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Beseler Topcon Auto 100 - direct User manual
User manual for Beseler Topcon Auto 100 - direct. 59 pages in English. Read the original PDF, download or print a copy without registration.
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- Brand
- Beseler
- Model / document
- Beseler Topcon Auto 100 - direct
- Document type
- User manual
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 59
- File size
- 8.1 MB
- Category
- Film cameras
- Document date
- Not specified in catalog
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Page 2 · Read text
v-
EIECTR.IC-EYE PICTURE.TAKING
l. Set film speed (ASA 25 to 4OO or DIN t 5 to 271.
2. Set shutter speed, (l/S ro t/5OO sec.).
3. Set operture rlng lo AUTO.
4. Advonce film wlndlng levero '
5. Vlew-focus through the lens, ond check operture reodlng.
6. Press shutler releose button.
ITVIPOR.TANT
l. Don't touch lhe surfoce of lhe tens, mlrror, eyeplece, qs well qs exposure
wlndow.
2. Stroke the film wlndlng lever oll the woy - untll ll slops.
3. Wolr unlll lhe shuller octlon ls completed before slroklng the film wlndlng
lever.
4. Gover the lens when nol ln use.
5. Don'l force moyements but re-reod lnslructlons once more.
i6. lf your BESELER TOPCON AUTO TOO comero needs repolr, don'f do lr yourself
bul conloct the neoresi crulhorlzed deoler.View original page 2Page 6 · Read text
But, besides these bosic requirements, the
BESETER TOPCON AUTO IOO comero olso incorporotes oll the complicoted
CATUIERA mechonism thqt moke picture-toking completely
outomotic, such os:-
Congrotulolions, on your choice of the BESELER l. Fully outomotic instont re-opening lens dio-TOPCON AUTO 100 comero which hos been phrogm qciion-f or holding the lens otdesigned by our engineers ond opticol scientists
to give on ideol comero fulfilling the following wide operture, for view-focusing eose, but
se-bosic requirements:- stopping it down outomqticolly to the
lected operture for the shutter oction qnd
l. Single lens reflex-for viewing ond focus- then re-opening it once more to wide
ing of the exoct subiect imoge os it will operture.
be coptured on the film.
2. Quick-os-o-wink mirror oction__which, in2. Electric-Eye outomotion-for outomoticolly coupled oction with the outomotic lens setting the correct exposure to the comero . diophrogm oction, swings the mirror up simply by pointing it ot the subiect. ond out of the woy for shooting ond then
3. Complete lens interchongeobility-for snops it down once more, quick-os-o-wink,
chonging from the slondord to the wide- for view-focusing.
ongle or telephoto os the requirements of 3. Single stroke film winding lever oction- the picture moy demond. not only odvonces the film one frome, but
4. Superior UV lens cooting-for producing qdvqnces the exposure counter, chorges
crisper block-ond-white shots ond lrue-to- the shutter qnd sets up the oulomqtic lens
life color pictures. diophrogm oction.
IView original page 6Page 8 · Read text
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1, Automotic re-setting odditive exposure exposures, the person who wonts o comero
counter. with o choice of wide-ongle or telephoto
5. Automotic pop-up rewind button. lenses, which ore not ouxiliory lenses or which
leove behind some component ond merely ex-
And, os on odditionol bonus, the comero olso chonge the front elements, to the person who
hqs :-- would iust rother set exposures occording to
l. Complete electric-eye outomotion with qll experience,--becouse the comero is not o
interchongeoble lenses. simple outomotic comero but o well-built ond
designed comero which will sotisfy even the2. Speciol UV filter effect on oll interchonge- demonds of the odvonced omoteur. oble lenses.
sug-3. Aperture scole visible in finder, even with While operofion is very simple, moy we gest thot you reod the instructions through electric-eye qutomolion.
corefully so thot you fomiliorize yourself with4. Monuol over-ride of electric-eye outomo- its working ports before you even lood film tion for shutter coupled exposure seilings in the cctmero. or comptete freedom in exposure settings.
ln other words, the comerq is the ideol fomily
comerq becouse it con be used by every
member of the fomily, from the person who
only wonts on outomotic comerq to toke cqre
of oll exposure setting problems, the person
who wonts q built-in exposure meter coupled
to the comero for some freedom to odiustView original page 8Page 9 · Read text
SPECIFICATION
Lens:
UV Topcor I : 2 f-53mm 6 element stondord lens. Fully outomotic instqnt re-opening
lens diophrogm. Stroight helicoid focusing from 70cm to infinity. Boyonet mount lens.
interchqngeobility of complete lens.
