Canon F-1 WINDER User manual

Canont-l System
The systembuilt around the F-1, from its initial
stages,is designedto satisfy all possiblephoto-
graphic needs.Both versatilityand variety were
prime concerns for, Canon's planning and
designing  staff. The  system's ten thousand
componentparts were all built with a degreeof
accuracywhich the complete interchangeability
of the system requires.Furthermore,tests have
demonstratedthat the reliability of the Canon
F-1 and its accessoriesis to an extent as of yet
unmatchedby any other product in the photo-
                              'sgraphic industry.The F-1  accessories,including
powerfuI motor drive systeffis,a unique Servo
EE Finder,the BoosterT Finder for dim light
situations, the F ilm Chamber 250 and the
incomparable F D  series of  interchangeable
lenses,lend the versatilityto the F-1 that makes
the F-1 and all-embracingphotographic system.


                                                                                                                                                                                                 ffi                                                                                                                              \uWr

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I  Canon Booster T Finder with electronic timer for insufficient
                                                          light photographyFourMainAccessories    I  Canon Servo EE F inder for shutter priority EE photography
                                                                                           I  Canon Motor Drive Unit and Motor Drive MF fortimer photog-
                                              raphy and high speed photography.
                                                                            r  Canon F ilm Chamber 25O f or shooting 25O f rames
                                    Unmanned photography is possible in combination of these
                                          accessones.





*For details, pleaserefer to pages 49-52.

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Welcometo the largefamily of well satisfiedF-1
owners. The  F-+, olong with  its seemingly
endfessarray of features and accessoriesfor use
in the home, the laboratoryor for professional
work, is the product of many years of studious
research coupled with  the development of
Canon'ssuperiorcameratechnology.The Canon
F-1 epitomizesthe high quality and performance
standardsthat Canon prides itself in. We at
Canon hope that you make the most of your
new F-1 and have many rewardingexperiences
with your F-1 system.

B e f o r e U s i n g . . ,
Pleaseread this instruction booklet thoroughly,
familiarizingyourself carefully with the F'1,
master the  basic functions of  the camera
completelyand you will be readyto fully utilize
your new F-1.



