Pt. 2 Product booklet

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                                     TT{E  PI{OTOGRAM.                           r43

                  bling  blocks  in  this process which  the  writer  dwelt     fession,   it"   -unrrfucture   would   offei  serious   obsta-
                up9n.--  I_ would,  however,  point   out, with  modesty     cles, but  they  will   find  the  egg-glue  formula,  as  I
               and  all due  regard   for the experience   of  the  write;,     have modified   it, give them  excellent  results.    In the
                   that  ihe formula  he gives as his  own  is  yet  far from    coating   of  the  plates  with   the  enamel,  beginners
                being  complete.      If  the  readers   of  The  photograru        rvill make the mistake  of getting  too much  on, and
             who  are  interested    in  the  copper  enamel  pr:ocess   as a guide  in  this  part  of  the  work,    I find  from  per-
                      will  quietly  consider  a few  faciJ which      I  will   point     sonal experience  that a film  of much  the same con-
                 out with  reference  to the ingredients   of  this egg glue    sistency  as given  by  collodion  comes near enough    i ffinffi  formula,  they  will  (especial\z  after  a trial)  find  tfiere     to  rvhat   is  wanted   in  the  enamel  process.    After
                      i-s something   lvanting,  and  that  the wani   is  a  very     coating   the  plate,    it  should  be  set  to  dry  in  a
               decided one.   In the  first  place,  if we  heat albumen    thoroughly   level  position  at  a distance  far  enough
                    t3go  F., we  will   find  that   it loses its liquid  form,    above a coal or gas stove to dry   it  in from  five to eight              1o
t f 8            becoming  coagulated and  insoluble   in  water.    Thi;     minutes.       If  the  enarnel has  been  properly   com-
                 feature   in  itself  must  entirely  preclude  the  use of    pounded,  and  the  drying  properlv  done,  the  plate
 h;           egg albumen  in any  enamel  formula,  as  the heating    should show  a film  of  a beautiful  glossy  nature-in
                   of  the  copper_ plate  after  coating  would   in  every    every sense an enamel.
               €ase,  to  obtain   successful   result=.  coasulate  the      The  principal   thing  now  to  be noted  is  not  to
                alburnen, and therefore make   it  an  impos5lUtity    tbr    place your  half tone negative, whrch  may have been
                a free development  of  the  photo-tone  image  on  the    standing   in  some  cold  corner,  upon  the  enamel
                copper-plate.   Those  who  have  already   tried   this    copper   until   they  are  of  the  same  temperature.
                formula  know  whereof    I speak.-been   Thosl  who  have    These  particulars,   slight  as they seem, are of  para-
                 not  tried  it, and who  have       engaged  in any  of   mount  importance.
                 the zinc-etching  methods,  will  bear  in remembrince         'Ihe exposure,   I  find, varies  from  one  minute   in
                 the tenacity  of  the albumen  coating  and  its wholly     clear June sunshine under  a wet  plate  negative  to
                 insoluble  nature  when  developing   the  inked  plate,     fifteen  minutes   in  dull,  cloudy  weather   at  the same
                 the  success  of  the  process  being:due   mostly^to   a    time  of year.   But    it  is better  to expose a little  over
                  well  coagulated  film  of albumen.-                         than  under.    After  exposure     it  simply   requires   to
                The  essential  features   in the  copper  enamel  pro-    be washed   in a tray  of water,  brushing   slightly  with
                 cess,  however,  require   a  film   of  an- entirely   diifer-     a camel's-hair  brush  as development  proceeds.     If
                 €nt  nature,  the  principal   characteristics   of  which     the exposure  has been correct, and the  enamel  pro-
                 rngs! !9  their  opposites,  viz.,  .,Solubility,,   and  ,, In-     perly  prepared,  a first-class  picture   will  be the result
                   solubility."    Other  points   of  excellence  which  the    -sharp   and  incisive over the whole  plate-nothing
              compound  must  possess  in  a high  degree   is  great    broken  in  the  gelatine  image.     If  the  development
                     flexibility                                                                                                                    and                 ttburnin€f  in,'.of. film,and  fitocooling"withstandprocesses.the  ,,developing,',Any  com-    doesclean notout proceedslowly,  easily,it  is a butsign seemsthat  tothehangglue backused                                                                                                                                                                              is
               pound,  therefore,  using such an abnormal  amount  of    entirely  unadapted  to the  purpose,  and  any  matter
               albumen  as our correspondent    of  the  Artist   Printer     added  to  the  glue  with   the  expectation   of  over-
                designates  in his  formula,  will  never  attain  success.    coming  this  feature,  shoukl  be done  with  care and a
               as used in the every-day  acceptance of the word,  as    consideration  of after  results.
               he  will  assuredly  spoil more  plates  than  a  practical         In the   t' burning   in " of  the  image,  after  develop-
                working   establishment   can well   afford  to  lose. even    ment, the only  difficulty  that has  to  be met   is  thit
                              if we consider waste time  of no consequence.              of keeping  the film on the  plate.  To  facilitate   this
                Those  of your  workers  who  are of an investiga-          I here  give a receipt    I have  used  in my  own  prac-
                   ting  _nature, and  have  a  knowledge    of  chemistiy,       tice, and  find  with my own  compound   entirely   suc-
                       will  find much   satisfaction   in  preparing   the  enam-el    cessful.
                  fornrula  minus   the  eggs,  and   half  again  as much                             Rrcnrpt.
                  w1!e-. as  stipulated    in  your  January   article.    This         Alcohol'Water                                  ro  parts.
                      will  leave the amount  of enamel   of  eiactlv   the same                               ...                         2      tt
                  .quantity,  therefore  the  sensitive  salts  will  remain    Ten minims  of chrome alum  solution  and one minim
               about  the same.     I  would   also point  out  a feature     giycerine  to each ounce  of above.   Flow   the  plate
               which   is worthy   of consideration, more especially  to    three  or  four  times  after  development,  and  allowt               those who are workers   in a small  way,  and prepare     plate  to dry  in a level position.
                 the enamel only  at  lengthy  intervals,  that  they  sub-      The   plate   beinp;  thoroughly    dry,  commence   to
                   stitute  fcr ammonium  brchromate  the  less  seirsitive       " burn  in."   For  this  to  be  easily  and  successfully
                  but more  stable potash  salts.   The enamel  prepared     done, an atmospheric  gas-stove, consisting  of a series
                      'rvith   these  salts   will   be  more  susceptible    in   its     of three  circular  jets  one  within   the  other,  should
                sensitiveness   to  the  action   of  Iight   for  a  longer    be used, and a $ or quarter.inch   iron plate placed on
                 period, when  enamel compounded  with   the  others     top.  By  this arrangement   the plate can be uniformly
                -would have become insensitive  and useless.           heateC and the image   " burned   in  "  evenly through-
                      In an experience  ranging  over  four  years,    I have     out;   such  stoves have  an  individual   top  to  each
                 investigated  many  vehicles  and  substances, putting     cicle of jets, which  admits  of  the process being  car-
              them  through  hundreds  of experiments  in an endea-     ried  through   with   the minimum   of  trouble,   the
                 vor   to   obtain  an enamel  easv  of  workins   and    work  in  this instance, and  by such  an arrangement,
                  reliable  in  its results.                                 becoming a pleasure and enjoyment  which  otl.rerwise,
                Amongst   the many substances   I  trie

