n ,   t h e n  t h e

          f i g u r e   I  w i l l  o p p 3 o r      i n    t h e  E x p o s u r e C o u n t e r

    Window.  The   film  is  now  reody  for  the   flrst

    exposure.





                                           UNTOADING FILM
                                                 See Poge 14.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    / e ^ - ^    T ; + l ^ \

REMovErHE LEN' cAP        FILM WINDING!,"





                                           To  wind  the  film  tor  next  exposure,
                                            push the Film Releose Button inside ond
                                                                                                      t h e n  t u r n  t h e  F i l m W i n d i n g K n o b u n t i l
     Roise the lower cop ond  fold   it  bock           it stops.
     o n     i t s  h i n g e . T u r n    t h e  u p p e r  c o p
     counterclockwise ond remove.

I,IAGNIFYING GLASS

Assures more  occurote  focusing
 (A) Roise the Mognifying Gloss
by  pressing the    f ront  of  the
Focusing Hood Cover inword,
holding the  Focusing Hood  so
thot  it does not close.
When   using  the   Mognifying
Gloss, ploce vour eye os close
to   it os pcssible.
(B) Alwoys be sure thot you hove
 first  lowered   the  Mognifying
Gloss before closing the Focusing
Hood.


  SPORTS FINDER

Sight your  Subiect through the
Sports Finder Window.
(A) Depress the Focusing Hood
Cover  until  it clicks into  ploce.
Lift the comero to eye level.
( S e e " H O L D I N G T H E C A M E R A " ,
P o g e  I 3 )
(B) Push the  Releose Button to
close the Hood Cover.

^               SIGHTING AND FOCUSINGEIv'
   Your Yoshico 44LM  is o  rwin-lens reflex comero with  o BUIIT-IN EXPOSURE METER'
   lower  lens tokes  the  picture.  The upper  lens  is  for  focusing  or,d composing on
   ground gloss viewing  screen.





    Rotote the Focusing Knob  until  your  subiect on the ground  gloss screen gets shorp' The
     brighr  round  lens  in  the  center  of  the  ground  gloss viewing  screen enobles you  to
     obtcrin o shorp focus ond should be  the  center  of  the  picture  you  ore  composing  on
    the  screen. The  red   lines  on  the  screen  help  you   to  iudge  proportion  ond  proper
    composition.  compose  your  subiect on the ground  gross .'s you would  like  to see  it  in
     the  finol  picture. The squore  gloss  is the key  to good  phofogrophy'

.     !     -                 THE IENS OPENING
   The L-'ns Aperture controls the omount of  light thot will poss through the lens onto the
          l i g h t s - ' n s i t i v ef i l m . Y o u r Y o s h i n o n o f f e r s o p e n i n g s o t   f  , 3 . 5 4 5 . 6 8  1 1 1 6 & 2 2 .
 OOIAf 3_5               f 4   $$$$f 8                 f l t                  f 1 6               f 2 2
   N o t i c e   t h o t  t h e   l o w e r  t h e n u m b e r ,t h e   l o r g e r  t h e o p e n i n g . f  , 3 5   i s t h e   l o r g e s t o p e n i n g ,
        f  , 2 2   t h e s m o l l e s t .
   To set the lens opening, turn the  Aperture  Control  Wheel   until the  desired number
   oppeors in the Aperture Reoding Window.
                   SHUTTERSPEED
   The  shutter speed  controls the  durotion  of  the  exposure. Shutter speeds on  your
   Y o s h i c o - 4 4 L Mw i t h    i t s   f l n e C o p o l S V S h u t t e r o r e  7 , 1 1 2 , 1 1 4 ,  l 1 8 , 1 f t S ,   l f 3 0 ,    l 1 6 0 ,
    1 1 1 2 5 , 1 1 2 5 0 , l / 5 0 0 t h o f o  s e c o n d o n d ' B ' .  T h e ' B ' s e t t i n g    i s  f o r   t o k i n g p i c t u r e s w i t h
   on exposure time longer thon   I second. Use o  Tripod or Broce when  using the  'B'.
   When you press the  Shutter Releose Button on the  'B'  setting the shutter stoys open
    until you releose the pressure on the button.
       (lt  is odvisqble to sef fhe shuffer speed before you cock fhe shuffer ot  oll fimes.)
       Comero moy be hond-held for  ,             U s e o T r i p o d o r B r o c e  f o r ,
    Averoge Pictures      Action Pictures      Time Exp.           Slow speeds
        | 130116011125     1 1250     I /500                                     t B t                    I s e c 1 1 2 1 1 4 t 1 8  l l t s
    Built-in Exposure Meter  of  your  Yoshico 44LM meosures the light ond  helps you  to
    obtoin proper exposure combinotion (LENS APERTURE& SHUTTER SPEED SETTING) to
   be set on the comero.