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' ! , , . ' . ' . '        f i a * n
      U d l g
 " i i t u d r
r  Type: 35mm single-lensreflexcamerawith focal planeshutter.Pictureiize:24 x 36mm.
r  ldterchangeableLinses: Canon FD serieslenseswith aperturesignallever.FL and R series
of lensesarealsocompatible.
r  StandardLens: canon Fo 55mm f/l.2 S.S.c.,FD 50mm f/1.4 S.S.c..or FD 50mm f/1.8
S.C.
r  Viewfinder: Removablepentagonalprism viewfinder. Interchangeablewith Servo EE
Finder,BoosterT Finder,SpeedFinder,Waist-LevelFinder.
r  Viewfinder Attachmenti: Angle Finders A2 and B, Magnifier R, Dioptric Adjustment
Lenses,EyecupR, Rubber Eyepiece'lehs,  Ring.
.   foilring  Sir."n, Fresnel    standa-rdf_o,cusingglassw,ith split-image/microprismrange-
findel-ind Eigfrtottrerinterchangeabletypes.With meteringbeam-splittingcondense_r'
r  Field-of-V-iew: 97"/oof actuafpciturearea.0.77X magnificationwith standard50mm lensat
infinity.
i   finfoer Information: Meter needle and aperture needle,outside shutter speedcoup.ling
rangeindicator,stopped-downmeteringand battery check,shutter speedscale,meteringlimit
marks.-bioptri.
i     -i+2,-n+i.5,Adjustment Lenses: Viewfinder with lenslessring (R-1); interchangeablewith
n+5,           R+t, R+o.s, R0, R-0.5, R-2, R-3, and R-4. diop^tricadiustmentlenses'
i  Mirroi, Ouick return mirior witfr shock-abiorbingmechanism.'Possibleto lock mirror in
up-position,requiringmanualoperationof the aperture.
r. LensMount: Canonbreech-lockFD mount.
r  Function: FD lenses;Full aperturemetering,automatic diaphragrnoperation.FL lenses;
Stopped'downmetering,automaticdiaphragmoperation'Rlenses;stopped-downmete
manually-Siiuiie.,'operateddiaphragm.
I          Focal pldnes6utterusinga superthin titanium screen.Designedfor eliminationof
functioningnoise.Possibleto lock shutterreleasebutton.
f  Sf,uitJi"SpeeOOirt, With shutter scalesand ASA film speedscales.Two couplingpinsfor
setting attachmentsare provided.                    '2OAO.                               Multipleseries.Equiintervalindex.X contactat "60"'..  Sfritier Speeds:B, 1'-1
I  Film SpeedScale: ASA 25-3200
r  Self-Tiher: Built-in.Activatewith shutterreleasebutton. Approx. 10 sec'time lag'
r  ExposureAdjustingMechanism: Built-in.Usinga CdS photocell.Coupledto shutterspeeds,
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film speedsand f/stop. Match needletype, TTL full aperturemeteringmechanism.Centralarea
       metering systern, measures 12% of  the  picture area. Stopped-down metering possible.
      Stopped-downleverand index. Lockingof the leverpossible.
          r  ExposureMeterCouplingRange: With ASA 100 film, EV 2.5 (tl1.2at 1/4 sec.)toEV 18
        lf/11 at 1/2000sec.).
             I  MeterBattery: One1.35Vmercurybattery.
            I  BatteryChecker: Built-in.
          r TTL  Full Aperture Metering System EE: Servo EE Finder and Battery Case in
      combination.Full aperturemeteringwith FD lens.
          r  Ultra-low lllumination Metering: Meteringpossiblewith ASA 100, betweenEY 15 lf/22 at
      1/60 sec.)and EV -3.5 (f/1.2 at 15 sec.),and with useof the BoosterT Finder.
            I  SynchronizedFlash: FP and X contact.Automatic time lagadjustingtype.
            I  FlashSocket:On body side.
            I  AccessoryShoe: FlashCouplersD, L.
          r  CanonAuto Tuning (CAT) System: Diaphragmcontrol by rechargecompletionsignaland
      focusingdistancesignal.Proper aperture is determinedwith the buitt-in mirror by using- the
       Speed-lite133D, Flash-AutoRing A2/Bz, FlashCouplerL and the prescribedFD lens.
          r  SynchronizingRange: FP class:1|2OOO-11125sec.and 1/30 sec.or slower.Speedlite:1/60
       sec,or slower.M, MF class:1/30 sec.or slower.
            I  Film Loading: With multislitfilm spool.
          r  Film Winding: Short-strokewindihg possible.Single operation 139o winding lever.Play:
       30-
            I  Film Rewinding: Performedby rewind button and crank.
          r  Multiple Exposure: Possibleby operatingfilm rewind button.
            I  BackCover: Removablefor Film Chamber250.                                                                                                                                                                            .*$
          r  Bottom Cover: Removablefor a Motor Drive Unit or Motor Drive MF.                                                                        ir
          r  FrameCounter: Additive.self-resettingtype activatedby openingbackcover.
            I  Size:99.5x 146.7x 49.5mm(3-15/16"x5-3/4" x 1-15/16")
          r  Weight: Body: 8459 (1  lb. 13-13/16 ozs.).With FD 50mm f/1.4S.S.C.Lens:1,1509
       (2 lbs.8-9/16ozs.)l
                                                           Subjectto changewithout notice.


                                                                                                                sIr"

Followthesesimplesteps
      for
l{ormalphotography:

I  louo the film. (Seepages15-17.)





2 Setthe ASA film speed.(Seepage25.)

3 Windthe film advancelever.(Seepage18.)





4 Removethe lenscap.

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5 Look through the viewfinder and focus.
  (Seepage31.)

6 Composethe picture.

          n                                                      Htq                                                 @l


7 Determinethe exposurewith built-in meter.
  (Seepages26-28.1





I  Pressthe shutterreleasebutton gently.

lt|ercuryBatteryLoadingandChecking
The built-in exposure meter of the Canon F-l functions
only when the mercury battery is properly loaded-
  l  lnsert  a  coin   into  the  groove  of  the  battery
  I compartment cover and turn  it to the left to remove
the cover.
    Insert the battery into the compartment negativepole  I E first.
  !  Replace the compartment cover and turn to the right
 u to tighten.
 a  Before inserting.the battery, wipe off fingerprints or
   rins on the battery poles with  'a dry cloth. Unclean
 poles may causecorrosion and damage the camera.
 I  A 1.35V H-D mercury battery should be used -  a
 Mallory PX-625 or Eveready EPX-625 is recommended.
 Do not use 1.4V mercury batteries.
 I  Be sure to insert the battery in the correct direction.
 Otherwise,the meter will not function properly and the
 cover cannot be screwed'in.
  I   1f the camera will not be used for an extended length
 of time, the battery should be taken out of the battery
 compartment to prevent possible damage to the termi-
 nals from battery corrosion.



