Singer 45K Cylinder Bed — User manual

This Book should be carefullyForm K2041
                                  preserved for reference. (848)




         INSTRUCTIONS

                FOR USING

SINGER SEWING MACHINES

      CLASS 45K

              (CYLINDER BED)





             GER





             MACHIN





  THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO.





                                         Printed in Great BretainAll Rights Reserved

USE ONLY SINGER OILS
       AND LUBRICANTS

They insure freedom from lubricating trouble
   and give longer life to sewing equipment


The following are the correct lubricants for this
               machine
ТУРЕ B Manufacturing Machine Oil,
         Heavy Grade

       When a stainless oil is desired, use
TYPE D- Manufacturing Machine Oil,
          Stainless, Heavy Grade

TYPE E-Stainless Thread Lubricant
          For lubricating the needle
           thread of sewing machines for
           stitching fabrics or leather
           where a stainless thread lub-
            ricant is required.



  THE IMPORTANCE OF
             GOOD NEEDLES

   You cannot expect to get the best stitching
 results from your sewing machine if it is
fitted with an inferior needle.

   As our interest is to maintain the reputa-
 tion of our Machines, it is evident that we
  will always supply the best. Therefore, to
 avoid trouble, be sure to purchase your
 needles from a Singer Shop or Singer Salesman.

Form K201


      INSTRUCTIONS


                     FOR USING
       SINGER
  SEWING MACHINES
          Class 45K
             (CYLINDER BED)





  THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO.

To all whom it may concern:

  The improper placing or renewal of the
trade-mark "SINGER" or any other of the
trade-marks of The Singer Manufacturing
Company (all of which are duly Registered
Trade-marks) on any machine that has been
repaired, rebuilt, reconditioned or altered in
any way whatsoever outside a Singer factory
    or an authorised Singer agency is forbidden.


         • 45 K 21



  A brass plate, similar in shape to the above illus-
 tration, is fastened upon each Singer Sewing Machine
made for manufacturing purposes. This plate is
 usually at the right hand upon the arm and bears
                                   As the two numbers that designate the machine.
 Class 45K Machines are furnished in a number of
 varieties, each of which differs in detail from the
 others, it is necessary, when ordering parts or
 supplies (unless the correct number of each part is
 known), to state the class and variety of the
 machine, as shown on the brass plate, and so
 prevent misunderstanding and delay in filling orders.

KI591

                              Fig. 1

     To Oil the Machine and Stand

  To ensure easy and quiet working of the machine,
it is absolutely necessary that all moving parts in
contact with each other should be regularly and
carefully oiled at the places indicated by arrowsin Figs. 1 and 2. If the machine is in constant

use, it should be oiled daily, one drop of oil at eachoiling place being sufficient at a time. Loosen the
 thumb screw at the back of the machine to raise
the round cover plate and oil the bearings which
are thus exposed; then replace the cover plate.
A little oil should also be applied to the shuttle.

K1592

                           Fig. 2

  After oiling, run the machine for a few moments
(with the presser foot up) so as to work the oil into
the bearings, then carefully wipe off the surplus oil.
If, after oiling, the machine works hard it is certain
that some place has been overlooked.
   If, after standing for some time, the machine
works heavily, use a little paraffin in place of oil.
Then run the machine rapidly to clean the bearings,
      thereafter oiling with Singer superior machine oil,
 which should always be used.

   To oil the stand, apply a drop of oil to the centres
 upon which the band wheel and treadle work,
 and to both ends of the pitman rod connecting
 the treadle with the band wheel.

5

           To Set the Needle

                 (See Fig. 3)

  Raise the needle bar (16) to its highest point
                                         Insert
and loosen the needle clamp screw (9)-
the shank of the needle

up into the needle                  2clamp as far as it will                        --18

go, with its long groove
                                                       -16
to   the left,             and                 the eye

directly         in line                 with                      the 3
arm of the machine;
then tighten the screw. 5

  The needle will usu-

ally require no further                      -14
adjustment, but if the
               7
loop of thread for the
                                                  -13shuttle to pass through
does not stand at a     10

right angle to the line of
motion of the shuttle,    8                -12
the needle should be
                                 KI5B4
turned slightly to bring
the loop into this posi-    10
tion.

                                            Fig. 3

6

         To Thread the Needle

                (See Fig. 3)

  Place a spool of thread upon the spool pin on the
arm of the machine and draw the end of thread into
the wire eyelet (2). Then from above between
the retaining discs (3) at the back and near the
top of the machine head, downward and from the
back once completely around the tension wheel
(7), up and from the back over the tension thread
pin (6) and through the eye of the thread con-
trolling spring (14), up from the back through
the hole in the end of the take-up lever (4), down
through the wire guard (13), behind the thread
guard on the needle clamp (12), and from left to

right through the eye of the needle, leaving an
end of thread about three inches long with which

to commence sewing.