BUILT.IN EXPOSUREMETERo               o   your yoshico 44LM with  its built-in exposure meter meosures the light ond
   helps you  to determine the proper exposure settings, eosily qnd ropidly.
   The exposure setting reoding system of your Yoshico 44LM consists of the
   following three elements.

         o.  Photo Cell (t-ignt Gothering Window)
         b.  Light Reoding Window
          c.  Exposure Setting Reoding Scole

  HOW  TO UsE THE YASHICA  44LM  EXPOSURE READING  SYSTEM



                                               First, you  set  the ASA sPeed  of  Your
                                             film by turning the  ASA Speed Setting
                                    Ring (Block Ring). A convenient ASA/DlN
                                   Conversion  Sco le   is  provided  on  the
                                   Focusing Knob.

Direct the cqmero (Photo Cete
                                                     ot the subiect. The need le of
                                                                                            t h e  L i g h t  R e o d i n g W i n d o w
                                         swings to indicote the required
                                                  k.y  nu m ber.  Reod  the  k"y
                                   number.

Turn the  ErpcsL!re N u m b e r R i n g  ( n e a R i n g ) o n d o l i g n  t h e k " y  n u m b e r
w i t h  t h e w h i t e d o r o n  t h e o u t e r  r i m .



N o w     l o o k  o t    t h e  c o m b i n o t i o n o f
lens operture  ond  shutter speed
you hove on the opposite  side  of
the ASA  Reodlng Window.  These
o r e   t h e p r o p e r e x p o s u r e c o m b i n o -
tion  of  lens operture ond  shutter
speed to be set on your comero.

PICTURETAKING PROCEDUREo

                                           (1)  Open  the Focusing Hood  by  lifting    it from the bcrck.
                                           (2)   Tcrke (l reoding  of  the  Light Reoding  window,  ond
                                            obtoin  proper  exposure combinotion  of lens operture
                                      ond  shutter speed on the Exposure  Setting Reoding
                                              sccrle. (see "BulLT-lN EXPOSURE METER" Poge 9 &
                                      lo)
                                            (3)   Set ihe  proper  shutter speed  ond  lens opening  by
                                              turning  the shutter speed ond  lens Aperture  setting
                        W h e e | s w i t h y o u r t h u m b . T h e S h u t t e r S p e e d o n d
                                      Lens  Aperture   Reoding  window     is  conveniently
                                          o r r o n g e d c r b o v e t h e V i e w i n g L e n s , o | t o w i n g y o u t o
                                              c h e c k q t C l g | o n c e f o r o n y p o s s i b l e e r r o r s i n t h e
                                              seftings before  cocking the  shutter'
                                            (4)  Push the shutter  cocking  lever  down. Be sure not lo
                                       chonge  the  shutter speed  ofter  the shutter  is cocked'
                                           (5)   Sisht  the  subiect  through  view-finder  screen  ond
                                                     when you  hove  comPosed  Your
                                                                      picture on the ground gloss screen
                                                                    gently  press the  Shutter Releqse

                                                                   Button.

S E L F . T I M E R             CABLE RELEASE


For toking self-portroits or  group
pictures, you hove obout B seconds
to  get into  the  Picture Yourself.
Therefore your comero  ntust be
mounted on o trrPod or broce  to
prevent o blurred Picture.
Coufion  ! Be sure to  set fhe sYnchro
selector   fo   fhe X  Posifion  w hen
using the Self-timer.





