Praktica Super TL Русский язык User manual

www.butkus.us
         PENTACON
  PRAKTICA
        super TL
I,t HCTPyt{Uufl IIO OECJIv}tlt BAH  I,t K)

.l|era;ru ynpaBreHre KaMepu II PAKTH KA-cynepTL
  1  Ormerxa qyBcrBr4TeJrbHocTI{ nn€Hxr
    3agnux<xa sa4ueli creHKr4
   2)J  Knanurua u3llepeuus
 4  Kolrqo ycraHoBKI4 paccroflr:vls
 5  Yragarerl uyOuuu pe3Kocrl,t
 6 Komqo ycraHoBKr,r 4raQparurt
 7  flaugrsuli Ar,rcK AJruHrr nndnr<u
 B  Pyvxa o6parHolir repeMorKvt
 9  3ano4uoli pblqar
10  Pacqenra o6parnoli repeMorKl4
11   flausrrrrrir Ar,rcK Trdfla nnenxu
12  Cq€rqlrx r(aApoB
13  Cnycx
14  lorosxa ycraHoBKn
15  Aucx AJII ycraHoBKI4 qyBcrBI4TeJIbHocrn nadnxu
16  Merxa Arq ycraHoBKll BbIAePxKtl
17  CuuxporoHTaKT
18  forosxa odparuofi nepeMorKlt
19  3aguaa creHKa
20  llosoAox
21  fHegAo Kaccerbl
22  Kpuurxa Anq r4crorrHl{Ka roKa
23  Mecro npr4coeArrHeHut  txrarllBa
24  Croeqxa
25  Toqeqnaq MerKa
26     lI puulrrvrarcil{ar KarYIrrKa
27  Tpancuoprrapyroululi 6apa6aH
28  flponorounaq cxo6a

 lloa4pa uaervr Bac c npuo6pereHueu @oroKaMepbl n PAKTL4 KA-
 cynep TL vr oAHoBpeMeHno  o6pau{ael.rrcfl r Bam c npoclOola
 troJrb3oBarbc.s KaMepon qelecoo6paeuo. lloeromy He ropoilscb,
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 TaKrr npequgmos:nstit orlTuqecKl{ta nncrpymeHT l'oqHoli nnexa-
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 AJrrreJrbHoM rloJrb3oBa*r  r,T, w oHa nocrosHHo 6yger 4anat Ba;lr
 yAaqHbre @orocHntrxn. Ha BHyrpeHHI4x crpaHl4llax oOlo>xxrt
 r,rMeorcr ror{Hble nso6pa>xeHvrfl  Aeraltevt. B reKcre I4x HoMepa
 rrocraBJreHbr B Kpytnue cxo6xr.
                                                                                                              1

www.butkus.us Oco6ne nprrMerhr KaMepbr IIPAKTI4KA-cyuep TL


 o       IIPAKTI4KA-cyuep TL ssrfl,ercr r{eHrpoM coBpeMeH-
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o       floctosHHas roJroBKa AJrr ycraHoBKl,t BbrAep)KeK.
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           Hr,reM B Br{AorrcKareJle. Vls-ga r^aru''tufl, BogBparHoto
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2

o     Ane soslloN(Hocrl4 AJrr HaBoAKI4 Ha pegr(ocrb rrpl4
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        KaAp 14 HegKcnonrrpoBaHHbrx yqacrKoB u.r€nxr.

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o      Yupoqeure 3apsAKr4 nrenxoii ro crrcreM: unJIr.
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        20 MM 4o 1OO0 MM r4 apanquefi <[PAKTT4KA>, no
       6ommeli qacrr,t c aBToMaruqecxorZ Hax<rMuolZ gua:
           cpparmora.

                   npr[HaAJrex(uocrelZ                                     rkoncrpyxrr4BHoro'prAa',,a      Msoro
         <IIPAKTI4                   KA>.                                                                                                                                                                     ':              '    ',t    -    "|    .';    -'