Apertures t tf 2, 2.8, 4, 5,6, 8, I l, 16 ond 22,
Shutter:
SEIKOSHA SLV behind-lens type.
1160, lll2s, ll2so & t/500 sec. . speeds: B, t, ll2, tl4, lll, tlts, llg0, MXV-switch (for M ond X settings flosh synchronizotion ond self-timer).
Flnder:
Fixed eye-level Pentoprism ftnder, with 0.75X imoge (stqndord lensl, ond 34.5X23mm
ffnder screen.
With TOKOBRITE fresnel lens plote ond micro-prism focusing spot,
Meter needle ond operture scole, indicotes operture reodings.
Exposure:
AufO-Electric-eye oulomqtion.
Ronge: EV 5 to EV 18, with ASA 100 ftlm.
3
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Film speeds: ASA 25 to 400 (DlN 15 to 271.
Shutter speeds z 118 to l/500 sec.
COUPTED-Shutter coupled exposure setting.
Ronge: EV 5 to EV 18, with ASA 100 fflm.
Film speeds: ASA 25 to 400 (DlN 15 to 271.
Shutter speeds z ll8 to l/500 sec.
MANUAT-Complete freedom in opertures/shutter speeds.
Ronge: EV 2 to EV 18, with ASA 100 film.
Film speeds: ASA 25 to 400 (DlN 15 to 27!,.
Shutter speeds: B, I to l/500 sec.
Fllm Wlndlng:
180" single stroke.
Other Feotures:
Red worning oreo indicoting outomotic exposure is not possible (shutter moy be
releosed).
Wink mirror system (instont return nrirror octionl.
Automotic pop-up rewind button.
Fixed occessory shoe.
S'lze & Weighr:
With stondord lenr: l36mmX93mmX84mm; 840 groms.View original page 10Page 12 · Read text
www.butkus.us @ lnfrored index @ Dirtonc" focusing ring @ Accessory sboe @ Distonce (operture) index @ fitr plone indicotor @ Shoulder slrop lug @ Distonce scote @ Eyepiece .@ Bock cover lockView original page 12
Page 14 · Read text
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flonge @ Bock cover lock @ MXV-switch
@ fitm tronsport sprocket @ Bock cover cotch @ Bottery cover@ film pressure plote @ flosh socketView original page 14Page 15 · Read text
GORR,ECT EXPOSUR,E l. Eleclric-eye outomotion.
One of the most importont foctor for toking 2. Coupled exposure setting.
better pictures is correct exposure, which is 3. Free exposure setting.
the relstionship between-
l. The shutter speed, ond ELECTRIC-EYE AUTOfrTATION :
2. The operture (lens opening), os decided by Presuming thot the film is olr'eody looded in3. The brightness of lhe subiect, ond depend- the comero ond the film speed set to the ent on comero, the only octions required for toking
4. The sensitiviiy (spced) of the fitm looded pictures ore :
in lhe comero. - l. Set the shutter speed ring (7) lo one of
ln other words, it is importont to be oble to red-colored speeds l/500 to l/8 sec., by
correctly iudge the brightness of the subiect, revolving the ring until the required speed
in order to determine the correct operture to is opposite the index.
be used, becquse film speed is pre-determined
The shutter speeds will click-stop into ploce.by the film used ond shutter speed is, more
often thqn not, decided by the qction of the Use the shutter speed guide for choosing
subiect. the most suitoble speed for the lighting
ln the BESELER TOPCON AUTO 100 comero condition or oction.
three methods of setting the correct exposure 2. the operture ring (8) to AUTO, which
odiustments to the lens ond shutter ore pos- set the electric-eye system into opero-
sible-
?View original page 15Page 17 · Read text
hove the efrect of moving the exposure
needle towords the middle oreo, in both
coses, where the picture con be token.
When revolving the shutter speed ring, in
the obove instonces, do not move the
shutter speed scole outside the l/500 to
l/8 sec. ronge.
