Gossen Sixtomat single page User manual

@   incident Liehr


OF INTOR M AI IO N:
Reoding off
of Exposure Doto                   l;1,?:',1:TI"?;,"",      @

Venmo @mike-butkus-camera  Ph. 2083
PayPal Name  Lynn@butkus.org      www.PayPal.me/lynnbutkus

www.butkus.us
TRIPI.E APPlICATION
")(3" reodily indentifies the greot versotility of your SIXTOMAT. As
your will see, it is for more thon o precrsron exposure meter for  still
ond cine. photogrophy, for block ond white or'colour film, for use
with doylight or ortificiol light. With your SIXTOMAT X 3 you con
determine:
 l. Correct exposure by meosuring reflected light.
2. Correct exposure by meosuring incident light, which furthermore
   permits proper boloncing of ihe most fovouioble lighting.
3. Co.rrect lighting for colour photogrophy by the meosuremenr of
   colour temperoture.
With your slxToMAT X 3 you will olwoys be oble to obtoin correcr
exposure ond olso to iudge thot the lighiing is suitoble.

Mike Butkus  Digitally                                           DN:ou=butkus.org,Date:cn=Mike2022.03.13signedButkus,email=mike@butkus.org,by16:29:22Mikeo=ButkusButkus-04'00'camera manuals,c=US

www.butkus.us
tIRST 0t A11: tllm SPEED
Turn the knurled knob to the left or right until the index line clicks
into ploce for the speed of your film.
MEASUREMENT OI HAIR.lIN E ACCURACY
Whether you use the reflected light or incident light method, you
obtoin the correct reoding in the some foshion. Turn the odiusting
knob until the curved diogonol line runs exoctly through the point ot
which the needle intersects the index line. You now hove o perfect
cross of hoir-line occurocy, ond the result of your meosurement  is
reody for reoding off from the window obove.

www.butkus.usAPERTURE AND SHUITER SPTED
Your SIXTOMAT X 3 indicotes o series of f stop ond shutter speed
poirs. You select smoll lens opening if you need greoter depth of
field, fost shutter speed to "stop" fost ociion.
                                                                                                                      1/2,o) Upper left picture opp.: The shutter speed here is the normol
    rls, tlt'o sec. etc., ond you reod the exposure times shown obove
   the f stop scole.
b) Upper right picture opp.: For the shutter speeds r/z, tlt,l/a sec. etc.,
  you reod the exposure times below the f stop scole.
c) occosionolly, the figures for shutter speed ond f stop will not
   exoctly correspond. ln this cose use the neorest shutter speed
  shown ond set the f stop to on intermediote volue. os indicoted
  by your SIXTOMAT X 3.

www.butkus.usTOR CAMERAS WITH IIGHT VAlUE SCAlE
ln cose your comero feotures the new "synchro-Compur with light
volue scole" you con ioke immediote light volue reodings with your
SIXTOMAT X 3.
After you.whichhove found the hoir-line cross, you simply reod the redfigure       oppeors obove lhe smoll green triongle of the extreme
lelt hond corner of the lowest scole. You tronsfer the red light volue
found on the SIXTOMAT X 3 to your compur shutter ond your co-
mero is properly set. By turning the lorge knurled ring on the shutter
you select the f stop shutter speed poir which is most suitoble for
the type of picture you wont to toke. As long os the f stop lever
remoins set 6n the tight volue indicoted by the meter, the correcl
exposure combinotion will be mointoined. The light volue scolo olso
permits reoding of intermediote volues (holf light volues) ond they
olso con be set on the shutter.

www.butkus.usRTFlECTED lIGHT MEASUREMTNT - PRINCIPlE
Slide the Roller blind bock os for os it will go. The light reflected by
the scene or obiect to be photogrophed now flows freely through
the honeycomb lenses of the photocell of your SIXTOMAT X 3. There
it is tronsformed into on electric current. The omount of current pro-
duced corresponds to the brightness of the obiect. The pointer indi-
cotion is qlso o meosure of how much lighi reoches the film during
exposure.
ln using this reflected light method olwoys ioke o reoding of your
SIXTOMAT X 3 from the comero position to thot of the obiect. Thus
the exposure meter ond comero see the subieci in the some woy.
And this ogreement is mode complete becouse the opticol system of
the cooted honeycomb lens mokes the ongle of occeptonce of the
SIXTOMAT X 3 conform to the ongle of most normol comero lenses.