To Remove the Bobbin

  Remove the blued dust protector cap at the end
of the cylinder and turn the balance wheel over
towards you till the needle bar reaches its lowest





           K1593

                               Fig. 4

point; then insert the blade of a screw-driver
between the shuttle cylinder and the shuttle latch
spring (A), as shown in Fig. 4. Press the screw-

driver handle from you, to cause the shuttle cylinder

to come forward and the bobbin to drop into the
hand.

8

         To Wind the Bobbin

                 (See Fig. 5)

  With the left hand press the bobbin on to the
winder spindle and hold, then with the right
                  hand turnthe
                            winder wheel un-
                                           til the slot in the
                                   right flange of the
 NGER                        bobbin is engaged
                        by the pin in the
                               spindle shoulder.
                         Raise the front
                                 part of the winder
                             so that the winder
                            wheel is in contact
 11594                       with the balance
                   wheel of the                Fig. 5
machine; place a reel of shuttle thread upon
 the reel pin on top of the machine and pass
the end of thread, from the inside, through the
hole in the left flange of the bobbin. With the
 left hand hold the end of thread, at the same time
 guiding the thread between the reel and the bobbin
  with the index finger of the right hand (as shown
 in the illustration), and operate the machine by
 turning the balance wheeltowards you, taking
 care that the bobbin is wound evenly and not
 too full. Then remove the bobbin from the winder
 spindle and lower the front part of the bobbin
  winder.

To Replace the Bobbin and Thread the
                   Shuttle

                   (See Fig. 6)
  Take the bobbin between the thumb and fore-
 finger of the left hand with the thread drawing off





         3
           2



                        KI595

                                 Fig. 6

from the under side towards the right, as illustrated
above. Place the bobbin in the cylinder as far as
it will go, draw the thread into the slot (1) in the
cylinder and beneath the tension spring until the
thread enters the delivery eye (3), then push back
the shuttle cylinder into position, leaving an end
of thread about four inches long with which to
commence stitching.Be sure that the cylinder is
firmly secured by the latch spring (2) before sewing.

10
        To Prepare for Sewing
  With the left hand hold the end of the needle
thread, leaving it quite slack from the hand to the
                             needle. Turn the
                             balance   wheel
                              towards you from
                       above until the
                        needle moves
                          down and up again
                                    to itshighest point,
                              thus catching the
                               under thread; then
                                  pull the end of the
                               needle thread you
                             are holding and
                                  K1596  the under thread
                    Fig. 7                will be brought up
                        with it through
 the needle hole in the throat plate, as shown in
 Fig. 7.
   Lay both ends of thread back under the presser
  foot.
          To Remove the Work
   When the take-up lever (4, Fig. 3) is at its highest
  point, take hold of the thread just below the take-up
  lever and draw down about three inches of slack
  thread; raise the presser foot by means of the
  presser bar lifter (5, Fig. 3) and draw the material
  back and to the left about three inches; then cut
  the threads close to the goods.

11
       To Regulate the Tensions
             8 BE     BE
                          Correct Stitch

  The tension on the upper and under threads
should be equal and just sufficiently strong to lock
both threads in the centre of the work, as shown in
the above illustration.
   If either tension is stronger than the other, im-
perfect stitching will be the result, thus :—



    Needle Thread Tension           Needle Thread Tension
           too strong                         ton weak

 A correct stitch can usually be obtained by
varying the tensionon the needle thread.
To increase this tension, turn
 the thumb nut (Fig. 8) in the
direction shown by the arrow,
 or, to lessen the tension, turn
 the nut in the opposite direc-
tion. If the thread slips in
                   tensionthegroove of the
               turningwheel  when                               it,
 slightly increase the pressure
 of the thread retaining dises
 by turning from above to the
                                                    K1589 left the screw nut (3, Fig. 3).
                                Thumb Nut
  Should it be found neces-                                                  Fig. 8
 sary to alter the tension on
 the shuttle thread, slightly tighten the shuttle
 tension screw near the top of the shuttle cylinder
 to increase the tension, or loosen it to lessen the
 tension.

12
      To Alter the Length of Stitch
  The length of stitch is regulated by the large
thumb screw in the slot in the front of the
arm of the machine (see Fig. 9). Loosen
                      thisscrew and
                 move it down-
                        wards in the slot
                                 to lengthen, or up-,
                       wards to shorten  SINGER
                          the stitch. When
                               the required length
                       of stitch is ob-
                               tained, tighten the
                              screw. The stitch
                  may be adjusted
                                               three-                              to                       up
                         K1597                            eighths of an inch
                Fig. 9
                              in length.
 To Change the Pressure on the Material
  The pressure of the presser foot on the material
is regulated by the thumb screw (1, Fig. 3) on the
top of the machine. Give this screw a few turns
downwards to increase the pressure, or a few turns
upwards to lighten the pressure.

