Polaroid 440 / 450 User manual

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WITH THIS CAMERA,USE
PolaroidLandpackfilm Type108(color)
                  or Type107(blackandwhite)
G.E.Hi-Powerflashcubes,or equivalent.
YOURFIRSTPICTURE!
To be sgrethat it's a success,we suggestthat you makeit indoors
with flash,exactlyas describedon page24.
BUT,BEFOREYOUSTART
pleasereadthisbookcarefullysoyouwillknowhowto usdthe camera       I
andwhereto lookfor anyinformation.lf youdo notfollowthe instruc-
tions,youwill not getgoodpictures.
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The Model 450 and 440 cameras are similar anconstruction  Operation
and operation,except:                            H o w t o  l o a da f i l m p a c k . . .                      19
                                          How to set the camerafor flash and daylightpictures.... 22 The Model 450 has a single window view/rangefinder,an                                          How to make flash pictures.                     24electronictimer, and a metal body with a tripod socket.                                          How to make daylightpictures..                  26 The Model 440 has a double window view/rangefinder,a                                          How to developthe picture.                     2amechanicaltimer, and a plastic body with no tripod socket.                                               Checkthe temperature.
                                                                                                    lf no yellowtab appearswhen you pull the white tab.. ..  32  Instructionsin this book are for both models,although most                                                 Care of the print.                             33oicturesareofthe 450. Both modelsareshownwhen instruc-                                          How to use the Cold-Clipwith colorf ilm. . .            34tions are different.                                           H o w t o m a k e p r i n t sl i g h t e ro r d a r k e r( N o n - f l a s h ,) .. . . . . .  36
                                           H o w t o m a k e p r i n t s l i g h t e ro r d a r k e r( F l a s h ) . . . . .... . .    37                                                                                                                                                                 " . .                                          How to make blackand white picturesin dim light
GettingAcquainted                                 without f lash..                               98                                          When to use the BRTGHTsuN oNLy setting....         40
The Model450 camera..                                       . . .. . . .. .   2
T h e M o d e l4 4 Oc a m e r a                                       , , , . . . . . . .   4  Miscellaneous
How to open and closethe camera.                     6  Copiesand enlargements                        4 L
How to hofd the camera                                         . . . . .. . ..   7  You must take care of your camera..               42
How to aim and focus the Model450 camera.            8   Batteryloadingand replacement....                43
How to aim and focus the Model 44O camera..... .. . . .. .  10  Some helpful accessories.                       44
Knowyour flash unit and flash cubes,                     ).2  Close-upand portrait kits. . . .                     45
How to attachand removethe flash unit,..,            13  A cloud filter...                               46                                                                                                                 llHow to inserta flashcube..                        13       l f y o u r f l a s hp i c t u r e s a r e t o o d a r k . . . . . .        . . . _ . . , . : . . 47
The cube rotationlever...                         14   Picturetroubles,their cause and cure.             4A
W h yy ou mu st f o cu sa ccu ra telywhen usingflash....,...  14  Where to write for information.                     5 1
T h e c o n t r o l s.. . a n d w h a tt h e y d o . . . . .              . . . . . . . . . .  1 6  Warra nty. , ,                                    5 1
What you shouldknow about your film....             18   PolaroidServiceCentersand offices..........         52                                                                                                    it                     Donated to www.orphancameras.com                                        4so/44O                                                                                      I

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fMPORTANT: Keep rollers clean (page 42);
                    change batteriesyearly (page 43).
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HOWTO OPENAND CLOSETHE CAMERA

                                                                                               F O L                                                                                                                                   I E





 l. Magnetholdscoverdown.Lift backedge.     2. To removeit, pushspring(A) andlift hinge  3. Liftfinderup andback;magnetwillgripit.
                                            (B). To replace,slidehingedownoverspring.