Buitpennee n3MepeHre IIPAKTI4KA-cynep www.butkus.usTL
Xo4 ayuell 4aa nso6pa>Ketrfl npeAMera ctdrvrxu noABoAr4rct
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 c,rcTeMbr HaBoAKy Ha pe3r(ocTb uso6pa>xeuut. 9acrr cBeTa
 o6qero noJrr vtzo6paxewun HarrpaBJrrercrutg xoAa nyuera
 Br44oucKarerrfl Ha @oroconporl4BJreuue. OrpuqareJrbno   Brrrtfl,-
 lOIrIr4e Ha r43MepeEre AOIil4 CBeTa, Jrex(aqne BHe yrna [ont
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Bo BHnMaHue flBrrer^us rrpr cbeMKax c SunrrpoM, MaKpo- 14
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pa>Ke}lvt4 Br4Aor{cKaTeJIs cT pc JrK a I43Me pr4TeJrb  rr o ro MexaHr43M a
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KaMepbr. 3arvruxarcr qenb r43MepseMoro roKa Ha)KarI,{eM Ira
KnaBr4rrry r43MepeHXq.


Ilpunqrn aeficrnnn KaMephr IIPAKTI4KA-cynep TL
Ilpu uaxarlr.ta Ha cflycK 3epKaJro Bo3Bpara flepeBopaqr Bae"rcfl
c rroJlo)(crr\4s Ans, na6rrc4envfl, Ha rroJlo)KeHr{e cr€rvrxu. O,qno-
BpeMeHHo aBroMarl4qecKr4 3aKpblBaercs Hax(I4MHaq 4ua$parirra
o6texruna ,4o nu6paHHoro leaqervfl. llocle  cpa6arusauvn
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I,ICKaT€JI€   nocTotHHo-  3aBr4AHO.t{CKJITqeHI{eM IIpOAOJIN(I{TCJILII OCTI4 BbIAep}I(KI4-
Y xauep 3epKanbrrorl cucremu   ADKe npl4 I4crIoJIb3oBaIII{I4                                    -cMerrHblx o6rertunon xpalinux                            Soxycnrrx paccrorHura t4 B
 cBs.3r,l c npr6opaMv  Altfl, cteuxu sa dratgxttx paccroqrt flxHe BO3Hr4KaeT Hr4KaKOrO IIapaJrJlaKca.                           -
Wzolpaxewue B Br{Aor4cKareJle rreMHoro MeHbrxe $opvrara
KaApa. Bce, qro lorBJrr{ercs, Ha usodpa>Keruv B Br,{,4o'{cKar9Jre,
onpeAeJreuHo raKxe uso6pax<aercrr Ha nr€Hxe, TaK qro Bmner-
rroe llso6pax<eul4e ncnoJlr,3ycMo Ao cilvlblx KpacR.
4

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                                                  floApo6soe
                                                       onncallue
Orxpurr 3aArr0o creExy                          crp.10
3apsAxa trn€Exrr                                      cTp.10
Burarqru roJIoBKy o6parnorl nepeMorKn (18)
AO yflOpa. BloxuTb noJlHyro Kaccery B rHe3Ao
Kaccerbr (271. Bganvrrb roJroBKy o6paruora repe-
MorK'.r (18) o6parHo. llo4nrHyrr nr€Hxy cnoera
 gwx;aeil nep@opaqueil caepxy no croeqxy (z+l
Ha rpaHcroprupynuquir 6apa6au (27). ITpvt
eroM noJro)Kr4Tb nepegnufi xpalr o6pe3aHHoro
KoHrIa u€sxl,r Ha cepAeqHI,IK npl4Hupraroulela
KaryruKr4 (26) Ao roqeqsofi uerru (zs).
flponorovuar cxo6a (28) He Aonx(Ha 6rttr
HanpaBJrerra xnepxy!
3axpnrrn 3aArruo crenKy                              crp. 12

Ycranonurb qyBcrBnreJrbuocrb na6sxra             crp.12
llpuno4rrarb roJroBKy ycraHoBKr/r (14\ u noccp-
rryrb B aro6ou HanpaBJreHv,u. Crasqr 6enyxt
MerKy (r) na Kparo ycrauoBoqHoli rorosxv, (l+)
I I an pOTI4B COOTBeTCTByto qeta qyBCTBI/tTe  JIbIIO CTr{
nr€Hxra na ,4lrcxe (ts).