The shutter con be releosed even when
the needle is in the red oreos so the posi-
tion of the needle musl olwoys be checked.
www.butkus.us Of course, it is token for gronted thot the
well3. Check the operture scoles seen on the ftlm winding lever is olso odvonced, os
left border of the finder ond if ihe ex- os view-focusing being undertoken, before the
posure needle is not in the red worning shutter is releosed.
oreos ond is sotisfoctoryr press the shutter GOUPLED EXPOSURE SETTING: button (6), ond lhe picture will be token.
lf the exposure needle is in the top red When the subiect hos too much controst, or
oreo, the picture will be under-exposed, the bock-light is brighter thon the front-light,
while, if in the bottom red oreo, the or if you wont to toke o close-up reoding
picture will be over-exposed. lf the former, ond then move bock for the shot, or other-
revolve the shutter speed ring to the left, wise wont to odiust the operture setting to
ond, if the loter, to the right, which will toke into occount possible over- or under-ex-
ilView original page 17Page 18 · Read text
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posure on electric-eye outomqtion, try coupled eye outomotion, but within the ronge l/500
exposure selting:- to l/8 sec., ond ftnd the right combinotion
of shutter speed ond operture. l. Set the shutter speed to one of the red-
colored shutter speeds, i.e., from l/500 to Coupled exposure setting is suitoble for those
l18 sec., the some os for electric-eye shots in which-
outomotion. l. The bockground is very light ond coverg
2. Toke the operture ring off AUTO, by o greoter oreo thon the moin subiect of
revolving it to ony other setting on the interest, which is olso dorker; becouse the
ring. exporure reoding will be dominoted by the
3. Point the cqmerq lens of the subiect ond lighter bockground ond the moin interest
will be under-exposed. For exomple, shots reqd the operture setting indicoted on the
ogoinst distont scene, or ogoinst snow- operture scole in the ftnder.
scopes, etc.
4, Tronsfer the operture reoding to the oper- 2. The opposite of the obove, such os in ture ring, i.e., revolve the operture ring
until the sqme operture is opposite the night clubs, circuses, etc., in which the
index (l I ), or modify it ond then tronsfer reoding will be dominoted by the dorker
it, if this is preferred. bockground ond the moin interest will be
over-exposed.
5. Press the shutter releose button. 3. The moin subiect is bock-lighted, becouse
Incidentolly, if the exposure needle is in the the subiect's foce will not be illuminoted
red worning oreos, revolve the shutter speed by the moin light ond will be under-ex-
ring, in the some monner noted for electric- posed, if the reoding is loken for the full
l2View original page 18Page 19 · Read text
subiecl oreo. 3. Controsfy subiect: First decide whot ef-
4. The moin subiect is in the shode, becouse fect you ore looking for in the ftnql picture
the reoding will ogoin be dominoted by ond toke on exposure reoding of the por-
the surrounding light ond will thus be lion which interests you the most, letiing
under-exposed. lhe controsty portion (lighter or dorkcr
portionI get lighter or dorker, os the cose
For the obove shols, os well os for other moy be.
shots, the exposure reroding should be token
os follows:- 4. lnoccessible subjects: lf the subiect is ioc
fqr off, toke on exposure reoding of o l. Londscope:. Shield the comero toking lens similior subiect (i.e., some texture ond light- (341 trom lhe light reflected by the sky ing condition) ot close distonce. ond point it so thot it will be toking o
reoding of on oreo hoving less sky thon 5. Bock-lighted subiect: The best method is
the generol overoll. scen6, becouse the sky to move in ond toke o close-up exposure
is much brighter thon the generol scene reoding of the front-lighted subiect oreo
ond if too much sky is included the overoll only, using core to see thof the bock-light
effect will be over-exposure. does not effect the reoding. Otherwise,
modify the exposure reoding token ot the2. Subiect ogoinst the open sky: When picture-toking position 3 or 4 times to toke shooting oirplones, flogs, buildings, etc., into occount the excessivs controst be- ogoinst on opcn exponso of sky, toke on tween the bock-light ond the front-lighted exposure reoding of o similior obiect with
the light striking it ot the some ongle os oreq.
the subiect ond modify it by l/2 stop less. 6. Portroit: Move in close ond toke o reqd-View original page 19Page 20 · Read text
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ing of lhe foce oreo thot should stond be unusoble even when the exposure
out in f he finol picture. lf controst is needle is not in the red worning oreos.
€xtreme, between the high-lights ond shod- This is especiolly when o fost film isows, loke o reoding of both portions ond used ot o slow shutter speed, or ooveroge it, if you wont both porlions, or slow'film used ot the fostest shutterotherwise.toke o reoding of the interesting
portion ot obout 4 inches or so. See thqt speed. The following combinotions of
the comero's shodow is not cost on the shutter speed ond f stops should never
oreo being reod. be ralied upon for setting exposure.