4. RaisebuttonNo.l; thisunlockscameraf ront.   5. Pullcamerafrontoutasfar as it will go. Be   6. To closecamera,pressdownon lockingbar
                                     surelockingbar(A) snapsinto place.lf not,  and pushcamerafront in until it locks.Fold
                                   youmaygetblurredor all-blackpictures.       finderdowngently.
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HOWTO AIM AND FOCUSTHE MODEL450 CAMERA
It's easy to get sharp, well framed pictures with the Model
450. lt has a combined viewfinderand rangefinder made
speciallyfor it by the famous Germanfirm Zeiss lkon.
As you look through the window (A) you'll see two things:
First, the viewfinder-a white frame line that shows how
much of the scene will be in the picture. Second,the range'
finder- a bright spot in the center.
Hold the camera horizontal as shown. Place your fore'
fingerson both No. t buttons and move them all the way to 'your left. Look through the finder windowand aim the bright Lookthroughhere.Aim brightspotat subject.
spot in the center at a subjectabout 4 tt. away.
You should see two images of your target in the bright spot.
This means the camera is not focused for that distance; if
you made a picture now it would be out of focus and f uzzy.
Push the No. 1 buttons back and forth until the two images
in the bright spot become one- sharp and clear. Now the
camera is focused. The frame automaticallyadjusts to show
what will be in the picture. Centeryour subject. Shoot.
For vertical pictures, you can focus with the camera hori- *lzontal; turn it to vertical positionto aim and shoot.
The closestfocusingdistancewith the rangefinderis about PushNo.I buttonsbackandforth;watchthe brightspot.3y2tt. lf you want to come closer than 3Vz ft., you must use
either the portraitor close-upkit describedon page 45.

To get correct flash exposures,you must focus accurately(see page 15).
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OUT OF FOGUS:lf you see two images of your subject in the   lN FOCUS: Move the No. I buttons until the two images in
bright spot, the camera is not focused for that distince.       the bright spot blend into one that is sharp and clear.

             Keep your eye centered in the finder window or you wiil be unable to see the bright spot.
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HOWTO AIM AND FOCUSTHE MODEL440 CAMERA





Lookingthrough the viewfinderwindow(A) you'll see a bright,  close (3% ft., for example),allow a little extra space between
white broken line. Frame the scene with this line. Alwaystry   your subject and the top frame line, as shown above. lf not,
to look through the center of the window and concentrate  you may accidentallycut off the top of someone's head in
on your subject,not on the white line. lf your subject is very  your picture.

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Lookthroughhere(B) at the brightspot.        y PushNo.1buttons.



            lI
Holding the camera horizontal, place your forefingers on
both No. 1 buttons as.sh.ownand pushihem  ail the-way to
your left. Look through the Focus window (B) and aim tne
bright spot in the center at a nearby subject (ibout  i  i'..u*uy,
for example).You shourd see two imagei of your target in the
To get correct flash erposures, you mustDonatedfocus accurateryto www.orphancameras.com(see page l5).

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KNOWYOURFLASHUNIT AND FLASHCUBES
The Polaroid Focused Flash unit is de- You must focus accurately, to get a of the flash unit is a Lighten/Darken
signed for use only with G.E. Hi-Power correct exposure (see page 14). Each control (C) for adjustmentof individual
flashcubes, or equivalent. With the flashcubegivesfour flashes.After each flash exposures(see pages L7 and 37).
flash unit attached and plugged into flash you must push forward the lever The flash unit has a compartment (D)
the camera,the shutter is automatically (B) in order to rotate the cube in readi- in the rear for two batteries.
set at a constantspeed. ln front of the ness for the next picture. After the
flashcube there is a set of variable fourth flash the lever will not return to
louvers (A). To get correctly exposed its normal position,indicatingthat the YOUR NEW FTASH UNIT DOES NOT
pictures, these louvers automatically cube must be changed.The light given CONTAIN BATTERIES.These are pro-
open and close by the requiredamount by the flashcubes is balanced to re- vided separately with the flash unit.
as the camera is focused on the sub- semble average daylight and will give Before you can take flash pictures,you
ject. The total flash range extends from excellent results with both Polacolor must insert the batteries,as described
3Vztt. to about 10 ft. from the camera. and black and white films. On the rear on page 43.

D
C

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HOWTO ATTACHAND REMOVETHE FLASHUNIT
Hold the flash unit as shown.Slidethe rails(E) on the bottom   into the outlet (G). To removethe unit, pull out the plug and
of the unit onto the cameraconnector(F).Slidethe unit on all   slide the unit off the cameraconnector.
the way, till it comes to a firm stop. Push the flash cord plug


       ur

HOWTO INSERTA FLASHCUBE
Hold the cube as shown,so its sidesare paralleltothe sidesof
the flash unit. Be sure that the cube socket (H) is direcily
abovethe pin (l) in the flash unit, and then push the cube
down firmly so that (H) engageson (l). To remove a used
cube, pull it up.
 Use only G.E. Hi-Powerflashcubes,or equivatent.

