Singer 45K Flat Bed — User manual

Form K2012          This Book should be carefully
                            preserved for reference.

    INSTRUCTIONS


            FOR USING


SINGER SEWING MACHINES
    Class 45K
           (FLAT BED)



           NGER





               ACHIN




  THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO.



                 1920

THE IMPORTANCE OF GOOD OIL

                  for
  SEWING MACHINES.

  Few things connected with a Sewing
Machine better illustrate the proverb " the
best is the cheapest " than the small but

important item of OIL.

  Knowing, from many years' experience,
the great importance of Good Oil, we
 supply an Extra Quality Heavy Machine
Oil
  SPECIALLY  PREPARED FOR
 HIGH-SPEED SEWING MACHINES
 for Manufacturing Purposes.


                  —: 0 :-

  THE IMPORTANCE OF
            GOOD NEEDLES.


   You cannot expect to get the best stitching
 results from your sewing machine if it is
 fitted with an inferior needle
 As our interest is to maintain the reputa-
tion of our Machines, it is evident that we
will always supply the best. Therefore, to
avoid trouble, be sure and purchase your

  needles from a Singer Shop or Singer Salesman.

Form K2012
April, 1920
Sup'des K200


  INSTRUCTIONS


               FOR USING

     SINGER

SEWING MACHINES
   CLASS 45K

              (FLAT BED)





   THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO.

45K1



  A brass plate is fastened upon each Singer Sewing
Machine for Manufacturing purposes, similar in
shape to the above illustration. This plate is

usually at the right hand upon the arm, and bears
the two numbers that designate the machine to
which it is attached. As Class 45K Machines
are furnished in a number of varieties, each of

which differs in details from all others, it is necessary

when ordering parts or supplies (unless the correct
number of each part is known) to state the class
and variety of the machine, as shewn on the brass
plate, and so prevent misunderstanding and delay
 in filling orders

KISBI




                              Fig. 1.



       To Oil the Machine and Stand.

   To ensure easy and quiet working of the machine,

it is absolutely necessary that all moving parts in
 contact with each other should be regularly and
 carefally oiled at the places indicated by arrows

in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. If the machine is in constant

 use, it should be oiled daily, one drop of oil at each

 oiling place being sufficient at a time. Loosen the
 thumb screw at the back of the machine to raise
the round cover plate and oil the bearings which
are thus exposed; then replace the cover plate

 A little oil should also be applied to the shuttle.

D

                              Fig. 2.


   After oiling, run the machine for a few moments

 (with the presser foot up) so as to work the oil into

 the bearings, then carefully wipe off the surplus oil.

 If, after oiling, the machine works hard it is certain
 that some place has been overlooked.

    If the machine runs hard after standing for some

 time, use a little paraffin or benzine at the oiling

points, run quickly and wipe clean, then oil with
our extra quality machine oil, which should always
be used.

  To oil the stand, apply a drop of oil to the centres
upon which the band wheel and treadle work,
and to both ends of the pitman rod which connects

the treadle with the band wheel.

5





                                                     KIS83
                               Fig. 3.
 To Set the Needle.
      (See Fig. 4.)                          18
 taise the needle bar (16
 o its highest point anc
loosen the needle clamp                             -16
           Insert the 3
shankscrew ofthe0):, needle up
into the needle clamp as 4
 far as it will go with its
long groove to the left
and the eye directly in
line with the arm of the
machine, then tighten                     -14                  Gthe screw
   The needle will usually 7
require no further ad-                   13justment, but if the loop 8
of thread for the shuttle
 to pass through does not
stand at a right angle
                     9               -12to the line of motion of
the shuttle, the needle
                                  KI594                    -11
should be turned slightly
to bring the loop into
this position.             10
                                             Fig. 4.

6

       To Thread the Needle.
                   (See Fig 4.)

  Place a spool of thread upon the spool pin on the
arm of the machine and draw the end of thread
into the wire eyelet (2) and from above between
the retaining discs (3) at the back and near the
top of the machine head, downward and from the
back once completely around the tension wheel

(7), up and from the back over the tension thread

 pin (6) and through the eye of the thread controlling

 spring (14), up from the back through the hole in the

 end of the take-up lever (4), down through the wire

 guard (13), behind the thread guard on the needle

 clamp (12), and from left to right through the eye
 of the needle, leaving an end of thread about three
 inches long with which to commence sewing.

KI585


                            Fig. 5.


       To Remove the Shuttle Bobbin.

                  (See Fig. 5.)