                                         A  stondord, OVERLAP-TYPE
                                           Coble Releose con be fitted
                                                        to  Your  Yoshico. Unscrew
                                                 the Shutter Releose Ring ond
                                           screw in the Coble Releose.
                                         Y o u r  c o m e r o  d e o l e r  w i l l
                                              supply  the  proPer  Coble
                                           Releose for your comero.

ASA SPEEDINDICATOR


A convenient  ASA/DIN   Conversion
Scole  is  provided  on  the  Focusing

Knob, ond  this scole  will  olso  be

used os ASA Speed Indicotor to keep

o record of your film emulsionspeed.

Turn diol to your film speed number.


     UNTOADING
          FItM


After toking oll 12 pictures turn  the

Film Winding Knob obout 6 turns, to

toke up  the  remoining port  of  the

film. Then open  the  comero  ond

remove the film.

D E P T H . O F . F I E L Do

  When you focus the comero on o subiect there  is o certoin distonce in front ond bock
   of the subiect within which other obiects will olso oppeor shorp.  This is known os the
   "Depth-of-Field",  ond  it vories with the lens operture.  The smotler the  operture the
   greoter the Depth-of-Field; it  is much greoter ot   f '22 thon ot   f   ' 3.5.
   Focusing of  oll twin-lens reflex comeros is done with the ground gloss focusing screen,
   ond to moke focusing eosy the focusing lens on the Yoshico 44LM is equipped with on
      f  , 3.5 lens which is the some brightness os thot of the picture toking lens.  The scene
   reflected on the focusing screen, will show  o  shollow  depth-of-field  thon  the  octuol
   picture to be token ot o smoller operture.  ln other words, the octuol photo  will show
   certoin distonce in front ond bock of  the subiect in focus more thon whot you sow  on
   the focusing screen.
   A convenient Depth-of-Field Scole  is locoted obove the Focusing Knob ond indicotes the
   depth-of-field when the comero  is focused ot vorious distonces. You will notice thot on
   either  side  of  the    f  , 3.5  figure  is  o  similor set  of  numbers which represent lens
   opertures. When the comero is focused on your subiect find the operture you ore using
   on  either side of the scole to  determine the   Depth-of-Field. Thus  if  the comero  is
   focused  ot   l5  feet ond the lens operture  is  f   ' 3.5 the  Depth-of-Field (oreo in which
    oll obiects ore shorp) is from obout 14 feet  to 20 feet.
   Applying  the some  theory,  vour  Yoshico 44LM  will  olso  be  used os o fixed-focus
   comero.  In this cose set the distonce scole to  15 feet ond  the lens operture to   f  t 8.
   You  will  notice on the  Depth-of-Field thot  onything from obout 12 feet  to 29  feet
    will be  in focus.

F I L T E R S
 your   yoshico 44LM occepts sunshodes ond  filter odoptor  rings  in  convenient Boyonet
 mounts thot reodily fosten to the Picture Toking Lens. A complete ronge of  filters ord
 supplementory lenses ore ovoiloble in the populor series v  size Boy d  30.
 The following  list gives o summory of  the  fitters recommended ond o short  explonotion
 of  their use.
 YELLOW  FILTERSmoinly reduce the octinic efiect of  blue, rendering  it dorker ond ore
 therefore suitobte for tondscope photogrophy  in order  to  obtoin  cleorly  defined cloud
 effects on o normol blue sky.  In the cose of very  light blue sky, o dorker  filter should
 be used ond vice verso.
 GREEN  FILTERShos on effect similor to  thot of yellow  filters, but they olso hold bock
 red (render  it dorker) to which some ponchromotic films ore comporotively over-sensitive
 (photogrophing it too  light.)
 ULTRA-VIOLET FILTERSobsorbs rhe ulrro-violet roys of  high oltitude for which the lens
  is not corrected ond which would reduce the definition. The very  light ultro-violet filter
  is only necessory ot heights of 6,500  ft.  (2,000m.) ond  over  to  ovoid  on unduly dork
  sky, such os would be obtoined by using o yellow  filter.
 ORANGE  FILTERSgive  over-correction ond  serve therefore  os on  "effect"   filter  for
  drowing  heovy  clouds  ogoinst  o  dork  sky, ond  they  show  distont views  cleorly  in
  fondscopes, eliminoting light hoze, etc'
 RED FILTERShos on  efiect  still stronger thon  thot  of  the  oronge  filter,  for  extreme
  controst, creoting block sky with brilliont clouds, toking sunshineinto moonlight effects, etc'
 DARK RED FILTERSore used only with  infro-red film. chiefly useful for scientific purposes;
  they olso penetrote mist in long distonce photogrophy.
  BLUE FILTERSore  for ponchromotic films in ortificiol light. They cut down the excessive
  red sensitivity. This results in better skin-tones ond dorker red  (lips).
I 7