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Filmloading
The Canqn F-1 acceptsany standard35mm film roll in a
daylight loading cartridge. Be sure not to load film  in
direct sunlight.
   Pull up the film rewind crank as far as possiblewhile I  I pressingthe safety button. The cover will then open.
 I Open the cover fully. Place the film cartridge in the6  film compartment so that the emulsified surface will    I
face the lens when the film  is unwound as illustratedon
page 14. Push the film rewind crank down. The crank
fork  will slip into the film cartridge. In case the crank
does not fully return, turn  it slightly to the left or right.
   Pull the film out from the cartridge and insert the t
u  film tip into the slit of the film take-up spool.





                                             r5

I  Turn the film advancelever and wind the film around'l   the film take-up spool.
E Check to insure-that the teeth of both the take-up
d spool and the film advance sprocket are engaged by
the perferationsin the film.
f, Close the back cover.  lf  the  film   is sagging, the
u cartridge will rise and the back cover will not close,
 I  Leave the lens cap on and take two blank shots, each
 f  time turning the film advance lever and releasingthe
shutter. The frame counter will advance from the "S"
mark lo  ".". With one more advance,the camera will be
ready for the first shot.

Memo Holder ,
The memoholderon the camera'sbackcoveris useful
for keepingdatalikefilm speed,location,shooting.For
example, after tearing off the part of the film box which
specifies the type  of  the  film  being used,  it can be
inserted into the memo holder as a constant reminder.





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CheckingCorrect Film Loading.
The film  is properly loaded and advanced if the film
rewind crank rotates when you wind the film advance
lever. lf the film rewind crank does not rotate, take out
the film and reload.
Setting the Film Speed
When loading the film, be sure to set the film speed scaleat the proper position.                                                              bI
Repackinga Bulk-LoadedFilm
 lf  you  are using   f ilm  that  has not  been wound
commercially, be sure to  trim  the  tip  of  the lead
between perforations.





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FilmWinding
The film advancelever winds the film, cocks the shutter,
and prepares the diaphragm and mirror  for  the next
shutter releaseall in one motion.
 1 Turn the film advance lever until  it stops' The film
  I  wilt be advanced one frame and the shutter cocked'
The frame counter  is simultaneously advanced to the
next number.
  When the shutter releasebutton is pressed,the mirror
    flips up, the diaphragm closes down  to  the preset
f/stop and the shutter operates. The advance lever can
then be wound for the next frame'
 r  Be sure to set the shutter lock lever at "A"'
 I  Winding may' be accomplished by moving the lever
 with severalshort strokes.
 I    lf the shutter does not function, check to make sure
 the winding process is completed as the shutter will not
 function unlesswinding is completed.





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FrameCounter
Each winding will advance the number of the frame
counter, indicating the number of pictures taken. When
the back cover  is opened, the counter automatically
returns to the starting position "S".

Safety Device for Shutter
When the shutter lock lever around the shutter release
button  is turned to the "L"  position, the shutter button
is locked and will not move. This device is especially
useful in preventing an accidental shutter release of a
wound camera.

Attaching the Cable Release
The optional Canon Cable Releasecan be attached to
the F-1 by screwing it  into the threaded hole in the
center of the shutter releasebutton. Even if the shutter
lock lever is at the "L"  position, the shutter will operate
when using the cable release.





                                                  r9

ShutterandApertureAdiustment
Exposure is adiusted by  the  shutter speed and the
aperture. The shutter speed controls the exposure time
and the aperture controls the amount of incoming light.
Shutter SpeedDial
Adjustthe shutterspeedby turningthe shutterspeed
dial to the desired speed as indicated by the numbers on
top  of  the  dial. The  dial cannot be turned between
"2OOO" and "8". The numbers on the shutter speed dial
correspond  to  shutter  speeds between 1|2OOO of  a
second and one second counting counterclockwise on                 '''3'1                   position, indicating bulb exposure, isthe dial. The
used when making exposures of more than one second.
Thus, when set at "B",  the shutter remains open as long
as the shutter releasebutton is depressed.
I  Be sure to  set the  dial  at one  of  the  click-stop
positions. At the "8"  position, adjust'it to the white dot
just below "B".
I  When it is necessaryto make a time exposure, first set
the shutter speed dial at "B". Keep the shutter release
button depressed and turn the time lock lever to "L".
Thus, the shutter will remain open even if the finger is
removed from the button. When the lever is returned to
"A",  the shutter closes.
r  Time exposure is also possible by using a lockable
cable release.
 I    lt  is possible to perform extended exposuresof up to