  Turn the balance wheel towards you from above
until the needle descends to its lowest point,and
draw out the slide in the bed plate of the machine;
then, with the left hand beneath the table, take
holdof the knob (1), pulling it slightly towards you
in order to release the shuttle guard ring (2), and
 push it downwards as far as it will go. Insert the
 blade of a screw driver between the shuttle cylinder
and the shuttle latch spring, as shewn in Fig. 5.
Press the screw driver handle from you to cause
the cylinder to come forward and the bobbin to
drop into the hand.

8


        To Wind the Bobbin.

                   (See Fig. 6.)

  With the left hand press the bobbin on to the
winder spindle and hold, then with the right
                          hand turn the winder
                       wheel until the slot
                             in the right flange
                              of the bobbin is en-
INGER
                            gaged by the pin in

                               the spindle shoulder

                              Raise the front part

                               of the winder so that
                            the winder wheel is
                            in contact with the
                             balance wheel of the
                        K1586 machine; place the
                   Fig. 6.              reel of shuttle thread
upon the reel pin on top of the machine arm
and pass the end of thread, from the inside,

through the hole in the left flange of the bobbin.

With the left hand hold the end of thread, at the

same time guiding the thread between the reel and

the bobbin with the index finger of the right hand

 (as shewn in the illustration) and operate the ma-
chine by turning the balance wheel towards you,
taking care that the bobbin is wound evenly and
not too full; then remove the bobbin from the
winder spindle and lower the front part of the

bobbin winder.

KI587


                               Fig. 7.


   To Replace the Bobbin and Thread the
                  Shuttle.


                       (See Fig. 7.)

  Take the bobbin between the thumb and fore-
finger of the left hand with the thread drawing off
from the under side towards the right, as illustrated
above. Place the bobbin in the cylinder as far as
it will go, draw the thread into the slot (1) in the
cylinder and beneath the tension spring until the
thread enters the delivery eye (3), then push back
the shuttle cylinder into position, leaving an end
of thread about four inches long with which to
commence stitching. Be sure that the cylinder is
firmly secured by the latch spring (2) before sewing.

10

        To Prepare for Sewing.

  With the left hand hold the end of the needle
thread, leaving it quite slack from the hand to the
                                needle. Turn the
                           balance wheel
                                towards you from
                         above until the
                            needlemovesdown
                              and up again to its
                                    highest point, thus
                                  catching the under
                                 thread; then pull
                          the end of the
              8090669м1-              needle thread you
                            are holding and
                                  K1588   the under thread
                                      will be brought up                    Fig. 8.
                           with it through
 the needle hole in the throat plate, as shewn in

 Fig. 8.
   Lay both ends of thread back under the presser

 foot.
            To Remove the Work.


    When the take-up lever (4, Fig. 4) is at its highest
  point, take hold of the thread just below the take-up
  lever and draw down about three inches of slack:
 raise the presser foot by means of the presser bar

  lifterthe left(5, aboutFig 4) threeand drawinches,the thenmaterialcut backthe threadsand to
  close to the goods.

11

       To Regulate the Tensions.
    DOOOO                    Correct Stitch
  The tension on the upper and under threads
shouldboth threadsbe equalin theandcentrejust sufficientlyof the work,strongas shewnto lockin
the above illustration.
   If either tension is stronger than the other, im-
 perfect stitching will be the result, thus:—


  Needle Thread Tension       Needle Thread Tension
        too strong.                  too weak.
 A correct stitch can usually be obtained by
varying the tension on the needle thread.
To increase this tension, turn
 the thumb nut (Fig. 9) in the
 direction shewn by the arrow,
or, to lessen the tension, turn
 the nut in the oppusite direc-
 tion. If the thread slips in
thegroove of the tension
wheel  when turning   it,
slightly increase the pressure
of the thread retaining discs
by turning from above to the
 left the screw nut (3, Fig. 4).
                                                     KISUS
  Should it be found neces-  Thumb Nut.
                                               Fig 9.sary to alter the tension on
                   slightly  tighten the shuttle
thetensionshuttlescrewthread,nearthe top of the shuttle cylinder
to increase the tension, or loosen it to lessen the

 tension.

12

      To Alter the Length of Stitch.
  The length of stitch is regulated by the large
thumb screw in the slot in the front of the arm of

                               the machine (see
                                 Fig. 10). Loosen
                                this SCreWand
                          move it down-
                                 wards in the slot
  SINGER                                      to lengthen, or up-
                                wards to shorten
                               the stitch. When

                                   therequired length
                           of stitch is ob-
                                    tained, tighten the
                              screw. The stitch
                            4590   may be adjusted
             Fig. 10.                  up to three-
eighths, of an inch in length.

   To Change the Pressure on the Material.

   The pressure of the presser foot on the material

 is regulated by the thumb screw (1, Fig. 4) on the
top of the machine. Give this screw a few turns

downwards to increase the pressure, or a few turns

 upwards to lighten the pressure.