Ycragosurb  rrrtl nn0rrrn                               crp. 12
llanlsruufi Avtcr Tr na rldHru (tt) noropaqi,t-
Balor Ao conpI,IKocIIoBeHI4q noAxoAslrlero  cI4i\,I-
BoJra c xpacHola roqxotZ.
,[eaarn Bce Anff roroBrrocrn x crdrrxe            crp. 14
.[el:rcrnyror cnycKoM (13) n 3aBoAHr,rM pblqa-
rorvr (g) Ao rex nop, rroKa cqiirqux xa4pou (12)
IIe noKa>I(er <1>.

www.butkus.us




                                                      flo.qpoOnoe
                                                               oIIEcaHr{e
Vcranonnrb BbIAepIu(y                                  crp. t6
foronxy ycrauoBKtl (r+) uorepnym (ue npra-
no4HvrMas.!) lo   cJl4flHr4fl, ntt6paHuota BbI-
AepxKH c KpacHbIM rpeyroJlbunxotr  (r0).

Ycranonurb qrcJlo 4na$parmn                    crp.18
YcrauosoqHoe KoJIbIIo gua@parrurt (0) y o6t-
er(Tr,rBa rroBepHyrb Ao rex [op, noKa nu6pau-
Hoe qr4cJro Aua$parrrlbl He 6y4er Ha[port{B
xpacnoft MerKtI.
Anrouarnra BnAepxffitr                                crp. 20
flpegoapureJrbuo ycraHoBI4rb BbIAepx(Ky trnl4
4r,ra$parmoBoe qltcro. Aansr Ha KJIaBI4txy r43-
MepeHrrr (3). nptt Haxaroft KJIaBI4ITIe [3Me-
Hstor Avra$parmonoe qucilo vnm BbIAepxKy,
noKa crpeJlKa r3MepI4TeJIbHorO MexaHI43Ma He
6yaet HaxoAI{Tct Ha uao6paxesvvr B Br{Ao-
r4cKareJre rro ce peAI4He K pyrood paaH oil Ma pi(r{-
poBKrl.
@oxycrpoBaHtre uroOpaxenur                        erp. 24
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Ao norBJlenufr. Ha xpyroo6pa3HoM npI43MeH-
HoM MrrKpopacrpe pe3Koro vrzo6paxenun.

cnycr 3aBoA r 3arBopa                                  crp. 28
Haxaru Ha crycK (13). llocne cpa6aruBarr  fl
3arnopa na ueo6pa>Keruu B BI4AoIlcKareJIe uo-
sBrqercs xpacuufi cI4rHaJI. CleAyet orKI4AbI-
Bal:ve 3aBoAHoro pblqara (9) ao ynopa v or'
BoA ero o6paruo.

IIoApo6noe
                                                                                   ollucan'/le
       Cuesa uailsrr                                            crp. 30
         flocre nocregneri creprxlr Haxarb Ha pacqen-
        ry o6pamori nepeMorxr  (ro). Orxrnym pyrrKra
        o6paruoft nepeMorKr,r (8) sa roJroBKe (18) 06-
        parnolZ repeMorKn. flepervrotam un€nxy B
       HaupaBJreHrn crpenKrr. Orrpurr 3aAHrcto
        crcuKy (tg). Bsuryrb rrs KaMepbr Kaccery.

        Cnresa odrerrrna                                       crp. 32@
       Cr€ura c rcuonb3oBanreM ocnerrrenrnofi        crp. 3.t
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          flprna4;rerrtEocrrr                                       crp. 38@oo

9ra KparKaff r4ncrpyKr{ns cxeToe o6o6qeHne sax<Heriurx
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                                                                   9

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3agnrxxy saAHerZ crerrKr4 (z) orognruyrb B rrarpaBJrenr4r4 crpeJr-
ru. Pacxpurb 3aAurcro creHKy. flpu etou cqdr.rrr xa4por (12)
aBToMaTr4qeCK,l BO3BpaIqaeTCr B'tCXOAHOe IIOJTOX(eHrre.