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'Apertu re
ApertureRing           Scale             30 seconds by using the optional Booster T  Finder, a
                                      super sensitivemeter finder for measuringsubjects under
                      Coupling Pin to      dim light.
                      Flash-AutoRing           t  The "60"  position  is the X synchronization speed,                                A 2 l B 2
                                          the  highest shutter speed which  can be used with
                                           electronic flash units such as the Canon Speedlite, and
                                          the fastest shutter speed at which the entire film area is
                                    exposed at once. Although 1/60th of a second does not
                                 seem to  be a really fast shutter speed, the effective
                                                               , , A "        exposure time  is equivalent to a flash oI 1/1000th of a
                        M A r K   second  or  faster.  This  speed allows  the  extreme                                     (for EE
                              photography) quickness of  the electronic flash to expose the entire
                                              film.
                              Aperture
                                    Incoming light and depth-of-fieldare adjusted by turning
                        EE Lock     the aperture ring to the desired f/stop.
                             P i n                                 A number scale, which has become the international
                                        standard, has been devised to express the size of the
                                        aperture in  relation  to  the  focal  length of  the lens
                                   whereby the aperture size is divided by the focal length
                                               of the lens until the numerator of the resulting fraction
                                                      is reduced to one. Thus, the magnitude of these fractions
                                                      is inversely related to  the size of the aperture, i.e., a
                                          larger number on the scale signifies a smaller aperture
                                        while a smaller number signifiesa larger aperture.Since
                                      both circular area and linear dimension are involved in
                                        the computation  of  this  scale, an aperture, usually
                                     termed a full f/stop, is one-half or twice as large as the
                                       adjacent apertures indicated by the scale.
                                                                                         2 l

r  The  aperture ring  of  most Canon FD  lenses is
equipped with click-stops for  full and 112 f lstops, but
can be set between these click-stops.
t  The maximum aperture of a lens may not be oneincluded by the international standard. lf  it is not, the                                   I
second f/stop will not designate an aperture one-half as
small as the first f/stop.
I  The relation between the aperture and the amount of
light entering, using f /2 as the base, is as follows:

f/stops*:
1 . 2 1 . 4 1 . 8  2  2 . 8 3 . 5  4  5 . 6    I    1 1   1 6    2 2
Exposure Ratio:                                              FD 50mm f/l.4 S.S.C.
 3    2 1 . 2 5 1 1 / 2 1 1 3 1 1 4 1 1 8 1 1 1 6 1 1 3 2 1 1 6 4 1 1 1 2 8*f/stops       on the international scale are in heavy type.
Presettingof Aperture
Set the aperture ring to  the desired f/stop. The
diaphragm will  close to  the  set f/stop  only  for  the
instant that the shutter is released.Thus, for example,
with FD lenses,the subject can always be seen through
the viewfinder at the  full aperture opening even after
the f/stop has been set by the aperture ring.
The FD lens has only one aperture ring. When this lens is
mounted on an F-1 or FTb camera body, the diaphragm
can be operated manually by pushing the multi-purpose
lever. The aperture can then be closed down  to any
desired f/stop by turning the aperture ring. When the
lever is reset to  its original position, the diaphragm
returns to its maximum opening.                                                 Automatic/Manual                                                                                      Aperture Lever
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Manual Control of Aperture
                              The manually operated aperture is used for checking the
                                      depth-of-field when the aperture is stopped-down and
                                    also when performing close-up photography and macro-
                                  photography.
                                                         r  When an accessory is to be used between the lens and
                                    the camera body, push the automatic/manual aperture
                                      lever of  the lens counterclockwise all the way before
                               mounting the lens. This locks the lever and the aperture
                                               is set for manual operation. For releasingthe lever, push
                                                                 it  clockwise. With the use of  this lock, photography
                                   using  a  manually  operated  aperture  can  also be
FD 35mm f/3.5 S.C.                                performed with older Canon single-lens-reflexcameras.
                                                         r   In the case of the lens which has a manual aperture
                                    lock lever, turn the automatic aperture lever of the lens
                                 counterclockwise all  the way  and  set the manual
                                  aperture lock lever at the "L"  position before mounting
                                   the lens. This manual aperture lock  lever locks the
                                  automatic  aperture lever and the diaphragm can be
                              opened or closed by turning  the aperture ring.  For
                                    releasing the lever, return  the manual aperture lock
                                    lever to the original position at the white dot.
                                                                     I  When using the lens attached in a reversedposition to
                                    the macrophoto coupler for macrophotography, set the
                                  automatic aperture lever of the lens in the position for
                               manual operation, attach the macrohood of the macro-
                 Manual Aperture   photo  coupler  to  the rear of  the  lens, and turn  the                  Lock Lever                                 breechlockmount ring until  it locks.
            Automatic/Manual             I  Refer to page 38 concerning depth-of.field.
             Aperture Lever                                                       23