www.butkus.usRE]lECTED IIGHT MEASUREMENT - AP PI.ICATION
You will olwoys hove excellent results if you remember to meosure
the most importont ports of the subiect. Very bright surroundings con
folsify the reoding (underexposure). For this reoson sunshine, strong
reflected light or lomps must never be ollowed to shine directly on
the honeycomb lens. ln the open oir hold your SIXTOMAT X 3 slightly
downwords. Thus the reoding comes from the importont foreground,
ond eliminotes the bright sky os o source of error. Dork surroundings
con olso be misleoding, but the resulting over-exposure is usuolly
negligible. The method of reflected light meosurement is recom-
mended for oll overoge subjects. However, if there ore strong con-
trosts you should toke o reoding close to the importont port of the
picture, moking sure not to let your own body cost o shodow over
the subiect.

INCIDENT lIGHI MEASUREMENT .www.butkus.usPRINCIPlE
 lrr this cose the light illuminoting the scene or subiect insteod of the
light reflected by it is meosured.  lt is this illuminotion, ofter oll, thot is
responsible for brightness of the scene ond therefore for the exposure.
As the light is now coming from mony different directions, o lorger
meosuring ongle becomes necessory. The normol ongle of occeptonce,
limited so os to be suitoble for Reflected Light meosurement, becomes
unsuitoble for the lncident Light method. Therefore you now slide the
diffusing Roller blind over the front of the honeycomb lens up to the
red lines. You now point your SIXTOMAT X 3 horizontolly from the
subiect to the position from which you will toke the photogroph.

www.butkus.usINCIDENT IIGHI MEASUREMENT - APPTICATION
The lncident Light method is simple ond olwoys relioble  if you reolise
thot your SIXTOMAT X 3 hos to meosure illuminotion os neorly cs
possible from the position of the subiect. Point the exposure meter,
which now hos the Roller blind over the lens, to the comero position,
moking sure thot your SIXTOMAT X 3 ond the side of the subiect
focing the ccmero receive the some illuminotion from the some
direction.
With inoccessible subiects the normol method of meosuring incident
light connot be used. ln spite of this on occurote reoding con be
obtoined; select o substitute point which receives the sqme light os
your subiect so for os strength ond direction is concerned.

www.butkus.us
COlOUR TEMPERATURE MEASU REMENT - PRIN(IPI.E
Colour Films ore mode either for normol doylight (Colour tem-
peroture 58000 K) or for tungsten light (32000 K). The higher the colour
temperoture the richer is the light in blue roys; the lower the colour
temperoture, the richer the red content. The eyes connot be sofely
relied on to iudge these differences. Even o slight voriotion from
correct lighting con couse ihe most disoppointing results -  especiollywith reversol film   unless corefully guorded ogoinst. The colour                   -finder on ihe reor                   side of the SIXTOMAT X 3 mokes possible the
meosurement of colour temperoture by meons of o simple comporison
of the red field on the right hond side with the five squore fields
on the left hond side. Whichever of these most neorly opproximotes
to the colour of the comporison field then this one indicotes the
colour temperoture of the existing light.

www.butkus.us
COlO UR TEIYIPERATURE MEASUREMENT . PRACTICT
Open the colour finder by gently pressing the door on the bock of
the Meter in the direction of the knurled knob ond point the colour
field in the direction of the light folling on your sublect. The colour
reoding should be token with the colour finder os for os possible
held verticolly in line with the flot field of view thot is to be
meosured. You will notice differences in Colour Temperotures from
different ports of the sky. You choose the most fovouroble position
for your comero, or woit, if need be, for o more suitoble time. ln
ortificiol light you con odiust the position of your lomps ond reflec-
tors to compensote  if necessory. lf the illuminotion is not influenced,
correction filters ploced in front of your lens will often help (see
toble on inside bock cover).

www.butkus.us
PROPER EXPOSURT. PROPER lIGHTING
Effective lighting ploys its port in ihe completeness of your photo-
grophs. You con select lighting for strong or smoll controst or overoll
evenness. Prepore the meter for lncident Light by sliding the roller
blind into position, ond meosure the illuminotion from the subiect in
every direction, thot is, towords oll light sources. Some subiects, for
instonce reproductions, require even illuminotion oll over, ond the
needle should remoin in the some position while the SIXTOMAT X 3
is turned in oll directions.
Other subiects, such os chorocter studies, moy require controsi
between the bosic illuminotion ond the high lights, which you con
eosily oscertoin with the help of the light volue scole. ln generol, the
rotio for colour film should not exceed 2 lo 1; but with block ond
white considerobly more lotitude is possible.