Kauepy IIPAKTI4KA-cynep TL uoxso saprx€Tb r,cewv rrrra-
Mr4 nep$opnposaHHori 35-MM. rvranoSopruafirol,r nl€nxu B
o6nqnnx B ToproBJre crauAaprnbrx Kaccerax. flocleAnrae co-
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o6patzuofi naenru AJrr rlBerHbrx Ara[o3rrr4BoB.
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BbrrroJrHrrb 3apflAKy nr€srr npil npsMoM coJrHeqHoM cB€T€:
coOcrnennas TeHb yxe AocraroqHa.
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>l<l4Tb KacceTy B cBoe rHe34o (211 v     fipvt oAHoBpeMeHHoM                                     - roJIoBKrr (18)    [oJI-o6parno-nocryrrareJrbHoM ABv>r.erun
Hocrbrc BAaBr4Tb ee onrrb o6parHo B KaMepy. noso,qox (20)
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croelZ suxcselZ uep$opaqreli cBepxy noA croeqKy (241 Ha
rpaHcnoprupynryufi 6apa6au (271. IIpu eroM noJloxl,rrb re-
pegwuir rpalZ o6pe3aHHoro KoHIIa nrdnxr Ha cepAeqHilK rpr-
                                                                (zs).uruaroqefi KarymKr (20) lo roqequoi uexu
flporolovsas cxo6a (ze) He AoJrxHa 6rrrr HanpaBJreHa xnepxy   !



10

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3arpurr 3aAHtoro creHKy (19) 14 KpenKo trprxarb 3dnupaarcfl
caMa.





flpuuo4nmr ronoBKy ycraHoBKr4 (14't t [oBepHyrb B Jrro6oM
HanpaBJrenrlr{. flpu erom HaxoArlqulics noA Heli Arcx (15)
ocraercr Ha Mecre. Benyro MerKy (1) na Kparc ycranonounota
roJIoBKlt (14) craBflT Hanporr{B coorBercrBytoqeli  qyBcrBI4-
reJrbHocret nr€nxr na Arcxe (ts). flpr onycKaruu roJIoBKI4
ycraHoBKr,r (14) ona gauleJrKrBaercr..




 fla&rgtHnri ,qrcx (rr) HanoMr4naer, KaKrlM TrlnoM nnOnxr Brr
 3apfiAnnu KaMepy. Coorsercrnynuruli eaprxenuolZ udnxe
crrMBoJr ycraHaBJrnBaor rrport4B xpacnofi MapKrpoBoqsoli
 MerKr4. flo neft Brr so BcrKoe BpeMr Mo)Kere y6eguttcn B ToM,
 Kar(oro runa nlenKa HaxoAnrcfl B K2Mep€:
Ha narvr.srHoM AIdcKe AnrrHbI ur€nxu (71 Btt MoxeTe orMerrlTb
KoJrrdqecrBo Bo3MoxHbrx Ha 3aprxeHHoli nr€nre ctEmox.
YctanasrttBanT pytlKy naMtTHoro AItcKa (71 Ha cooTBeTcrBylo-
qee qvcro (12, 20 utu  36t-.


12

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flonepnyrr saro4uoft pbrqar (9) lo ynopa r orBoAl4rb ero o6-
parHo. (Bunorurrb ABI4)KeHI4e 3aBoAHoto pblqara roJrbKo B Ha-
flpaBireHr,rr4 SaBoAa: H?clrJrbcTBeHHoe ABtDKeHI4e B odpaTHoM
HanpaBJreHuu npvBeAeT K noBpe>rAenrsivr  !)
Haxarr na cnycx (13).
B npe4ornpail1eHue HeyMbrrrrJreHnoro Hax.arufl crycKa (1S) oH
crraOxeu 6roxupouxoli. Cnycr 6roxnponan, Kor4a KpacHat
roqKa Ha rorroBKe r{ onpaBe crorr Apyr nporr{B Apyra. floso-
poroM KHonKll na 90o 6noxuponxa  cnflTa.
Brtxenglox(eHHyro otrepallr4ro gaBoga rr cnycKa [oBTopr4Tb 14
elqe pag gaBoAr4Tb. IIpu eronrr roJroBKa o6parnoir nepeMoTKr4
 (18) Bparqaercs nporrlB HarrpaBJreHr{r ABr,rxeHr,rq qacoso/
 cTpeJrKr4.
Teuepr aBToMavrqecxuit cqer.rr4r (12) noxasuBaeT srrcJro KaApa
<1>. Oco6ofi ycranonxn cqerqrKa He rpe6yercr, TaK KaK oH
npn 3aKpblTttil ga4laeft ctenxn aBToMaruqecKr4 rrpuroroBJleu K
csoefi @ynxquu.