TAKING FLASH PICTURES
               Your Yoshico 44LM  offers  M-X  synchronizotion

                                     Correct  exposures  for   flosh  pictures  will  be
                                   obtoined  eosily ond  correctly by consulting the
                                    guide numbers printed on  the pockoge of  flosh
                                   bu I bs.
                            When  toking color  flosh pictures, you moy need
                                              filters or you moy hove to use bulbs oppropriote
                                            to the type of  film (Doy-light or  Tungsten) you
                                       o r e u s r n g .
                                  Your comero deoler  will  be  glod  to  supply the
                                    proper flosh ottochment for your comero. As you
                              become more  proficient  ot  toking  pictures, you
                                                will wont to ocquire occessories thot increose the
                                           versotility of  your  Yoshico 44LM. One  of  the
                                                  first occessories you will wont will be o  flosh unit.
Synchroni.otion  for  flosh    I S  b u i l t - i n . A  stondord PC  connector p'ugs into  the  flosh
t e r m i n q l . T h e b o t t e r Y c o s e  r s ottoched to the comero with on orm thot screws into the
tripod socket.

   Selector position
   Bulb used         M e d i u m P e o k

   S h u t t e r S p e e d        Any Speed

Do not use Short Peok Bulbs with "M"  Synchronizotion.
Move the selector to X position when using Electronic Flosh

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                     R , E V I E W

    NOW THAT YOU HAVE READTHE'NSTRUCI'ON, REVIEW
     YOUR F'I.M'NG PROCEDURE'N THESE9 STEPS:

               l.  Toke o Iight-meterreoding
          2.  Determine correct exposure combinotion
          3.  Set the lens opening (operture)
          4.  Set the shutter speed
          5.  Cock the shutter
          6.  Focus on the ground gloss screen
          7.  Compose the picture (on the ground gloss screen or
            through the sportsfinder)
         8.  Toke the Picture
         9.  Advonce the film

I

                                                                                                                         l-f               CARE OF YOUR YASHICA 44tM


       Wlth   reosonoble    cqre   your   Yoshicq   44tM     will   olwoys   operote

        perfeclly.    Slore   your   cqmero    In  o  dry   ploce'  owqy   from   heqt   or

        cold.   If  lhe  climqle   ls  portlculorly   humld'     it  is odvisoble    lo  keep   smcrll

      bogs  of  slllco-gel   or  qny  olher   dehydroting    ogenl   with  the Gomerq  lo

       prevenl   excessive  crccumulotion   of  molsture   in  the  working   Ports.

      Never   put  the  ccmero   In  lhe   glove  GomPqrlment    of  an  qulomoblle.
  a i
     !    Incessont  shocks  ond  extremes    of  heol  qnd  cold  could  couse domoge.- :             i
   i=j _
  E   Be sure  lo  reploce   fhe  Lens Gop when  your  cqmercr  ls not  In  use. To          i
   ii
  E   cleqn  the   lens  surfoce    lo  remove   dusi   or    dirl'   olwoys   wipe   very             i
    -ji     ligtrrty  with  cleon  gquze   or  lens  cleoning   clorh.  Do  nol  wipe   lhe  lens           i:   : :
      j     with  o  dlriy   hondkerchlef.   Do  not  leqve  fhe  csmero   shuller  sef when             ii
   : :
       j    comero   ls  nol   in  use.                                                                         :
    -iE :       i =     t :

2 l