             To Turn a Corner.

  Stop the machine when the needle is at its lowest

point, raise the presser foot and turn the work as
desired, using the needle as a pivot; then lower
the presser foot.

13


     To Regulate the Automatic Thread

                 Controller.

  The object of the thread controller is to allow

the thread take-up spring (14, Fig, 4) to auto-
matically adapt itself to varying thicknesses of

material. This device is carefully adjusted before

the machine leaves the factory and will seldom, if

ever, require to be altered. To readjust it, remove

the face plate by loosening the screw (15, Fig. 4)

and slipping the face plate up over the screw head,
then loosen the screw which attaches the thread

controller to the presser bar bracket and raise or

lower it as may be necessary to such a position that
will allow the thread take-up spring which rests

upon it to leave the thread slightly slack when the

eye of the needle in its descent is about one eighth
of an inch from the surface of the work.If the
thread controller be too low, this will cause the

thread to be cut in the eye of the needle in its

descent. If the controller be too high, the stitching
will probably lie loose upon the surface of the

material.

14



   To Regulate the Thread Take-up Spring.

  The function of this spring is to retain the needle
thread taut until the point of the needle in its descent
has entered the material and also to assist in setting
the upper thread between the upper and under
surfaces of the goods being stitched.The action of
the spring is governed by the automatic thread

controller, as explained in the preceding paragraph.


   The pressure of the spring upon the needle thread

should be sufficiently strong to keep the thread taut
until the point of the needle enters the goods,
when the spring should drop upon the arm of the
thread controller, allowing the thread to become
 slightly slack when entering the goods. The pres-
sure of the spring should never, however, be so
great as to more than counterbalance the effect of
the tension upon the thread.

   To increase the pressure of the spring, loosen the

 tension stud set screw at the back of the machine

and turn the tension stud from above towards you.

To decrease the pressure of the spring, turn the

tension stud from you. After adjusting the spring,

be careful to secure the stud by tightening the set

screw.

15

      Twist, Linen and Cotton Thread.
  Do not use poor thread. Any good thread will
 work well, but a poor rough thread will not make a
smooth, even stitch.
  The best results are obtained by using Left Hand
twist in the Needle, and Right Hand twist in the
 Shuttle.
                 Needles.
  Sewing Machine Needles are divided into two
general classes, viz.: " Cloth" and " Leather."
  The term " Cloth" applied to a needle always
 means a round point.
   Leather needles are sub-divided into a variety
 of classes suitable for the conditions they may be
 subjected to, and principal among which are the
" Twist," " Reverse Twist," " Reverse ' C' Twist,"
" Wedge," " Cross," " Spear," and " Reverse Spear"
points.
  The following table will explain these sub-
divisions.

 (The line of the needle eye is indicaled by the arrow.)
"Twist " cuts thus: *> is recommended for
     general leather work, especially that upon which
       it is desirable to draw the stitch well into the
    leather.
" Reverse Twist" cuts thus: » → is also re-
    commended for general leather work, and par-
      ticularly the heavier grades of work where a well
     drawn-in seam is desired.
 " Reverse 'C' Twist" cuts thus:= → and is
     intended for leather work.Its use permits the
     thread to be drawn still further below the sur-
     face than either the " Twist" or " Reverse
     Twist."

16
"Wedge" cuts thus: »—> and is specially
    adapted for the finer grades of boot and shoe
     work requiring a short stitch, purl or fancy
     stitching, flowering, etc.
  " Cross" cuts thus: 2 >| and is used upon that
     class of leather work which requires the stitch
     to be sunken still further below the surface than
      is possible with any of the above styles.
"Twist Spear" cuts thus: and is intended
     principally for book stitching. It may also be
     used for leather.
 " Reverse Twist Spear" cuts thus: →> and is
    intended for heavy leatherwork, especially
     with waxed thread. It may aiso be used for
     book stitching.
   Twist and Reverse Twist needles are flattened to
 cut at an angle of 45° from the line of eye.
   Reverse " C" Twist needles are flattened to cut
 at an angle of 671° from the line of eye.
   Spear Twist and Reverse Spear Twist needles cut
 at an angle of 45° from the line of eye.

   It is possible, however, to slightly turn these
 leather needles in either direction (5° to 15º) thereby
 materially changing the appearance of the stitch,
 and at the same time adapting them more readily
 to variations of thread and material. The limit to
 such adjustment will be indicated by the appear-
 ance of missed stitches.



   Though any style of needle point may be
 used in the Class 45K Machines, we would
 recommend the use of the Reverse Twist Point
 Needles for general leather work.

THE SINGET HFG.CQ





This Trade Mark Embossed in Brass
    is on the Arm of every
       Singer Sewing Machine.