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     xlv                       TT{E  PI{OTOGRA]TT.

                      (L'ottttntted frotm page x.)
     while   another   suggests  that we  change   orlr
    title   frorn  Photo-grant-   to   photo-tott,  because  the
  magazine contains so much good  matter.

    A rnistortune turned  to good account  is  ilh_rstrated
   o'  tl-ris-page. On the Sth  J.rly, t893, a hailstorm  of
   untrstral violence, and  rvith  hailstoies   of  unusual
   s,-r-gl passecl over  Richmoncl,  Yorks,   clestroyi.g   a
   rnillio'          _panes  of glass, and amongst  them  those  i'
  the sttrclio of  IIr.  H. J. I\Ietcalfe, of Richmond.    This
  gentlernan  forthu'ith  made  a  little  pile  of  the hail-
  stones, photographed  them,  actual  iire,  offerecl the
  photograrns (roX8   ol  large mount)  at 2s. each, post
  free  2s.  3d., and  sold  thotisancis.- Even   to  othe.
  photographers  rvho make  a window   clisplay, a print
  might  prove  usefirl for attracting  attention.





                                                                                                                                                                                                          a
  IDrepaiDEtDpertigement5,                                                                                                                                        r f l c f { E ' 3





             DEPOSIT SYSTEM.
.f-or th.c.pt'otcction o,f both but,ars and  scllcrs zuhenr{ealin-o          slrattgct-s,                             it'c at.c                                    zr,il/tttg to                                          rccciz,c,                                                                          .;                                                                               ,i;ii:;t;';ii,    pA,,,ifi,,?1,!tg'1,tjl                      arliclc                              ad;.ct'tisu{,                                un                                                                cott-                                                 thc' foltozuing
                                                                                             (Continttcd  on page  xvi.;

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                             TEE. PTTOTOGRAM.

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          Tones exceed.ingly rlelicate, ranging from warru sepia to so{t black.
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