         To Turn a Corner
  Stop the machine when the needle is at its lowest
point, raise the presser foot and turn the work as
desired, using the needle as a pivot; then lower
the presser foot.

13
    To Regulate the Automatic Thread
                 Controller
  The object of the thread controller is to allow
the thread take-up spring (14, Fig. 3) to auto-

matically, adapt itself to varying thicknesses ofmaterial, This device is carefully adjusted before
the machine leaves the factory and will seldom, if
ever, require to be altered. To readjust it, remove
the face plate by loosening the screw (15, Fig. 3)
and slipping the face plate up over the screw head,
then loosen the screw which attaches the thread
controller to the presser bar bracket and raise or
lower it as may be necessary to such a position that
will allow the thread take-up spring which rests
upon it to leave the thread slightly slack when the
eye of the needle in its descent is about one-eighth
of an inch from the surface of the work. If the
thread controller be too low, this will cause the
thread to be cut in the eye of the needle in its

descent. If the controller be too high, the stitching
will probably lie loose upon the surface of the
material.

14

  To Regulate the Thread Take-up Spring

  The function of this spring is to retain the needle
thread taut until the point of the needle in its descent
 has entered the material and also to assist in setting
 the upper thread between the upper and under
surfaces of the goods being stitched. The action of
the spring is governed by the automatic thread
controller, as explained in the preceding paragraph.

  The pressure of the spring upon the needle thread
should be sufficiently strong to keep the thread taut
 until the point of the needle enters the goods, when
 the spring should drop upon the arm of the thread
 controller, allowing the thread to become slightly
 slack when entering the goods. The pressure of
the spring should never, however, be so great as
to more than counter-balance the effect of the
tension upon the thread.

  To increase the pressure of the spring, loosen the
tension stud set screw at the back of the machine
and turn the tension stud from above towards you.
To decrease the pressure of the spring, turn the
tension stud from you. After adjusting the spring,
be careful to secure the stud by tightening the set
screw.

15
      Twist, Linen and Cotton Thread
  Do not use poor thread. Any good thread will
 work well, but a poor, rough thread will not make a
 smooth, even stitch.
  The best results are obtained by using Left Hand
Twist in the Needle, and Right Hand Twist in theShuttle.

                  Needles
  Sewing Machine Needles are divided into two
general classes, viz.: "Cloth" and "Leather."
  The term "Cloth" applied to a needle always
 means a round point.
   Leather needles are sub-divided into a variety
 of classes suitable for the conditions they may be
 subjected to, and principal among which are the
"Twist," "Reverse Twist," "Reverse 'C' Twist,""Wedge," "Cross," "Spear," and "Reverse Spear"
points.
divisions.The following table will explain these sub-
  (The line of the needle eye is indicated by the
 arrow.)
"Twist" cuts thus: * > is recommended for
     general leather work especially that upon which
      itleather.is desirable to draw the stitch well into the

"ReversecommendedTwist"for cutsgeneralthus:leather* >work,/ is alsoand par-re-
     ticularly the heavier grades of work where a
    well-drawn-in seam is desired.
"Reverse 'C' Twist" cuts thus:* > / and is
     intended for leather work. Its use permits the
     thread to be drawn still further below the sur-    faceTwist."than either the "Twist" or "Reverse

16

"Wedge"adaptedcutsfor thethus:finer*grades> - andof bootis speciallyand shoe
   work requiring a short stitch, purl or fancy
     stitching, flowering, etc.
"Cross" cuts thus: * > I and is used upon that
     class of leather work which requires the stitch
     to be sunken still further below the surface than
      is poseible with any of the foregoing styles.
"Twist Spear euts thus: * .> \ and is intended
    principally for book stitching. It may also be
    used for leather.
"Reverse Twist Spear" cuts thus: * > - and is
    intended for heavy leather work, especially
    with waxed thread. It may also be used for
    book stitching.
  Twist and Reverse Twist needles are flattened to
cut at an angle of 45° from the line of eye.
  Reverse "C" Twist needles are flattened to cut
at an angle of 671° from the line of eye.
  Spear Twist and Reverse Spear Twist needtes cut
at an angle of 45° from the line of eye.
   It is possible, however, to slightly turn these
leather needles in either direction (5° to 15°) thereby
materially changing the appearance of the stitch,
and at the same time adapting them more readily
to variations of thread and material. The limit to
such adjustment will be indicated by the appear-
ance of missed stitches.



  Though any style of needle point may be
used in the Class 45K Machines, we would
recommend the use of the Reverse Twist Point
Needles for general leather work.