Note: ASA 400 film fl2 & l/8 sec.(l) When using the f/3.5 wide-ongle or ASA 50 film ll22 & l/500 sec. f/4 telephoto lenses, it is not possible ASA 25 film 1116 & l/500 sec. to toke shots ot lorger opertures
thon the moximum operture of the (3) To use o shutter speed slower thon lens ottoched to the comero. Thus, l/8 sec., use the operture reoding for if the exposure needle indicqtes o l/8 sec. in order to toke o reoding.
reoding of fl2 or f12.8, etc., the Then re-odjust, by stopping down the shutter speed ring should be revolved lens diophrogm by the some number to o slower spead, in order to bring of steps os the exposure time is the needle within moximum opening increosed, bs follows :- of the lens used.
l2l When using film other thon ASA 100 Shutter speed , ll8-ll1-112-1
ond 200, the exposure reoding con Aperture z '4'*5.6- I I -l
l4View original page 20Page 21 · Read text
FREE EXPOSURE SETTING: foster speed is needed for movement neorer
to the cqmero, (3) o foster speed is required
Alihough only full numbers ore used on the for o subiect moving porollel to the comero,
ring, it should be remembered thot 500 is while o slower spced rnoy be used for move-
l/500 sec., ond I is q full I sec. ond thot, ment towords or owqy from the comero, ond
theref ore, the lorger number is the f oster (41 the degree of stopping required will olso
used. speed, meoning thot the shutter remoins open determine the speed to be
only for o t/S0O sec. durotion during which The operture ring hos operlures or openings,
time the light posses only 112 os long os the cqlled f/numbers, with exposure rotios, os
preceding lorger number ond vice verso ; thus follows:-
if lighting conditions remoin unchonged, de- Aperture 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 ll 16 22
creosing the speed will meon thot the operture Exposure rctio 114 ll2 I 2 4 8 15 30
will hove to be opened to compensote for The operture or lens opening controls the
less light. omount of light thot enters the lens ond posses
The choice of shutter is .dependent on the through to the film plone, by odiusting the lans
lighting condition, os well os the need for opening os required. lt con be seen thot the
stopping oction. The brighter the light, the lorger numbers ore the smoller openings ond
foster the speed thot moy be used, ond vice vice verso ond thot eoch smoller operture
verso. On the other hond, for stopping oc- permits only ll2 the omount of light of the
tion, it should be noted thot (l) o foster speed preceding lorger operture ond thot, therefore,
is required lor o speedier subiecf, l2l o if lighting conditions remoin unchonged, stop-
r5
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ping down will require o corresponding in- besides this, there ore vorious other creose in the shutter speed. -but,reloted octions which oll toke ploce in less
is ln other words, if the shutter speed is originol- thon l/lOth of o second when the shutter
ly set to 1160 sec. for f/8, then it must be pressed, such os :-
increosed to 11125 if the operture is opened l. The shuiter blqdes close down completely.
to f 15.6 or to l/30 if lhe operiure is stopped 2. The reflex mirror rises, lhe ftlm blind opens
down to f/l l. fully ond the lens diophrogm is stopped
Exposure settings in this cose will hove to be down.
decided by: 3. The shutter blodes open ond close (for
l. Using o suitoble'exposure met6r, or, loking the picture).
rgturns2, Using on €xposure chort, such os is usuol- 4. The film blind opens, the mirror lens ly included with rhe film, or, lo ref,ex viewing position, ond the diophrogm opens fully.3. Moking your decision bosed on post ex- perience. 5. The shutter blodes open fully.
The ociion of the lens diophrogm is the result
SHUTTER AGTION: of the "fully outomotic instqnt re-opening lens
diophrogm ection", while thot of the reflex
Since oll the UV TOPCOR lenses ore equipped mirror is the product of the "quick-os-o-wink
with the fully outomotic lens diophrogm oc- mirror oction", both of which ore required fo
tion, the lens opening is olwoys opened ot the produce the fost oction required for loking
widest operture for view-focusing eose. This the picture without loss of imoge.meons thot the lens diophrogm must outo- When using slow shutter speeds, olwoys woitmoticolly close down to the required opening
when the shutter button is pressed, ond then until the shutter oction is ffnished before od-
open immediotely bqck to lhe widest opsrturo voncing lhe film winding lever.View original page 22Page 23 · Read text
SELF-TIMER: vtEw-FocustNG
For the purpose of deloying the octuol shutter Two other importont foctors for getting belter
releose oction for l0 sec., ofter the shutter pictures ore:-releose button is pressed, use the built-in
self-timer. After oll preporotions for toking l. Correct composilion of the subiect within
the exposure hove been completed, shift the the film negotive oreo, ond
MXV-switch (33) until V is oligned with the 2. Accurote focusing of the imoge on theindex, ond then press the shutter releqse
button os usuol. fflm plone.