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THE CUBE ROTATIONLEVER WHY YOU MUST
After each of the four flashes is fired, FOCUSACCURATELY
the flashcube must be rotated to the WHENUSINGFLASH
next flash position.This is done manu- Focusing the camera automatically
ally with the cube rotation lever (K). adjusts the opening of the louvers in
With the left thumb push the lever the flash unit. This assures that,
forward as far as it will go. You must between a distanceof 3Vzft. and about
rememberto push the lever,or you will 1Oft. a subject which is sharply focused
not get a flash. lt is a good idea to will also receive the right amount of
always do this just after you press the light from the f lashcube to give a
No. 3 button on the camera to reset the correctly exposedpicture. For example,
shutter (see page 25). if a subject is 8 ft. from the camera, the
When the lever is pushed after the light output from the flash unit must be
fourth flash, it will not return auto- greater than it would need to be for a
maticallyto its normal position, but will subject 3Y2 tt. away, if both are to
stay in the forward position.This serves receive the same exposure. Thus, at
as a reminder that the cube must be 8 ft. the louvers must be wider open
changed for a new one. than at a 3Yzft. setting.
The lever will return to its normal
position when the flashcube is pulled
out.

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Top: GORRECTfocus on subject gy2 tt.
 away. The louvers opened the correct
 amount, to light the subject for a well
exposedpicture.





Bottom: INCORREGTfocus. The sub-
ject distancewas 3Y2tt. but the camera
was focused for a greater distance. As
a resultthe louverswere too wide open.
The subjectreceivedtoo much light and
the picturewas overexposed.



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                                                   450/440

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THE CONTROLS...ANDWHAT THEY DO
A. The Film Speed Dial: lt sets the camera for the kind of
film you are using. For 75 speed color film, turn it to 75;
for 3OO0 speed black and white film turn it to 3OOO. The
dial has a strong spring and must be turned quite far to set
it. The other numbers on the dial (besides75 and 3OO0)are
for films that may be sold in the future.
B & C. The Lighting Selector: lt sets the camera for the
kind of light with which the picture will be taken. Move the P o L A R, o knob (B) sideways to put the yellow square in the Lighting
Selector (C) next to the label describing the lighting condi-
tions. When using 3000 speed film look at the 30OO SeEED
oNLy side; when using 75 speed color (or any film other than
3000 speed film) look at the 75, 150, 300 speeo side.
D. The electric eye: The electriceye works only for non-flash
pictures. When you press No. 2 button, the shutter opens.
Instantly,the electriceye measuresthe brightnessof the light
reflectedf rom the subjectand times the closingof the shutter
to give correct exposure.
The electric eye does not measure flash exposures (see
page L2).

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F'..Theflash Lighten/Darkencontror: Turning this L/D contror
adjuststhe amount of rightcoming from the frash unit so you
:.an.T3ke         a frash picture righter oi darker than it wourJ oe if
the L/D controrwere reft atihe Normar position(shown trere;.
For more detailsabout its use, see page 37.



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WHATYOU SHOULDKNOWABOUTYOURFILM
Thiscamerauses two types of Polaroid rollers squashes the pod, spreading
Land pack films: 3000 speed black the chemicals between the negative
and white, Type 107, and 75 speed and print paper to form a picture
color, Type 108. There may be addi- "sandwich".
tionaltypes of film in the future. The picture develops outside the
You must know the film speed num- camera. After the recommendedde'
ber, 3OOOor 75, to set the camera velopment time you separate the sand'
controlscorrectly. wich and there is your finished picture.
A film pack containsall the materials
to make eight pictures. For each pic-
ture there is a piece of negativefilm, a
sheetof print paper,and a thin foil con- PROTECTIONOF FILM AND CAMERA
tainer(the pod) filled with the jelly-like Extreme heat and high humiditycan
chemicalsneeded to develop the pic- damage your film (and also your cam-
tu re. era), especiallyafter the film pack has
After snapping the picture, you start been placedin the camera. Don't leave An important label: On some color film
development by pulling a piece of film, or a loadedcamera, in direct sun packs you may see a label (A) advising
paper out of the camera. This drags or in a car during hot weather.The best you to turn the Lighten/Darkencontrol
the exposed negative,a sheet of print storage place in a closet is near the to a special setting for all pictures
paper,and a pod of chemicalsbetween bottom, where the air is cooler. Don't made with that pack. Pleasedo so, or
two steel rollers. The pressure of the unwrapfilm untilyou are readyto use it. your pictures may be too dark.
CAUTION:Please be sure to read the
important notice inside the back cover.
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LOADING(Cont.)





                                                                                                                                                                     -
                                                                                                                                                                              - < q

1. Pushthebackdoorlatch;thedoorwillpopup.   2. Openit alltheway.Aretherollers(A)clean?  3. Holdthe film packby the edgesas shown,
                                                                       lf not,cleanthemasdescribedon page42.      andpushthe closedendof the packunderthe
                                                                         doorhingeagainstspringtension.