14

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 Cnycx BogMo)KeH            Cuycx 6loxuponan


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Cnycx Hesoglrox(eu   !           Karrepa roroBa x crdrvrxeBsno4um 3aTBop

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 Illeleaoli 3arBop nPAKTI4KA-cyuep TL uognolner no4o6parr
 BbrAepxKn or 1 ceK Ao rls91 cex. VcranoBKa Ha <Br 4at ct€uxu
c nto6ori AnureJrbuoli nugepxxofi. (3arsop ocraercr orKpbrrbrM
B npoAonxeHr4e Ha>Karnfl. Ha cnycK l73l uttu npu noMorrln 3a-
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Yctauonra Arfl ct€nnox c ucnoJrb3oBaHrreM ocseruremHou
 BcnhlruKrr c*r. paagea <O>.

 I4llaetouluecfl sa ycraHoBoqHofi KHonKe qr4cJra o3uaqanr Bbr-
 [€px<K]r:
KpacEbre q'|cra    npoAonxr,rTeJrbHbre BbrAepxKr4                  - (Br,     1 :                                                     :   l/e ceK, 15         1 ceK, Z:lZceK,4                                -  L/a CaK,8                                                           -    tf 6CeK;   gTr,tx                                          [rTaTr4BoM.B            HyxHo noJrb3oBaTbcq       Cnyqatx

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500 :    t/soo cex.

fpa4aqnr BbrAepxeK TaKoBa, rrro [epecraHoBKa Ha oAHy cry-
neHb AaeT yABoeHne uJru nolroBr{Hy BbIAep)r(Kr4.
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ycraHoBKr4 (14), noxa coorBercrByloqee qr4cro He 6yAer npo-
Tr{B KpacHoli rpeyronbHorz merrr (16).
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Ilun BbIAepxKr{, TaK qTO HeyMbrrrrJreHHoe ee [3MeHeHr{e r4cKJrlo-
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He nprnoAHtJrr4 roJroBKy ycTaHonxr (14): B€,(€T K nepecTaHoBKe
qyncrBr4reJlbHocrrr nr€nxra. Brt4e pxxa y cr anaBrnBaeTcr n e peA
nnrr nocJre 3aBoAa 3aTBopa.




16

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V o6rerrrBoB c aBToMarr4rrecKorl gax<rusori guaSparivroir  s
KaMepe IPAKTI4KA-cyuep TL 4ocraroquo rocraBr{rb nu6paH-
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 xvt. P,tn 3roro rtv.eercfl KHonKa Aua@parrvrvpoBarus. BpyqHyrc.





18

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20

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[uanasou nauepenrli y KaMephr IIPAKTI4KA-cyuep TL
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Bne yxaaaHHoro Auana3ora npr4 Kar(Aoi r{yBcrBr,rreJrbHocrr4
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KaKoM CJryqae Ha HaAJTK)6ae'tcs orKJroHeHr4r crpeJrKr4 Mexa-
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22

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Boro MexaHr4gMa. Onu ne npr(MeHI4MbI, TaK KaK BocflpenrrcrBy-
toT cflycKy 3arBopa.





 flprennennr;.il nu[ovrcKareJrb fIPAKTI4KA-cynep TL ocsaqen
BblcBeqrdBarorqefi nusgoit @penelr. Bpaulenueu y o6textlrna
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reJrbHo cnoxoligrtx crcxeroe ct€N,Ixu.
24

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 a c[paBa, rAe oHa KoHqaeTcq.
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nocJre npoBeAeHHoro onpeA e ilevme, gKcno3tlllttlt.
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xeHrro nJrocKocrr4 r43o6pax(esms.. Tax xax creuoqnruZ o6tex-
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oOrexrrna, qeM npoeqr{poBaHHoe BrrArrMbrM cBeroM    orHo-                                                            -cureJlbHo cBoero noJrox(egrrs r nn€sxe.
26

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 flepe,q c[ycKoM npocr4M npilHrlr4fluaJrbHo nprlHr4Marb Bo BHrl-
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 1. uponepr4rb Ae6JroKr4poBKy crycKa (cm. pas4er E);
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ero o6parno (c*r. pasgen E).
Tenepr r(aMepa cHoBa roroBa x cr€mre.





28

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KorAa cqdrqrax (12) noxasbrBaer orMeqeHHoe Ha ynaKoBKe sa-
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uru     ecJrrl 3arBop ylKe 6nn sane4eH   cnycKa (tg) pacqenxa
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onr,rcaHHbrM o6paaoru [oAAaercr o6paruora nepeMorKe.





30