By utilizing the self-timer, it will be possible ln the BESELER TOPCON AUTO 100 comero
to toke your own photogroph, or hold light- both these foctors ore token cqre of by o
ing equipment or reflector, or used it f or single system, i.e., view-focusing through the
minimizing comero vibrotion on the tripod. comero lens.
Even when the self-timer is used, Electric-Eye
outomotion tokes ploce ond the correct ex- coMPoStTtoN:
posure f or the lighting condition when the Since the reflected light f rom the subiect,
shutter is releosed is set to the comero. which pctsses through the comero lens to lhe
Alwoys return the MXV-switch to X-setting film plone for toking the picture, is intercepted
when not in use. by the reflex mirror, which is ploced in the
light poth, ond reflected upwords to theCABTE REIEASE: finder's focusing screen :-When using the cqmero on the tripod, etc.,
use <r coble releose screwed into the shutter l. Porollox is completely eliminoted, becouse
releose socket, insteod of pressing the shutter the viewing ond toking lens ore the some,
button, os it will eliminote comero vibrotion. ond you con compose exoctly os it will
t7'View original page 23Page 24 · Read text
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be loken in the picture, ond lens, oll focusing odiustments qre mode direct-
2. The sqme oreq seen in the finder will be ly on the lens itself by revolving lhe disfonce
checking ihe effect covered in the finol picture. focusing ring (tg), ond
on the focusing screen in the finder.
Furlhermore, the eye-level Pentoprism finder,
which reverses the loterqlly reversed imoge The focusing screen hos :-
reflected upwords by the reflex mirror, gives l. A micro.prism focusing spot.the following odvontqges :-
2. A fine focus ring, oround the spof. l. A right side up loterolly correct imoge,
moving in the some direction qs the octuol 3. A full-oreo ground gloss, boosted by
subiecf, is especiolly voluoble for moving fresnel lens.
subiects. Micro-Prism Focusing Spof : The focusing
2. Becouse of the erect loterolly correct spot in the center is mode up of numerous
imoge, both eyes cqn be used, one for microscopic prisms which breok up the imoge
looking through the finder ond one for
viewing ihe generol scene.
3. Eye,-level viewing olso meons correctly
loferol ond erecf imoges in verticol
formqts.
FOGUSING:
Since view-focusing is through the comero ln Focus Not in FocusView original page 24Page 25 · Read text
when it is nof in focus so thof the imoge is focusing is not correcl, ihe subiecf will be
seen indistinct ond blurred. When the dis- seen blurred ond indistinctly, As with the
tonce focusing ring is revolved ond the subiect focusing spot, revolve either woys of lhe
is occuroiely focused, the imoge in the focus- optimum focus to check whethei focuslng is
ing spot will be seen distinctly ond shorply. correct or nof.
Subiects with lineor feotures will be porticu- Full-Areo Ground Gloss: The full-oreo of
lorly effective for focusing becouse the stroight the focusinet screen, except for the focusing
lines will look rogged ond broken up when spol ond fine focus ring, is fine ground gloss
out of {ocus but will be seen stroight when bqcked by o fresnel plote lens for obtoining
in focus. o brilliontly illuminoted subiect field from edge-
to-edge, without dork corners. ln otherWhen in doubt, revolve the distonce focusing
ring either woys from whot is considered words, the whole subiect oreo is olwoys dis-
optimum focusing ond check the effect. finctly seen ond moy be focused on the full
ground gloss oreo.
Flne Focus Ring: Around the micro-prism
focusing spot con be seen o cleor ring which Focusing is done in the some monner qs for
is mode of extro-fine ground gloss only. This the fine focus ring ond focusing spot.
ring moy olso be used, either singly or For speedier focusing, use the full focusing
in combinotion with the focusing spot, for screen, combining oll the focusing meons, i.e.,
focusing of subiects wiihout lineor feqtures. focusing spot plus fine focus ring plus full
When the distonce ring is revolved ond the ground gloss, becouse it will olso meon thot
subiect is correclly focused, the finder imoge composition ond focusing con be undertoken
will be seen distinctly ond shorply, while, if of the some time.