                                                                                                     ^
4. Pushthepackdownintothecamera.       5.&6.Checktobesurethatthewhitetabsarenotcaughtbetweenthefilmpackandthbody.
                                     Closethebackdoor.Pressbothsidesfirmlyto besurethatbothsideslatch.The blacktab of the safety
                                     covermuststickoutof thesmallslot.lf not,reopentheback,leadthetabout.
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HOWTO SET THE CAMERAFORFLASHAND DAYLIGHTPICTURES
FOR75 SPEEDCOLOR





                                                                 y For daylight.
  75.150.300sPEED



Film Speed Dial (A): Set it to 75.         Lighten/Darkencontrols: Set them to the Normal position(shown) unless a label
                                   on the back of the film pack (A) shows a special setting. You can open the back
LightingSelector: Move the knob to set    of a loaded camera to see if there is such a label. lf you do this carefully in the
the yellowsquare as shown for almost                                 shade or indoorsand don't move the pack,the film will not be damaged.all color pictures.
BRIcHTSUNONLYis a specialpurpose
setting; use it as described on p. 40.

Before you can take a picture, the No. 3 button on the
camerafront must be down (see pages25 and27).
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HOWTO MAKE FLASHPICTURES

                  lPLACESUBJEGT: Try to have your    1. AIM AND FOCUS ACCURATELY:  2. SHOOT: Press button No. 2. Press
subjectnear a lightcoloredwall or other   Frame your subject in the viewfinder.    it smoothlyand slowly.Hold the camera
light background.                  Push the No. 1 buttons until the bright   quite still until you hear a loud click
                                     spot in the rangefindershows a single  and the flash fires.
PLACEYOURSELF:You can shoot from   clear image of the most important part
any distance between 3t/z and 10  ft.    of your subject. Then reframe your  AVOID GETTING BLURRED FLASH
Forthe most strikingpictures,get close   subject in the bright lines of the view-  PICTURESby making quite sure that
to your subject and get a large image.   finder.                                neither the camera nor the  subject
                                 You must focus accurately to get a   movesduring the exposure.CHECK that the camera controls are
set correctly(see pages22,23).          correctly exposed flash picture (see                                 page 15).  Be sure that a flash cube is inserted
correctlyin the flash unit (see page 13).
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FLASH PICTUREHINTS
Line up groups: Try to have everyone
about the same distance from the
camera so they'll be lightedevenly.
Have plenty of color: White, black, and
gray don't improvecolor pictures.
Medium sized rooms with light walls
3. RESET:lmmediatelyafter snapping 4. ADVANCE FLASHCUBE : press the are best: ln such a setting a lot of light,
a picture, press No. 3 button down cube rotation lever forward as far as it which would otherwise be lost, is re-
firmly until it locks and stays down. will go, to prepare you for the next f lected back onto the subject. The
This resets the shutter so you'll be flash.Seealso page 14. further you are from the subject, thereadyfor the next picture. more important it is to have such reflec- YOU ARE NOW READY TO DEVELOP tive surfacesnearby. THE PICTURE.SEE PAGE28.
Spare the eyes: Let your subjects look
DO NOT SHOOT FLASH PICTURES elsewherethan right at the camera.
FROM FURTHERTHAN 10 FT. I N F
The recommendedrange for good flash Flash don'ts: Don't try to make flash
pictures (3Yzto 10 ft.) is shown by the pictures in daylight. Don't shoot flash
flash range indicator,(right). lf, after picturesin explosiveatmospheres.
focusingthe camera, the arrow points
at the black bar, as shown, you are GET CLOSE TO YOUR SUBJECT AND
within the flash range. lf the arrow GET A LARGE IMAGE.pointsbeyondthe bar, come closerand
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H     MAKE DAYLIGHTPICTURES





STAND so the light on the subject is    1. AIM AND FOCUS:Frame your sub-    2. SHOOT:Pressbutton No.2 smoothly
coming from behind you or from the    ject in the viewfinder.Push the No. 1   and slowly,without moving the camera,
side,but not from in front of the camera.   buttons until the bright spot in the    until you hear a loud click. When shoot-
                                     rangefindershows a singleclear image   ing in the shade or in dim light, hold
CHECK that the camera controls are    of the most important part of your   No. 2 down and don't move until you
set correctly(see pages 22,23).           subject. Then reframe your subject in   hear a second click as the shutter
                                        the bright lines of the viewfinder.        closes.Then let No. 2 button come up.
BE .SURE that the flash unit is not
plugged into the camera. lf  it is, the
electriceye will not function.
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