UsingtheBuilt-inExposureMeter
    The Canon F-1 providesthe most accuratelight measure-
    ment possible with  its unique TTL (Through-The-Lens)
     system. The built-in exposure meter, which is of match
     needle type,  is coupled to the shutter speed dial and
     presetaperture rlng.
    The CdS photocell of the exposure meter is placed in the
     position closest to Ihe beam-splitting condenser lens.
     The  central  area metering system enables accurate
    measurementof the main subject even in back lighting
     conditions. The  rectangular  f rame  in the viewf inder
     represents the  light measurement area of  the CdS
      photocell. Placethe main subject within this frame and
     measurethe intensity of light so as to obtain the proper
     exposure.
         r  The correction of the  full aperture opening of the
      lens is performed automatically. Therefore, the opera-
      tion does not change regardlessof the speed of the lens
     used. An FL lens can be used only with stopped-down
     meterlng.
           I  Due to the characteristicsof the CdS photocell, the
     movement of the meter needle may occasionally be
     slow at low light intensities.         r  When not using the camera, set the meter switch at              R
     "OFF"   or  attach  the  lens cap  so  as  to  prevent                                                                  Htq
     unnecessaryconsumption of the mercury battery.                                                     E
           I  Metering at  t'8"  on the shutter speed dial  is not
      possiblewith the built-in exposure meter.
     24
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Film SpeedSetting
Set the film speed according to the ASA of the film
being used. The ASA of a film is normally shown on the
film box cover or explanatory sheet. Lift and turn the
film speed ring which is around the shutter speed dial.
The ASA number of the film will appear in the window
on the shutter speeddial.
The ring cannot turn any further counterclockwisethan
"25". On the other hand,  it cannot turn any further
clockwise than the green dot, which  indicates ASA
3200.
I  The following film speedsmay be used:
           (32)(40)    (64)(80)   025) (160)   (2s0)(320)   (500)(640)
ASA 25     50     100     200     400     Boo
D I N  1 5     1 8      2 1       2 4       2 7       3 0
          (16)(ri)    (19)(20)   (22)(23)    (25)(26)     (28)(29)
      (r000)(1250)  (2000)(2s00)
             1 6 0 0          3 2 0 0
               3 3            3 6
       (31)132;     (34) (3s)
(Figures  in  parentheses  represent  intermediate   film
speeds.)





                                        25

ExposureSettings
Full Aperture Metering
Full aperture metering can be performed with FD lenses
which have an aperture signal lever and pin.
 1 Set the meter switch at "ON".  I
? Set the shutter speed dial at the desired speed. L
 I  Face the camera towards the subject, look  into the u   viewfinder, and check  the  needles in  the  meter
reading window.
 I  Turn the aper.tu'rering until the meter needle bi-sects
 t  the  aperture metering circle  in  the meter.  lf  this
adjustment cannot be made, a different shutter speed
must be used.
 I  The meter needle is coupled to the film and shutter
speeds and moves vertically according to the brightness
of the subject. The meter needle moves downward when
the shutter is set at high speeds and upward when  it is
set at low speeds.When the shutter is set at a slow speed
outside the coupling range (slower than 1/2 sec. with
ASA  100  film),  the  meter window  turns red, and
metering will become impossible even if the aperture is
changed. When the window  turns  red and metering
cannot be performed, use high-speedfilm or the optional
 Booster T Finder. Refer to "Coupling Range of Built-in
 Exposure Meter" on page 29.

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