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The distonce ociuolly focused con be checked ln other words, when q subiect hos been
by reoding the distonce scole (tZ) opposite focused of o certoin distonce, the lens pre-
the distonce index (l l). sents qn opporently shorp imoge not only ot
the focused distonce but olso ot somewhot
DEPTH OF FIELD: forther ond neorer distonces. This zone of
When you hove focused on o certqin subiect opporent shorpness is known os the depth of field ond fhe rules governing the extent of(plone), it will be seen thqt not only thot
subiect but other subiects, both in froni ond the deplh of field ore :-
behind the moin inlerest, will olso be seen l. The depth of field is grec?er os the dio-
shorply, olthough this will not be true for phrogm (operture) is closed down, ond
everything before or behind the moin interest. leost os the diophrogm is opened up. ln
other words, the wide-open operture of
the fully outomqtic lens olwoys shows
the leost depfh of field ond is vcrluoble
for precise focusing.
2. The depth of field is greoter os the
focused distonce increoses ond leost os
the cqmero-fo-subiect distonce decreoses.
3. The depth of field is greoter behind the
focused subiect (in the bockground) ond
shollower before the focused subiect (in
the foreground) Uut grows progressively
20View original page 26Page 27 · Read text
equol os the focusing distonce gels poirs of operlures on both sides of the dis-
shorler. tonce index (t t), which olso represenls the
f 12. These identicol poirs4. The depth of field increoses when the widest operlure of of operlures indicote the distonce thot will UV TOPCOR 35 mm wide-ongle lens is be in focus qt fhese lens. opening. oltoched ond decreoses when the UV
TOPCOR 100 mm telephoto lens is used, l. Finding the deplh of field ! For ex-
bolh in comporison fo the stondord UV omple, if the lens opening is f 111 ond
TOPCOR 53 mm lens. ihe distonce focused is l0 meters (os in
The depfh of field of the lens con be utilized fhe illustrotion), reod the distonces op-
for getting pict'ures with bockgrounds or fore- posite the operture flll (the line be-
grounds ouf of focus, or for getting subiects fween 8 ond 16) on borh sides of the
in fhe foreground ond bockground shorply, or depfh of field scole which will show thot
for covering the deepest possible ronge in fhe depth of field extends from opproxi-
oction shots, etc. motely 4.5 meters fo infinity. On the
other hond, if greofer depth of fteld isDeprh of Fleld Scole: The depth of field required, see which lens opening willscole (9), on the lens borrel, is ulilized for cover the required field. lf, for ex-checking the scope of the depth of field be- omple, the zone should extend from 3couse if shows ol o glonce lhe zone of op- meters, it will be seen thot ll22 willporent shorpness of qny lens opening or give the required deplh of field which
dislqnce. will be from obout 3 meters fo infinity.
The depth of field scole is next to the dis- Of course, shutter speed will hqve to be
tonce scole (tZ) ond is mode up of identicql decreqsed lo compensole for the reduc-
2tView original page 27Page 28 · Read text
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tion in the effective omount of light. thon by increosing the focusing distqnce, or
2. Zone focusing: When it is required by using the UV TOPCOR 35 mm lens.
lo cover two subiecls ot different dis- Depth of Field Toble: For greoter oc-
I tonces from the cqmero, first focus on curqcy in the depth of field, becouse lhe
i the neorest subiect, for exomple, 2 depth of fteld scole ftgures ore in round
meters, ond then ihe forther subiect, soy, sums, use the depth of fteld tobles on poges
5 meters, both found with the distonce 23 to 30.
scole. Next, revolve the dislonce focus- ln oll instoncesr meosure the distonces from
ing ring until these distonces ore opposife the focol or film plone (indicoted by the identicol opertures (opprox. f/16, in this morking (14) on the comero's fop deck) to cose) ond use lhis lens opening for the the moin subiect.
shot.
For criticql pin-point shorpnessi olwoys use 3. Fost zone focuslng: When there is wide operture ond focus on fhe moin plone,
not enough time for finding the iwo becouse everything within fhe depth of field limits for the above zone focusing is not of equol shorpness bui, on fhe con-
meihod, focus on o subiect obout fwo- troryr grows less shorp os it gels forther
fifths of the woy inlo the required zone from the plone of focus. of shorpness ond choose on operture
which will give sufficient shorpness over
the whole field.
lncreose the depth of field, whenever possible,
by stopping down the lens opening rother
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